scholarly journals Progressive Post-Yield Behavior of Human Cortical Bone in Shear

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanliang Neil Dong ◽  
Qing Luo ◽  
Bijay Giri ◽  
Xiaodu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Yield Behavior ◽  
Test Region ◽  
Loading Modes ◽  
Iosipescu Test ◽  
Progressive Loading ◽  
Loading Scheme

Post-yield behavior is important for bone fragility since it accounts for the major part of energy dissipation of bone. Therefore, it is essential to study the post-yield behavior of bone to understand the different pathways for energy dissipation [1]. The post-yield behavior of bone may depend on the different loading modes. Previous studies have utilized a novel progressive loading scheme to study the post-yield behavior of cortical bone at tension [2] and compression [3]. However, few studies have reported post-yield behaviors of cortical bone in shear [4]. One of major challenges in shear tests of cortical bone is to achieve a uniform stress field over a test region. For example, the notches of the Iosipescu test may cause non-constant stress fields and locally high stresses when small amounts of bending are present [5]. The objective of this study was to develop the progressive loading scheme of shear in bone using an inclined double notch shear test, in which homogeneous shear stress fields were produced [5].

Progressive Energy Dissipations of Human Cortical Bone in Compression

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijie Leng ◽  
Xuanliang Dong ◽  
Xiaodu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Loading Modes

Bone fracture has imposed a significant burden on the health of society. The “bone quality” is used to refer to factors affecting bone fracture risk [1]. Energy dissipation till fracture, known as toughness, is a major measure of bone quality [2]. However, underlying mechanisms of energy dissipation in bone is still not clear. It has been well documented that the post-yield behavior of bone determines the major part of the toughness of bone [3, 4]. Therefore, it is important to study post-yield behaviors of human bone, especially the different pathways for energy dissipation, in order to better understand how age-related change affects bone quality. Bone behaves differently under different loading modes [5]. Different from loading in tension, after reaching the maximum stress, cortical bone in compression can continue to bear load till large deformation without brittle failure and dramatic reduction in elastic modulus [5, 6]. However, few studies of progression of post-yield behaviors of cortical bone in compression were reported in the literature.

scholarly journals In Vivo Assessment of Cortical Bone Fragility

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Lyn Bowman ◽  
Anne B. Loucks
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
In Vivo Assessment

Studies on Post-Yield Behavior of Cortical Bone

2012 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. Sharma ◽  
J. Nayak ◽  
D.K. Sehgal ◽  
R.K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Yield Behavior ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Joint Replacements ◽  
Hierarchical Assembly ◽  
Plastic Modulus ◽  
Stiffness Loss

Complex hierarchical assembly and presence of large amount of organics and water content are responsible for enough amount of plasticity in bone material. Plastic properties are not only important to assess the various changes and fracture risk in bone but also for the development of better bone implants and joint replacements. The present study is focused on the post-yield behavior of cortical bone. The plastic properties of goat femoral and tibiae cortical bone were assessed and compared in terms of plastic modulus (H), tangent modulus (Et), plastic work (Wp) and plastic strain (εp) using uniaxial tensile test. Both femoral and tibiae cortical bone were found to be having similar post-yield behavior and significant stiffness loss was observed in both the bones during plastic deformation. The value of plastic modulus for femoral cortical bone was found to be 1.2 times higher as compared to the corresponding value for tibiae cortical bone. This shows higher hardening rate for femoral cortical bone. It was also observed that femoral bone requires higher energy during plastic deformation until fracture as compared to tibiae cortical bone.

Deformation Bounds for Bodies Which Creep in the Plastic Range

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Leckie ◽  
A. R. S. Ponter
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Yield Condition ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Plastic Range ◽  
Plastic Deformations

Previous results on bounding the energy dissipation of bodies which creep have been extended to include plastic deformations. The theorems, which are derived, show that previous results can be used, provided the stress fields which are selected nowhere exceed the value of the ratio n/n + 1 of the yield condition for stress.

scholarly journals Orientation dependence of progressive post-yield behavior of human cortical bone in compression

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (16) ◽  
pp. 2829-2834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanliang N. Dong ◽  
Rae L. Acuna ◽  
Qing Luo ◽  
Xiaodu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Orientation Dependence ◽  
Yield Behavior ◽  
Human Cortical Bone

Aging effects on compressive energy dissipation of cortical bone

Bone ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. S47
Author(s):  
Huijie Leng ◽  
Xuanliang Dong ◽  
Xiaodu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Aging Effects

Nano-structural, compositional and micro-architectural signs of cortical bone fragility at the superolateral femoral neck in elderly hip fracture patients vs. healthy aged controls

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petar Milovanovic ◽  
Zlatko Rakocevic ◽  
Danijela Djonic ◽  
Vladimir Zivkovic ◽  
Michael Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Fragility

A Semi-Empirical Elastic-Plastic-Visco-Damage Constitutive Model of Cortical Bone

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Luo ◽  
Huijie Leng ◽  
Rae Acuna ◽  
Xuanliang Dong ◽  
Qiguo Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Yield Behavior ◽  
Damage Constitutive Model ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Further Development

Bone quality can be characterized by toughness of bone which quantifies the energy required for failure. As much of the toughness of bone occurs after yielding, elucidating the underlying mechanism of post-yield behavior of bone is critical for further development of clinical strategies to predict and prevent age and disease related bone fractures. However, the underlying mechanism of the post-yield behavior of cortical bone is so far poorly understood, which makes it difficult to establish physically sound constitutive models for cortical bone that could accurately predict the mechanical behavior of the tissue. The absence of the constitutive equations has significantly hindered the application of bone mechanics in solving biomedical problems. Besides, an accurate constitutive model is always required in numerical modeling and simulating the mechanical behavior of bone under different loading conditions. Based on the experimental results obtained in our lab, the objective of this study was to develop and verify a constitutive model of cortical bone under compression, which accounted for damage accumulation, plastic deformation and viscoelastic properties.

Studies on shear behavior of cortical bone using Iosipescu test and FEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 7279-7284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apoorv Rathi ◽  
Anurag Dixit ◽  
Nitin Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Shear Behavior ◽  
Iosipescu Test
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