High-Throughput Microtissue Contractility Assay for In Vitro Analysis of Vascular Mechanics

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric S. Hald ◽  
Zaw Win ◽  
Marianne R. Scheitel ◽  
Patrick W. Alford
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Mechanics ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) plays a key role in regulation of vascular mechanics through modulation of contractile tone. Studies suggest that mechanical or biochemical perturbation can lead to dysfunctional VSM behavior [1, 2]. This aberrant contractility may play a role in vascular dysfunction ranging from cerebral vasospasm to aneurysm genesis.

scholarly journals Novel Fluorescence Labeling and High-Throughput Assay Technologies for In Vitro Analysis of Protein Interactions

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Doi ◽  
H. Takashima ◽  
M. Kinjo ◽  
K. Sakata ◽  
Y. Kawahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Fluorescence Labeling ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
High Throughput Assay ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

scholarly journals Magnesium Therapy for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induced Cerebral Vasospasm as Assessed by In Vitro Studies on the Porcine Carotid Artery

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 330-330
Author(s):  
Gail J Pyne ◽  
Shinsuke Nakayama ◽  
Ondrej J Choutka ◽  
Thomas Ad Cadoux-Hudson ◽  
Joseph F Clark
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Intracellular Magnesium ◽  
Porcine Carotid Artery

82 Background: Mg 2+ has been used therapeutically in the treatment of eclampsia and it has recently become a novel avenue in the treatment of stroke because it can relax vascular smooth muscle. Currently there is a clinical trial, on going in England, involving Mg 2+ administration to stroke patients. But relatively little is known regarding the function or mechanism of Mg2+ treatment following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We therefore set out to determine if Mg 2+ could be used to prevent or reverse the in vitro vasospasm caused by the CSF from vasospastic (SAH) patients. Methods: Oxygen consumption and isometric force measurements of the isolated porcine carotid artery were used to assess the functional and metabolic responses of the vascular smooth muscle following stimulation by CSF from SAH patients with cerebral vasospasm. We used a method of exposing the vascular smooth muscle to 12 mM MgCl 2 for 1 hour to increase intracellular magnesium. This method has been shown to increase intracellular Mg 2+ to levels reached with two to three days of Mg 2+ therapy. Results: CSF from SAH patients with vasospasm will cause vasospasm when applied to vessels in vitro . Following this in vitro vasospasm, Mg 2+ caused a dose dependant decrease in tension (relaxation) following exposure to CSF from vasospasm patients. Exposure of vessels to 12 mM Mg 2+ normalized the rate of relaxation in the presence of CSF from SAH patients was normalized (2.70±0.71 Nm -2 s -1 in the presence of CSF; 15.8±4.20 Nm -2 s -1 with CSF and Mg 2+ ; and 16.1±4.85 Nm -2 s -1 without CSF). Mg 2. significantly (P≤0.05) decreased the rate of oxygen consumption observed when stimulated by CSF (0.70±0.03 μmol O 2 min -1 g -1 with CSF alone and 0.46±0.08 μmol O 2 min -1 g 1 with CSF and Mg 2+ ). Conclusion: These results suggest that Mg 2+ is a potent vasodilator that helps to normalize contractile behavior and metabolism of the porcine carotid artery exposed to the CSF of SAH patients with vasospasm. Therefore, Mg 2+ therapy is a possible avenue for treating patients with cerebral vasospasm by causing a relaxation of vascular smooth muscle.

The native structure of the eukaryotic ribosome

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 432-433
Author(s):  
R.A. Milligan ◽  
P.N.T. Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Native Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Eukaryotic Ribosome ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis ◽  
Resolution Structure ◽  
Stable Unit

A detailed understanding of the mechanism of protein synthesis will ultimately depend on knowledge of the native structure of the ribosome. Towards this end we have investigated the low resolution structure of the eukaryotic ribosome embedded in frozen buffer, making use of a system in which the ribosomes crystallize naturally.The ribosomes in the cells of early chicken embryos form crystalline arrays when the embryos are cooled at 4°C. We have developed methods to isolate the stable unit of these arrays, the ribosome tetramer, and have determined conditions for the growth of two-dimensional crystals in vitro, Analysis of the proteins in the crystals by 2-D gel electrophoresis demonstrates the presence of all ribosomal proteins normally found in polysomes. There are in addition, four proteins which may facilitate crystallization. The crystals are built from two oppositely facing P4 layers and the predominant crystal form, accounting for >80% of the crystals, has the tetragonal space group P4212, X-ray diffraction of crystal pellets demonstrates that crystalline order extends to ~ 60Å.

1163: Radial Dilation of Ureteral Balloons: A Comparative in-Vitro Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 315-316
Author(s):  
Kari Hendlin ◽  
Brynn Lund ◽  
Manoj Monga
Keyword(s):  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

Role of the 807 C/T Polymorphism of the α2 Gene in Platelet GP Ia Collagen Receptor Expression and Function

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (06) ◽  
pp. 951-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Corral ◽  
R. González-Conejero ◽  
J. Rivera ◽  
F. Ortuño ◽  
P. Aparicio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Platelet Surface ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
And Function ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

SummaryThe variability of the platelet GP Ia/IIa density has been associated with the 807 C/T polymorphism (Phe 224) of the GP Ia gene in American Caucasian population. We have investigated the genotype and allelic frequencies of this polymorphism in Spanish Caucasians. The T allele was found in 35% of the 284 blood donors analyzed. We confirmed in 159 healthy subjects a significant association between the 807 C/T polymorphism and the platelet GP Ia density. The T allele correlated with high number of GP Ia molecules on platelet surface. In addition, we observed a similar association of this polymorphism with the expression of this protein in other blood cell types. The platelet responsiveness to collagen was determined by “in vitro” analysis of the platelet activation and aggregation response. We found no significant differences in these functional platelet parameters according to the 807 C/T genotype. Finally, results from 3 case/control studies involving 302 consecutive patients (101 with coronary heart disease, 104 with cerebrovascular disease and 97 with deep venous thrombosis) determined that the 807 C/T polymorphism of the GP Ia gene does not represent a risk factor for arterial or venous thrombosis.

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