Monte Carlo Simulation of Enhanced Laser Absorption in Tumors With Gold Nanorod Injection

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghui Chen ◽  
Ronghui Ma ◽  
Liang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Laser Absorption ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tumor Region ◽  
Nir Laser

The employment of gold nanoshells or nanorods in photothermal emerges as a promising technology in treatment of cancers in the past several years [1–4]. Gold nanoshells consist of a solid dielectric core nanoparticle (∼100 nm) coated by a thin gold shell (∼10 nm). Gold nanorods are usually small with a size of ∼10 nm and an aspect ratio of approximately four. By varying the size ratio, the nanostructures can be tuned to have strong absorption and scattering to a specific near infrared (NIR) laser at ∼800 nm. The enhancement in laser energy absorption is several orders of magnitude compared to some traditional dyes [1]. The laser energy absorbed in an area congregating by the nanostructures is transferred to the surrounding tissue by heat conduction. The nanostructures in tumors not only enables targeted delivery of laser energy, but also maximally concentrates a majority of the laser energy to the tumor region.

Temperature Elevations in Implanted Prostatic Tumors During Laser Photothermal Therapy Using Nanorods

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zhu ◽  
A. Attaluri ◽  
N. Manuchehrabadi ◽  
H. Cai ◽  
R. Edziah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Geometric Ratio ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laser Photothermal Therapy

Gold nanoshells or nanorods are newly developed nanotechnology in laser photothermal therapy for cancer treatments in recent years [1–10]. Gold nanoshells consists of a solid dielectric nanoparticle core (∼100 nm) coated by a thin gold shell (∼10 nm). Gold nanorods have a diameter of 10 nm and an aspect ratio of approximately four. Nanorods may be taken up by tumors more readily than nanoshells due to nanorods’ smaller size. By varying the geometric ratio, both nanoshells and nanorods can be tuned to have strong absorption and scattering to a specific laser wavelength. Among a wide range of laser wavelengths, the near infrared (NIR) laser at ∼800 nm is most attractive to clinicians due to its deep optical penetration in tissue. Therefore, the tissue would appear almost “transparent” to the 800 nm laser light before the laser reaches the nanoshells or nanorods in tumors, with minimal laser energy wasted by the tissue without the nanostructures. The laser energy absorbed in an area congregating by the nanostructures is transferred to the surrounding tissue by heat conduction. This approach not only achieves targeted delivery of laser energy to the tumor, but also maximally concentrates a majority of the laser energy to the tumor region.

WLCSP Laminate Removal Using NIR Laser

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Haur Khoo
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Isolation Technique ◽  
Laminate Layer ◽  
Nir Laser

Abstract Driven by the cost reduction and miniaturization, Wafer Level Chip Scale Packaging (WLCSP) has experienced significant growth mainly driven by mobile consumer products. Depending on the customers or manufacturing needs, the bare silicon backside of the WLCSP may be covered with a backside laminate layer. In the failure analysis lab, in order to perform the die level backside fault isolation technique using Photon Emission Microscope (PEM) or Laser Signal Injection Microscope (LSIM), the backside laminate layer needs to be removed. Most of the time, this is done using the mechanical polishing method. This paper outlines the backside laminate removal method of WLCSP using a near infrared (NIR) laser that produces laser energy in the 1,064 nm range. This method significantly reduces the sample preparation time and also reduces the risk of mechanical damage as there is no application of mechanical force. This is an effective method for WLCSP mounted on a PCB board.

scholarly journals Plasmonic photothermal microneedle arrays and single needles for minimally-invasive deep in-skin hyperthermia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
pp. 5425-5433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Cárcamo-Martínez ◽  
Brónach Mallon ◽  
Juan Domínguez-Robles ◽  
A. Sara Cordeiro ◽  
Maurizio Celentano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Skin Model ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
Microneedle Arrays ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nir Laser ◽  
Deep Hyperthermia

We report, for the first time, crosslinked polymeric microneedle (MN) arrays and single needles (2 mm and 4.5 mm length) coated with gold nanorods (GnRs) to induce deep hyperthermia in a 3 mm-thickness skin model upon near infrared (NIR) laser irradiation.

PNIPAM Gel-Coated Gold Nanorods for Targeted Delivery Responding to a Near-Infrared Laser

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahito Kawano ◽  
Yasuro Niidome ◽  
Takeshi Mori ◽  
Yoshiki Katayama ◽  
Takuro Niidome
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Laser

scholarly journals DARPin_9-29-Targeted Gold Nanorods Selectively Suppress HER2-Positive Tumor Growth in Mice

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5235
Author(s):  
Galina M. Proshkina ◽  
Elena I. Shramova ◽  
Marya V. Shilova ◽  
Ivan V. Zelepukin ◽  
Victoria O. Shipunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Strong Reduction ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Excellent Stability

Near-infrared phototherapy has great therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. However, for efficient application, in vivo photothermal agents should demonstrate excellent stability in blood and targeted delivery to pathological tissue. Here, we demonstrated that stable bovine serum albumin-coated gold mini nanorods conjugated to a HER2-specific designed ankyrin repeat protein, DARPin_9-29, selectively accumulate in HER2-positive xenograft tumors in mice and lead to a strong reduction in the tumor size when being illuminated with near-infrared light. The results pave the way for the development of novel DARPin-based targeted photothermal therapy of cancer.

Nanoshell Assisted Cancer Therapy: Numerical Simulations

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yildiz Bayazitoglu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Embedded Nanoparticles ◽  
Nir Laser

Since the near infrared spectrum (wavelength range of 750–1100 nm) is the region of highest physiological transmisivity, it is the optical communication gateway for the laser energy to propagate into the human body. This optical window also leads to nanoparticle-based approach where embedded nanoparticles absorb the laser light designed to address the specific diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of cancer therapy is exploited extensively in so called plasmonic photo thermal therapy (PPTT). A new tool that is under development for cancer/tumor treatment, in which embedded nanoparticles are manipulated to absorb the Near Infrared (NIR) laser light intensely, aiming at addressing the “nonselectivity” problem that exists in the conventional photo thermal therapy (PPT). The purpose is to seek therapy with a faster and accurate procedure with a comprehensive treatment plan aided with fast and accurate numerical simulations as well. Among all the nanostructures, the noble metal nanoparticles (such as nanoshells) could be tuned to have peak absorption cross section in the NIR spectrum which provide very intense local heating to burn the deeply embedded cancerous tissues and tumors rather than the healthy tissue. Experimental and numerical studies have shown that designed gold nanoshells can be used to remotely and optically induce hyperthermia by embedding certain amount of absorbing dominated gold nanoshells in tumors and then irradiated using NIR laser light. Advancing our capabilities such as modeling, characterization and design of complex nanostructures and their host media for various nanophotonic applications will also increase our effectiveness of induced hyperthermia for its future applications. The computational tools should bridge across the scales from nano to macro, and rapidly compare the predicted behavior of a large number of nanoparticles embedded in tissue so that experimental groups could concentrate laboratory efforts on those resulted configurations most likely to provide optimum results.

scholarly journals New techniques for laser beam atmospheric extinction measurements from manned and unmanned aerospace vehicles

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Sabatini ◽  
Mark Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Extinction ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Non Linear Propagation ◽  
Nir Laser

AbstractNovel techniques for laser beam atmospheric extinction measurements, suitable for several air and space platform applications, are presented in this paper. Extinction measurements are essential to support the engineering development and the operational employment of a variety of aerospace electro-optical sensor systems, allowing calculation of the range performance attainable with such systems in current and likely future applications. Such applications include ranging, weaponry, Earth remote sensing and possible planetary exploration missions performed by satellites and unmanned flight vehicles. Unlike traditional LIDAR methods, the proposed techniques are based on measurements of the laser energy (intensity and spatial distribution) incident on target surfaces of known geometric and reflective characteristics, by means of infrared detectors and/or infrared cameras calibrated for radiance. Various laser sources can be employed with wavelengths from the visible to the far infrared portions of the spectrum, allowing for data correlation and extended sensitivity. Errors affecting measurements performed using the proposed methods are discussed in the paper and algorithms are proposed that allow a direct determination of the atmospheric transmittance and spatial characteristics of the laser spot. These algorithms take into account a variety of linear and non-linear propagation effects. Finally, results are presented relative to some experimental activities performed to validate the proposed techniques. Particularly, data are presented relative to both ground and flight trials performed with laser systems operating in the near infrared (NIR) at λ= 1064 nm and λ= 1550 nm. This includes ground tests performed with 10 Hz and 20 KHz PRF NIR laser systems in a large variety of atmospheric conditions, and flight trials performed with a 10 Hz airborne NIR laser system installed on a TORNADO aircraft, flying up to altitudes of 22,000 ft.

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Tumor Targeted Delivery of Gold Nanorods and Enhanced Photothermal Therapy

ACS Nano ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2375-2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlei Liu ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Jingpu Zhang ◽  
Xiao Zhi ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Bi19S27I3 nanorods: a new candidate for photothermal therapy in the first and second biological near-infrared windows

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsong Xiong ◽  
Qinghuan Bian ◽  
Shuijin Lei ◽  
Yatian Deng ◽  
Kehan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nir Light ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Key Factor

Near-infrared (NIR) light induced photothermal cancer therapy using nanomaterials as photothermal agents has attracted considerable research interest over the past few years. As the key factor in the photothermal therapy...

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