Development of an In Vitro Cartilage Degradation Model to Emulate Early-Stage Osteoarthritis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Grenier ◽  
Peter A. Torzilli ◽  
Madhu Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Surface Porosity ◽  
Degradation Model ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Matrix Permeability ◽  
Cartilage Disease ◽  
Early Oa

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage. Disease progression is associated with the irreversible cleavage of the collagen network, surface fibrillation and loss of proteoglycans from the extracellular matrix.1, 2 These matrix changes increase surface porosity and matrix permeability, which diminish the cartilage’s ability to resist joint compressive loading. In this study, we developed an in vitro degradation model to emulate the damage that occurs in early OA in order to study how damage affects the tissue’s biomechanical function.

IN VITRO DEGRADATION OF MIMOSINE BY MICROORGANISMS FROM THE ESOPHAGEAL SAC OF VOLES (Microtus arvalis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. KUDO ◽  
K.-J. CHENG ◽  
W. MAJAK ◽  
J. W. HALL ◽  
T. ARAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyridine Ring ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Ruminal Microorganisms ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Degradation Rates

The microbiota in the esophageal sac of voles fed either cubed alfalfa hay or concentrate pellets were assayed to determine their capacity to anaerobically degrade mimosine in vitro. Differences (P < 0.01) were found between the two diets during the growth phase. The sac contents of voles fed concentrate pellets degraded mimosine and 3-hydroxy-4-(1H)-pyridone (DHP) rapidly, but inocula from voles fed cubed alfalfa hay only hydrolyzed mimosine to DHP. Degradation of the pyridine ring occurred at the early stage of incubation, concurrently with microbial growth. Thereafter, degradation rates appear to have been almost negligible and very similar for both diets. These results agree with previous data obtained with ruminal microorganisms, where highly active inocula were also associated with animals on concentrate diets. Key words: Detoxification, hydrolysis, esophageal sac, mimosine, 3-hydroxy-4- (1H)-pyridone, voles

Effects of Mechanical Stress on the In Vitro Degradation of Porous Composite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

2007 ◽  
Vol 342-343 ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Qing Kang ◽  
Guang Fu Yin ◽  
Lin Luo ◽  
Ke Feng Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
In Vitro Degradation

In bone tissue engineering, porous scaffolds served as the temporary matrix are often subjected to mechanical stress when implanted in the body. Based on this fact, the goal of this study was to examine the effects of mechanical loading on the in vitro degradation characteristics and kinetics of porous scaffolds in a custom-designed loading system. Porous Poly(L-lactic acid)/β-Tricalcium Phosphate (PLLA/β-TCP) composite scaffolds fabricated by using solution casting/compression molding/particulate leaching technique (SCP) were subjected to degradation in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C for up to 6 weeks under the conditions: with and without static compressive loading, respectively. The results indicated that the increase of the porosity and decrease of the compressive strength under static compressive loading were slower than that of non-loading case, and so did the mass loss rate. It might be due to that the loading retarded the penetration, absorption and transfer of simulated body fluid. These data provide an important step towards understanding mechanical loading factors contributing to degradation.

CYCLIC COMPRESSION AND TENSION REGULATE DIFFERENTLY THE METABOLISM OF CHONDROCYTES

2005 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Yi Lee ◽  
Horng-Chaung Hsu ◽  
Xiaoliu Zhang ◽  
Der-Yean Wang ◽  
Zong-Ping Luo
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Primary Structure ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Cyclic Compression ◽  
Loading Patterns ◽  
Collagen Ii

Articular cartilage is the primary structure in joints which is responsible for withstanding compressive loading; however, it is possible that cartilage also experiences localized tensile loading under various loading and boundary conditions. To date, little is known as to whether chondrocyte functions are dependent on the loading variation, especially when loading is switched from compression to tension. The purpose of this study is to examine the metabolism of chondrocytes under both compressive and tensile loadings in vitro. Our results suggest that synthesis of both collagen II and aggrecan is regulated differently by compression and tension at the mRNA level. Tensile loading significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of both collagen II and aggrecan. Since poor content of collagen II and proteoglycan has been considered a detrimental factor in the integrity of cartilage matrix, cartilage degradation and the possible formation of osteoarthritis may be the consequence of loading patterns switching from compression to tension.

Influence of dynamic compressive loading on the in vitro degradation behavior of pure PLA and Mg/PLA composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Li ◽  
Chenxi Qi ◽  
Linyuan Han ◽  
Chenglin Chu ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Dynamic Compressive Loading

In Vitro Degradation Of beta-Amyloid[25-35] Peptide

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Jost ◽  
Jozsef Varga ◽  
Botond Pence ◽  
Marta Zarandi
Keyword(s):  
Beta Amyloid ◽  
In Vitro Degradation

scholarly journals In Vitro Degradation of Absorbable Zinc Alloys in Artificial Urine

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Champagne ◽  
Ehsan Mostaed ◽  
Fariba Safizadeh ◽  
Edward Ghali ◽  
Maurizio Vedani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Urinary Tract Obstruction ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Corrosion Layer ◽  
Uniform Corrosion ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Pure Zinc ◽  
Zinc Alloys ◽  
Artificial Urine

Absorbable metals have potential for making in-demand rigid temporary stents for the treatment of urinary tract obstruction, where polymers have reached their limits. In this work, in vitro degradation behavior of absorbable zinc alloys in artificial urine was studied using electrochemical methods and advanced surface characterization techniques with a comparison to a magnesium alloy. The results showed that pure zinc and its alloys (Zn–0.5Mg, Zn–1Mg, Zn–0.5Al) exhibited slower corrosion than pure magnesium and an Mg–2Zn–1Mn alloy. The corrosion layer was composed mostly of hydroxide, carbonate, and phosphate, without calcium content for the zinc group. Among all tested metals, the Zn–0.5Al alloy exhibited a uniform corrosion layer with low affinity with the ions in artificial urine.

scholarly journals Synovium-Synovial Fluid Axis in Osteoarthritis Pathology: A Key Regulator of the Cartilage Degradation Process

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Dhanashri Ingale ◽  
Priya Kulkarni ◽  
Ali Electricwala ◽  
Alpana Moghe ◽  
Sara Kamyab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Inflammatory Microenvironment ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Inflammatory Milieu

Failure of conventional anti-inflammatory therapies in osteoarthritis (OA) underlines the insufficient knowledge about inflammatory mechanisms, patterns and their relationship with cartilage degradation. Considering non-linear nature of cartilage loss in OA, a better understanding of inflammatory milieu and MMP status at different stages of OA is required to design early-stage therapies or personalized disease management. For this, an investigation based on a synovium-synovial fluid (SF) axis was planned to study OA associated changes in synovium and SF along the progressive grades of OA. Gene expressions in synovial-biopsies from different grades OA patients (N = 26) revealed a peak of IL-1β, IL-15, PGE2 and NGF in early OA (Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade-I and II); the highest MMP levels were found in advanced stages (KL grade-III and IV). MMPs (MMP-1, 13, 2 and 9) abundance and FALGPA activity estimated in forty SFs of progressive grades showed the maximum protein levels and activity in KL grade-II and III. In an SF challenge test, SW982 and THP1 cells were treated with progressive grade SFs to study the dynamics of MMPs modulation in inflammatory microenvironment; the test yielded a result pattern, which matched with FALGPA and the protein-levels estimation. Inflammatory mediators in SFs served as steering factor for MMP up-regulation. A correlation-matrix of IL-1β and MMPs revealed expressional negative correlation.

scholarly journals Holistic Metabolomic Laboratory-Developed Test (LDT): Development and Use for the Diagnosis of Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Petr G. Lokhov ◽  
Dmitry L. Maslov ◽  
Steven Lichtenberg ◽  
Oxana P. Trifonova ◽  
Elena E. Balashova
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds

A laboratory-developed test (LDT) is a type of in vitro diagnostic test that is developed and used within a single laboratory. The holistic metabolomic LDT integrating the currently available data on human metabolic pathways, changes in the concentrations of low-molecular-weight compounds in the human blood during diseases and other conditions, and their prevalent location in the body was developed. That is, the LDT uses all of the accumulated metabolic data relevant for disease diagnosis and high-resolution mass spectrometry with data processing by in-house software. In this study, the LDT was applied to diagnose early-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD), which currently lacks available laboratory tests. The use of the LDT for blood plasma samples confirmed its ability for such diagnostics with 73% accuracy. The diagnosis was based on relevant data, such as the detection of overrepresented metabolite sets associated with PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, the ability of the LDT to detect normal composition of low-molecular-weight compounds in blood was demonstrated, thus providing a definition of healthy at the molecular level. This LDT approach as a screening tool can be used for the further widespread testing for other diseases, since ‘omics’ tests, to which the metabolomic LDT belongs, cover a variety of them.

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