scholarly journals Virtual reality (VR) treatment for phantom limb pain

PAIN RESEARCH ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Masahiko Sumitani ◽  
Michihiro Osumi ◽  
Kazunori Inomata ◽  
Yuko Otake ◽  
Reo Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Pain

A Virtual Reality Intervention for the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain: Development and Feasibility Results

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2051-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Rutledge ◽  
Deborah Velez ◽  
Colin Depp ◽  
John R McQuaid ◽  
Garland Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Baseline Visit ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
User Ratings ◽  
Very High

Abstract Objective To describe the development of a virtual reality (VR) treatment for phantom limb pain (PLP) and phantom sensations and provide feasibility data from testing the treatment in a population of veterans. Design & Subjects Fourteen participants completed a baseline visit evaluating their amputation, PLP, and phantom sensations. Subsequently, participants completed a VR treatment modeled after mirror therapy for PLP, navigating in a VR environment with a bicycle pedaler and motion sensor to pair their cadence to a VR avatar. The VR avatar enabled visualization of the participant’s intact phantom limb in motion, a hypothesized mechanism of mirror therapy. Setting Laboratory. Methods Participants completed pre- and post-treatment measures to evaluate changes in PLP, phantom sensations, and rate helpfulness, realism, immersion, adverse experiences, and treatment satisfaction. Results Eight of 14 participants (57.1%) reported PLP pre–VR treatment, and 93% (13/14) reported one or more unpleasant phantom sensations. After treatment, 28.6% (4/14) continued to report PLP symptoms (t[13] = 2.7, P = 0.02, d = 0.53) and 28.6% (4/14) reported phantom sensations (t[13] = 4.4, P = 0.001, d = 1.7). Ratings of helpfulness, realism, immersion, and satisfaction were uniformly high to very high. There were no adverse experiences. Four participants completed multiple VR treatments, showing stable improvements in PLP intensity and phantom sensations and high user ratings. Conclusions This feasibility study of a novel VR intervention for PLP was practical and was associated with significant reductions in PLP intensity and phantom sensations. Our findings support continued research in VR-based treatments in PLP, with a need for direct comparisons between VR and more established PLP treatments.

Exploratory findings with virtual reality for phantom limb pain; from stump motion to agency and analgesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 846-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Cole ◽  
Simon Crowle ◽  
Greg Austwick ◽  
David Henderson Slater
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Pain

scholarly journals An Examination of Virtual Reality Interventions as a Resource for the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Johnson ◽  
Tyler Todd ◽  
Helen Block ◽  
Ashton Preston ◽  
Edilberto Raynes
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Pain

scholarly journals An investigation into the effects of a virtual reality system on phantom limb pain: a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai Kulkarni ◽  
Steve Pettifer ◽  
Sue Turner ◽  
Cliff Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Numerical Rating

Background: There is no first-line treatment available for phantom limb pain (PLP). For some years, there has been interest in the use of mirrors and other techniques based on visual feedback. Unfortunately, up until now, all published studies have had methodological weaknesses with two recent systematic reviews concluding that therapies of this kind need more evidence to support their use. Aim: To evaluate the effects of a virtual reality (VR) activity on PLP. Methods: This was a prospective pilot study of upper limb amputees using questionnaires to evaluate a VR system. Eleven participants were recruited, with nine completing all three sessions of VR. Participants undertook three sessions of VR, one a month for 3 months. Outcome measures were PLP pain intensity using an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS), number of PLP episodes and duration of the PLP episodes. All participants were also asked for their judgement of change. Open-ended questions captured the qualitative experience of all aspects of the VR experience. Results: The mean PLP pain score following three VR sessions reduced (6.11 v 3.56) but this was not a statistical difference (t = 2.1, df = 8, p = 0.07). No statistical difference was found for the number of PLP episodes (Pearson chi-square = 3.43, df = 2, p = 0.18) or the duration of each PLP episode (Pearson chi-square = 22.50, df = 16, p = 0.13). Three groups emerged: those whose pain reduced (the majority), those whose pain remained the same (small number) and one those whose pain increased slightly. Discussion: There is insufficient evidence from these results to identify an effect of VR on PLP; however, this is a small group and qualitatively most were content with the treatment and wanted a longer trial.

Immersive Virtual Reality Games for Rehabilitation of Phantom Limb Pain

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhan Akbulut ◽  
Feray Gungor ◽  
Ela Tarakci ◽  
Abdurrahman Cabuk ◽  
Muhammed Ali Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Limb Pain

scholarly journals The treatment of phantom limb pain using immersive virtual reality: Three case studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (18) ◽  
pp. 1465-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D. Murray ◽  
Stephen Pettifer ◽  
Toby Howard ◽  
Emma L. Patchick ◽  
Fabrice Caillette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Limb Pain
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