scholarly journals Ultrasound-guided biopsy of osteolytic metastasis – could be less than three cores enough?

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Romeo Ioan Chira ◽  
Alexandra Chira ◽  
Adriana Calauz ◽  
Roberta Maria Manzat Saplacan ◽  
Georgiana Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Core Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Osteolytic Bone Metastasis ◽  
Osteolytic Metastasis ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Multiple Myelomas ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Aims: The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic yield and accuracy of the ultrasound (US) guided core biopsy in a population of patients with osteolytic metastasis. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 16 consecutive cases of US-guided core biopsies of osteolytic lesions performed in our Ultrasound Unit, from January 2006 to May 2017. We used 18G or 16G Tru-cut needles coupled with automated biopsy guns. We procured a maximum number of two tissue specimens per patient.Results: We obtained a diagnostic yield and accuracy of 93.75% (15 of 16 patients) for US-guided core biopsy of osteolytic metastasis. Most of our cases were metastasis of adenocarcinomas (8 patients), squamous cell carcinomas (3 patients) followed by multiple myelomas (2 patients). Other pathologic lesions recorded were undifferentiated carcinoma (1 patient) and mesenchimal undifferentiated tumor (1 patient). The pathologic result was inconclusive in one patient.Conclusions: Our study supports the important diagnostic role of US-guided core biopsy for osteolytic bone metastasis. Two US-guided passages may be sufficient to procure a diagnostic tissue samples from osteolytic bone metastasis, if theirlength is at least 10 mm. 

scholarly journals Melatonin Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Osteolytic Bone Metastasis: Implications for Osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9435
Author(s):  
Iona J. MacDonald ◽  
Hsiao-Chi Tsai ◽  
An-Chen Chang ◽  
Chien-Chung Huang ◽  
Shun-Fa Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bone Microenvironment ◽  
Osteolytic Bone Metastasis ◽  
Osteolytic Metastasis ◽  
Induction Of Apoptosis ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Shed Light

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are major cellular components in the bone microenvironment and they play a key role in the bone turnover cycle. Many risk factors interfere with this cycle and contribute to bone-wasting diseases that progressively destroy bone and markedly reduce quality of life. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine) has demonstrated intriguing therapeutic potential in the bone microenvironment, with reported effects that include the regulation of bone metabolism, acceleration of osteoblastogenesis, inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and the induction of apoptosis in mature osteoclasts, as well as the suppression of osteolytic bone metastasis. This review aims to shed light on molecular and clinical evidence that points to possibilities of melatonin for the treatment of both osteoporosis and osteolytic bone metastasis. It appears that the therapeutic qualities of melatonin supplementation may enable existing antiresorptive osteoporotic drugs to treat osteolytic metastasis.

Electron Microscopic Examination of a Transplantable Rat Mammary Carcinoma

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
S. Shirahama ◽  
G. C. Engle ◽  
R. M. Dutcher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
North West ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Tissue Specimens

A transplantable carcinoma was established in North West Sprague Dawley (NWSD) rats by use of X-irradiation by Engle and Spencer. The tumor was passaged through 63 generations over a period of 32 months. The original tumor, an adenocarcinoma, changed into an undifferentiated carcinoma following the 19th transplant. The tumor grew well in NWSD rats of either sex at various ages. It was invariably fatal, causing death of the host within 15 to 35 days following transplantation.Tumor, thymus, spleen, and plasma from 7 rats receiving transplants of tumor at 3 to 9 weeks of age were examined with an electron microscope at intervals of 8, 15, 22 and 30 days after transplantation. Four normal control rats of the same age were also examined. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon. The plasma was separated from heparanized blood and processed as previously described for the tissue specimens. Sections were stained with uranyl acetate followed by lead citrate and examined with an RCA EMU-3G electron microscope.

scholarly journals Tumor-Induced Osteoclast miRNA Changes as Regulators and Biomarkers of Osteolytic Bone Metastasis

Cancer Cell ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Ell ◽  
Laura Mercatali ◽  
Toni Ibrahim ◽  
Neil Campbell ◽  
Heidi Schwarzenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Osteolytic Bone Metastasis

scholarly journals High diagnostic yield of splenic core biopsy in patients with pyrexia of unknown origin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Ting Nicole Yim ◽  
Gabriel Wallis ◽  
Jawad Saeed ◽  
Stefan Voo ◽  
Irfan Kayani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Pyrexia Of Unknown Origin ◽  
High Diagnostic Yield

scholarly journals High sensitivity sanger sequencing detection of BRAF mutations in metastatic melanoma FFPE tissue specimens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Y. Cheng ◽  
Lauren E. Haydu ◽  
Ping Song ◽  
Jianyi Nie ◽  
Michael T. Tetzlaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
False Negative ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ffpe Tissue ◽  
Braf Mutations ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Ffpe Samples ◽  
Droplet Pcr ◽  
Tissue Specimens

AbstractMutations in the BRAF gene at or near the p. V600 locus are informative for therapy selection, but current methods for analyzing FFPE tissue DNA generally have a limit of detection of 5% variant allele frequency (VAF), or are limited to the single variant (V600E). These can result in false negatives for samples with low VAFs due to low tumor content or subclonal heterogeneity, or harbor non-V600 mutations. Here, we show that Sanger sequencing using the NuProbe VarTrace BRAF assay, based on the Blocker Displacement Amplification (BDA) technology, is capable of detecting BRAF V600 mutations down to 0.20% VAF from FFPE lymph node tissue samples. Comparison experiments on adjacent tissue sections using BDA Sanger, immunohistochemistry (IHC), digital droplet PCR (ddPCR), and NGS showed 100% concordance among all 4 methods for samples with BRAF mutations at ≥ 1% VAF, though ddPCR did not distinguish the V600K mutation from the V600E mutation. BDA Sanger, ddPCR, and NGS (with orthogonal confirmation) were also pairwise concordant for lower VAF mutations down to 0.26% VAF, but IHC produced a false negative. Thus, we have shown that Sanger sequencing can be effective for rapid detection and quantitation of multiple low VAF BRAF mutations from FFPE samples. BDA Sanger method also enabled detection and quantitation of less frequent, potentially actionable non-V600 mutations as demonstrated by synthetic samples.

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