Thermal Effect of Gold Nanorods in Implanted Prostatic Tumors During Laser Photothermal Therapy

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Manuchehrabadi ◽  
L. Zhu ◽  
A. Attaluri ◽  
H. Cai ◽  
R. Edziah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Temperature Elevation ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Energy Absorbers

In recent years, nanotechnologies have emerged as promising therapies due to their ability to deliver adequate thermal dosage to irregular and/or deep-seated tumors. Gold nanorods can be tuned to a specific laser wavelength and serve as strong laser energy absorbers. Due to the powerful optical absorption, the laser energy is concentrated in an area congregating by nanorods, and then the energy absorbed can be transferred to the surrounding tumor tissue by heat conduction.1–4 Currently, there are wide variation ranges of treatment protocols using photothermal therapy. A systematic approach is lacking to analyze temperature elevation history in tumors during heating to design an optimized combination of laser parameters to maximize thermal damage to tumors.

Computational Simulation of Temperature Elevations in Tumors Using Monte Carlo Method and Comparison to Experimental Measurements in Laser Photothermal Therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Manuchehrabadi ◽  
Yonghui Chen ◽  
Alexander LeBrun ◽  
Ronghui Ma ◽  
Liang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Simulated Temperature ◽  
Laser Energy Absorption ◽  
Laser Photothermal Therapy

Accurate simulation of temperature distribution in tumors induced by gold nanorods during laser photothermal therapy relies on precise measurements of thermal, optical, and physiological properties of the tumor with or without nanorods present. In this study, a computational Monte Carlo simulation algorithm is developed to simulate photon propagation in a spherical tumor to calculate laser energy absorption in the tumor and examine the effects of the absorption (μa) and scattering (μs) coefficients of tumors on the generated heating pattern in the tumor. The laser-generated energy deposition distribution is then incorporated into a 3D finite-element model of prostatic tumors embedded in a mouse body to simulate temperature elevations during laser photothermal therapy using gold nanorods. The simulated temperature elevations are compared with measured temperatures in PC3 prostatic tumors in our previous in vivo experimental studies to extract the optical properties of PC3 tumors containing different concentrations of gold nanorods. It has been shown that the total laser energy deposited in the tumor is dominated by μa, while both μa and μs shift the distribution of the energy deposition in the tumor. Three sets of μa and μs are extracted, representing the corresponding optical properties of PC3 tumors containing different concentrations of nanorods to laser irradiance at 808 nm wavelength. With the injection of 0.1 cc of a 250 optical density (OD) nanorod solution, the total laser energy absorption rate is increased by 30% from the case of injecting 0.1 cc of a 50 OD nanorod solution, and by 125% from the control case without nanorod injection. Based on the simulated temperature elevations in the tumor, it is likely that after heating for 15 min, permanent thermal damage occurs in the tumor injected with the 250 OD nanorod solution, while thermal damage to the control tumor and the one injected with the 50 OD nanorod solution may be incomplete.

Treatment Efficacy of Laser Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods: Tumor Shrinkage Study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Manuchehrabadi ◽  
R. Toughiri ◽  
H. Cai ◽  
L. Zhu ◽  
A. Attaluri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Laser Irradiance ◽  
Tumor Shrinkage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laser Photothermal Therapy

Gold nanorods can be tuned to a specific laser wavelength and serve as strong laser energy absorbers. Due to the powerful optical absorption, the laser energy is concentrated in an area congregating by nanorods, and then the energy absorbed can be transferred to the surrounding tumor tissue by heat conduction.1–4 Previous studies have shown a wide range of heating parameters with or without temperature measurements. Our previous experiment4 has demonstrated that using only 0.1 cc gold nanorod solution can lead to tumor temperature higher than 50°C when the laser irradiance is only 2 W/cm2. Based on the measured temperature elevation and heating duration, thermal damage to the tumor is highly likely. However, some researchers raised the question whether temperature sensors used in those experimental studies are truly reflecting the temperatures in the tumors. The objective of this study is to measure quantitatively tumor shrinkage after laser irradiation to evaluate efficacy of laser photothermal therapy.

Quantification of Nanostructure Distribution in Tissue Using MicroCT Imaging

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anilchandra Attaluri ◽  
Navid Manuchehrabadi ◽  
Anna Dechaumphai ◽  
Ronghui Ma ◽  
Liang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Laser Energy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Geometric Ratio ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue ◽  
Microct Imaging ◽  
Penetration Depths ◽  
Superficial Tissue ◽  
Tumor Area

Recently, two nanotechnologies have emerged as promising hyperthermia therapies due to their ability to confine adequate thermal energy in tumors. Both overcome the limitations of traditional hyperthermia approaches such as microwave and ultrasound, which have short penetration depths into tissue and often cause collateral thermal damage to the superficial tissue layers. One uses magnetic nanoparticles to generate heat when the nanoparticles are subject to an alternating magnetic field [1–2]. The other one uses gold nanoshells or nanorods in laser induced photothermal therapy [3–4]. By varying the geometric ratio, the nanostructures can be tuned to have strong absorption and scattering to a specific laser wavelength. The enhancement in laser energy absorption would confine the laser energy in a tumor area congregating by the nanostructure. The efficacy of these two methods relies on the achieved tumor temperature elevations which are largely determined by the nanostructure concentration distribution in the tumor. Therefore, having an imaging technique to directly visualize and analyze the three-dimensional nanostructure distribution in tumors would greatly improve treatment protocols to kill all tumor cells while avoiding overheating in the surrounding healthy tissue.

scholarly journals Nanomaterial Applications in Photothermal Therapy for Cancer

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Doughty ◽  
Ashley Hoover ◽  
Elivia Layton ◽  
Cynthia Murray ◽  
Eric Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Targeted Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Graphene Oxide Sheets

As a result of their unique compositions and properties, nanomaterials have recently seen a tremendous increase in use for novel cancer therapies. By taking advantage of the optical absorption of near-infrared light, researchers have utilized nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes, gold nanorods, and graphene oxide sheets to enhance photothermal therapies and target the effect on the tumor tissue. However, new uses for nanomaterials in targeted cancer therapy are coming to light, and the efficacy of photothermal therapy has increased dramatically. In this work, we review some of the current applications of nanomaterials to enhance photothermal therapy, specifically as photothermal absorbers, drug delivery vehicles, photoimmunological agents, and theranostic tools.

scholarly journals К вопросу об эффективности плазмонной фототермической терапии экспериментальных опухолей

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 846
Author(s):  
А.Б. Бучарская ◽  
Г.Н. Маслякова ◽  
М.Л. Чехонацкая ◽  
Н.Б. Захарова ◽  
Г.С. Терентюк ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Tumor Vascularization ◽  
Transplanted Tumors ◽  
Local Tumor ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods

The aim of the study was to study the prognostic factors of the effectiveness of plasmon photothermal therapy (PPT) in rats with transplanted liver cancer based on an assessment of the degree of tumor vascularization. Prior to any exposure, rats with transplanted liver cancer RS-1 underwent a doppler ultrasonography to assess the degree of vascularization of the transplanted tumors. Half of the animals with transplanted tumors were removed from the experiment after dopplerography to determine the content of vascular factors in blood serum by immunoassay and immunohistochemical methods in tumor tissue. After triple intravenous administration of gold nanorods (GNRs) coated with polyethylene glycol at a dose of 0.4 mg/ml, the transplanted tumors were irradiated percutaneously with infrared laser radiation at a wavelength of 808 nm and a thermography of local tumor heating was conducted. After 24 hours, the animals were removed from the experiment and samples of tumor tissue were taken for histological examination. It was found that the accumulation of gold in the tumor tissue and the effectiveness of PPT after repeated intravenous administration of GNRs are determined by the presence of a formed vasculature in the tumor.

A 3D Microfluidic Tumor Construct to Determine Transport and Photothermal Properties of Single Walled Nanohorns

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew DeWitt ◽  
Cara Buchanan ◽  
Allison Pekkanen ◽  
M. Nichole Rylander
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Wavelength Band ◽  
Additional Absorption ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tumor Region

Photothermal therapy is a cancer treatment that utilizes light energy to deposit specific amounts of heat to effectively kill cells in a specified tumor region. While Hyperthermia has been widely used for centuries as a treatment option for a variety of diseases, Localized Hyperthermia, as seen in photothermal therapies, has seen a rapid increase in use as a cancer treatment due to its non-invasive nature, low cost, simplicity, and reduced complications as compared to other currently available resection options [1]. The inclusion of nanoparticles that are capable of intense absorption in a specific wavelength band allows for higher selectivity of this thermal dose based upon the location of the delivered nanoparticles through both the additional absorption of laser energy, which gets deposited as heat, in the desired location containing the photoabsorbers and by lowering the amount of energy or power of the laser necessary to affect the region of interest, thus lowering the energy applied to the non-desired thermal damage region.

Temperature Elevations in Implanted Prostatic Tumors During Laser Photothermal Therapy Using Nanorods

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zhu ◽  
A. Attaluri ◽  
N. Manuchehrabadi ◽  
H. Cai ◽  
R. Edziah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Geometric Ratio ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laser Photothermal Therapy

Gold nanoshells or nanorods are newly developed nanotechnology in laser photothermal therapy for cancer treatments in recent years [1–10]. Gold nanoshells consists of a solid dielectric nanoparticle core (∼100 nm) coated by a thin gold shell (∼10 nm). Gold nanorods have a diameter of 10 nm and an aspect ratio of approximately four. Nanorods may be taken up by tumors more readily than nanoshells due to nanorods’ smaller size. By varying the geometric ratio, both nanoshells and nanorods can be tuned to have strong absorption and scattering to a specific laser wavelength. Among a wide range of laser wavelengths, the near infrared (NIR) laser at ∼800 nm is most attractive to clinicians due to its deep optical penetration in tissue. Therefore, the tissue would appear almost “transparent” to the 800 nm laser light before the laser reaches the nanoshells or nanorods in tumors, with minimal laser energy wasted by the tissue without the nanostructures. The laser energy absorbed in an area congregating by the nanostructures is transferred to the surrounding tissue by heat conduction. This approach not only achieves targeted delivery of laser energy to the tumor, but also maximally concentrates a majority of the laser energy to the tumor region.

MicroCT Imaging and In Vivo Temperature Elevations in Implanted Prostatic Tumors in Laser Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Manuchehrabadi ◽  
A. Attaluri ◽  
H. Cai ◽  
R. Edziah ◽  
E. Lalanne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Gold Nanorod ◽  
Laser Irradiance ◽  
Theoretical Simulation ◽  
Microct Imaging ◽  
Laser Photothermal Therapy

In this study, in vivo animal experiments are performed on implanted xenograph prostatic tumors in nude mice to investigate enhanced laser energy absorption in the tumors by an intratumoral injection of gold nanorod solutions. In vivo temperature mapping of the tumors during laser photothermal therapy has shown the feasibility of elevating tumor temperatures higher than 50 °C using only 0.1 ml nanorod solution and a low laser irradiance of 1.6 W/cm2 incident on the tumor surface. The temperature profile suggests that normal tumor tissue still absorbs some amount of the laser energy without nanorod presence; however, the injected nanorods ensure that almost all the laser energy is absorbed and confined to the targeted tumors. The inverse relationship between the temperature elevations and the tumor size implies a relatively uniform spreading of the nanorods to the entire tumor, which is also shown by microcomputed tomography (microCT) imaging analyses. The feasibility of detecting 250 OD gold nanorod solution injected to the tumors is demonstrated via a high resolution microCT imaging system. Compared to other nanostructures, the gold nanorods used in this study do not accumulate surrounding the injection site. The relatively uniform deposition of the nanorods in the tumors observed by the microCT scans can be helpful in future study in simplifying theoretical simulation of temperature elevations in tumors during laser photothermal therapy.

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Tumor Targeted Delivery of Gold Nanorods and Enhanced Photothermal Therapy

ACS Nano ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2375-2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlei Liu ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Jingpu Zhang ◽  
Xiao Zhi ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Induced Pluripotent
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