scholarly journals Ultrasonography on the non-living. Current approaches.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Thomsen ◽  
Michael Blaivas ◽  
Paulo Sadiva ◽  
Oliver D. Kripfgans ◽  
Hsun-Liang Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Diagnostic Ultrasound ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Postmortem Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Technology ◽  
Diagnostic Parameters ◽  
Deceased Patient ◽  
Postmortem Examinations

The vast majority of clinicians associate diagnostic ultrasound with a tool that is designed for the living patient. However, it is of course possible to apply this imaging technology to evaluate the recently deceased patient for postmortem diagnosis, or even just examine postmortem tissue. We describe several cases in which ultrasound-enabled providers obtain answers in postmortem examinations and discuss potential future strategies and applications. In addition, we will also illustrate the use of sonography in minimally invasive post-mortem tissue sampling (MITS), an approach that can be used in post-mortem minimally invasive autopsies as well as for establishing ultrasound diagnostic parameters in new medical fields such as periodontal and dental implant specialties.

Post-mortem minimally invasive tissue sampling and clinico-pathological correlation in fatal COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Ray ◽  
Naveet Wig ◽  
Deepali Jain ◽  
Prasenjit Das ◽  
Sudheer Arava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Pathological Correlation

scholarly journals Hypothetical acceptability of hospital-based post-mortem pediatric minimally invasive tissue sampling in Malawi: The role of complex social relationships

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246369
Author(s):  
Sarah Lawrence ◽  
Dave Namusanya ◽  
Andrew Hamuza ◽  
Cornelius Huwa ◽  
Dennis Chasweka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Inform Consent

Background Child mortality rates remain unacceptably high in low-resource settings. Cause of death (CoD) is often unknown. Minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS)–using biopsy needles to obtain post-mortem samples–for histopathological and microbiologic investigation is increasingly being promoted to improve child and adult CoD attribution. “MITS in Malawi” is a sub-study of the Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, which aims to identify biological and socioeconomic mortality risk factors among young children hospitalized for acute illness or undernutrition. MITS in Malawi employs standard MITS and a novel post-mortem endoscopic intestinal sampling approach to better understand CoD among children with acute illness and/or malnutrition who die during hospitalization. Aim To understand factors that may impact MITS acceptability and inform introduction of the procedure to ascertain CoD among children with acute illness or malnutrition who die during hospitalization in Malawi. Methods We conducted eight focus group discussions with key hospital staff and community members (religious leaders and parents of children under 5) to explore attitudes towards MITS and inform consent processes prior to commencing the MITS in Malawi study. We used thematic content analysis drawing on a conceptual framework developed from emergent themes and MITS acceptability literature. Results Feelings of power over decision-making within the hospital and household, trust in health systems, and open and respectful health worker communication with parents were important dimensions of MITS acceptability. Other facilitating factors included the potential for MITS to add CoD information to aid sense-making of death and contribute to medical knowledge and new interventions. Potential barriers to acceptability included fears of organ and blood harvesting, disfigurement to the body, and disruption to transportation and burial plans. Conclusion Social relationships and power dynamics within healthcare systems and households are a critical component of MITS acceptability, especially given the sensitivity of death and autopsy.

scholarly journals Agreement between premortem and postmortem diagnoses in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome observed at a brazilian teaching hospital

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aércio Sebastião BORGES ◽  
Marcelo Simão FERREIRA ◽  
Sérgio de Andrade NISHIOKA ◽  
Marco Túlio Alvarenga SILVESTRE ◽  
Arnaldo Moreira SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Postmortem Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Postmortem Examinations

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the main causes of death in adults worldwide. More commonly than in the general population, in patients with AIDS there is substantial disagreement between causes of death which are clinically suspected and those established by postmortem examination. The findings of 52 postmortem examinations were compared to the premortem (clinical) diagnoses, and there was 46% agreement between them. Fifty two percent of the patients had more than one postmortem diagnosis, and 48% had at least one AIDS-related disease not suspected clinically. Cytomegalovirus infection was the commonest (30.7%) autopsy finding, but not a single case had been suspected premortem. Bacterial infection, tuberculosis, and histoplasmosis were also common, sometimes not previously suspected, postmortem findings. This study shows that multiple infections occur simultaneously in AIDS patients, and that many among them are never suspected before the postmortem examination. These findings suggest that an aggressive investigation of infections and cancers should be done in patients with AIDS, particularly in those who do not respond to therapy of an already recognized condition

scholarly journals Postmortem brain 7T MRI with minimally invasive pathological correlation in deceased COVID-19 subjects

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria da Graça Morais Martin ◽  
Vitor Ribeiro Paes ◽  
Ellison Fernando Cardoso ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Borges Passos Neto ◽  
Cristina Takami Kanamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Brain Invasion

Abstract Background Brain abnormalities are a concern in COVID-19, so we used minimally invasive autopsy (MIA) to investigate it, consisting of brain 7T MR and CT images and tissue sampling via transethmoidal route with at least three fragments: the first one for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and the remaining fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Two mouse monoclonal anti-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies were employed in immunohistochemical (IHC) reactions. Results Seven deceased COVID-19 patients underwent MIA with brain MR and CT images, six of them with tissue sampling. Imaging findings included infarcts, punctate brain hemorrhagic foci, subarachnoid hemorrhage and signal abnormalities in the splenium, basal ganglia, white matter, hippocampi and posterior cortico-subcortical. Punctate brain hemorrhage was the most common finding (three out of seven cases). Brain histological analysis revealed reactive gliosis, congestion, cortical neuron eosinophilic degeneration and axonal disruption in all six cases. Other findings included edema (5 cases), discrete perivascular hemorrhages (5), cerebral small vessel disease (3), perivascular hemosiderin deposits (3), Alzheimer type II glia (3), abundant corpora amylacea (3), ischemic foci (1), periventricular encephalitis foci (1), periventricular vascular ectasia (1) and fibrin thrombi (1). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected with RT-PCR in 5 out of 5 and IHC in 6 out 6 patients (100%). Conclusions Despite limited sampling, MIA was an effective tool to evaluate underlying pathological brain changes in deceased COVID-19 patients. Imaging findings were varied, and pathological features corroborated signs of hypoxia, alterations related to systemic critically ill and SARS-CoV-2 brain invasion.

scholarly journals Exploring Perceptions and Acceptance of Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling among Bereaved Relatives and Health-Care Professionals in Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 3421-3427
Author(s):  
Belson Rugwizangoga ◽  
Jean Berchmans Niyibizi ◽  
Marie Claire Ndayisaba ◽  
Emile Musoni ◽  
Felix Manirakiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Tissue Sampling

scholarly journals The evolution of minimally invasive tissue sampling in postmortem examination: a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1792682
Author(s):  
Christina R. Paganelli ◽  
Norman J. Goco ◽  
Elizabeth M. McClure ◽  
Kathryn K. Banke ◽  
Dianna M. Blau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Tissue Sampling

scholarly journals Potential of Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling for Attributing Specific Causes of Childhood Deaths in South Africa: A Pilot, Epidemiological Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. S361-S373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Chawana ◽  
Vicky Baillie ◽  
Alane Izu ◽  
Fatima Solomon ◽  
Quique Bassat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Background Current estimates for causes of childhood deaths are mainly premised on modeling of vital registration and limited verbal autopsy data and generally only characterize the underlying cause of death (CoD). We investigated the potential of minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) for ascertaining the underlying and immediate CoD in children 1 month to 14 years of age. Methods MITS included postmortem tissue biopsies of brain, liver, and lung for histopathology examination; microbial culture of blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), liver, and lung samples; and molecular microbial testing on blood, CSF, lung, and rectal swabs. Each case was individually adjudicated for underlying, antecedent, and immediate CoD by an international multidisciplinary team of medical experts and coded using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Results An underlying CoD was determined for 99% of 127 cases, leading causes being congenital malformations (18.9%), complications of prematurity (14.2%), human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS (12.6%), diarrheal disease (8.7%), acute respiratory infections (7.9%), injuries (7.9%), and malignancies (7.1%). The main immediate CoD was pneumonia, sepsis, and diarrhea in 33.9%, 19.7%, and 10.2% of cases, respectively. Infection-related deaths were either an underlying or immediate CoD in 78.0% of cases. Community-acquired pneumonia deaths (n = 32) were attributed to respiratory syncytial virus (21.9%), Pneumocystis jirovecii (18.8%), cytomegalovirus (15.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.6%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.5%). Seventy-one percent of 24 sepsis deaths were hospital-acquired, mainly due to Acinetobacter baumannii (47.1%) and K. pneumoniae (35.3%). Sixty-two percent of cases were malnourished. Conclusions MITS, coupled with antemortem clinical information, provides detailed insight into causes of childhood deaths that could be informative for prioritization of strategies aimed at reducing under-5 mortality.

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