Tactile Surface Detector for a Prosthetic Hand

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Yuen Lim ◽  
Emily Cook ◽  
S. Philip Kirkpatrick ◽  
Neophytos Palettas
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surface Detector ◽  
Artificial Hand

Currently, the number of amputees in the United States is estimated at 1.7 million people [1], and of those 1.7 million people, only approximately 300,000 are upper limb amputees [2]. However, the number of amputees is growing at a rate of more than 18,000 people per year [3]. Although the body powered and myoelectric prosthetics have been invented to provide a cosmetic solution and functionally allow the user to employ leverage or grasp an object, there are no marketed products which provide tactile feedback. Often amputees will not use their current prosthetics due to their unnatural feel. In terms of functional use of the prosthetics, reports show as low as 29% of amputees with prosthetics make use of the grasp feature [4]. Due to the general lack of user satisfaction, it is necessary to improve the prosthetic market by incorporating sensory feedback into upper limb prosthetics so that the user feels like they are using their own arm. With the incorporation of sensory-motor coordination, amputees’ reliance on visual information to be aware of the artificial hand and arm will be decreased, thereby, decreasing their cognitive load [5]. Additionally, due to the increased feedback from the arm regarding the environment, the amputee will be able to use their artificial limb more effectively and with more of native feel.

scholarly journals Online sensory feedback during active search improves tactile localization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xaver Fuchs ◽  
Dirk U. Wulff ◽  
Tobias Heed
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Action Perception ◽  
Body Representations ◽  
Tactile Localization

AbstractMany natural behaviors involve closed feedback loops in which ongoing sensory input refines motor behavior. Previous research on tactile localization, however, has implemented localization as open-loop behavior. For instance, participants indicate a touched position on a silhouette shape of the body or on an occluding board mounted above the hand. Such studies have suggested that humans often make large errors when localizing touch on the skin, or that “perceptual body representations” are distorted. However, by artificially preventing tactile feedback from the target body area, the natural action-perception loop is interrupted. Therefore, these localization approaches may underestimate individuals’ localization ability and draw erroneous conclusions about the role and precision of body representations. Here, we tested tactile localization in a natural setting, in which participants first received brief touches on their left forearm and then searched for the target location by moving the right index finger across the skin. Tactile search reduced localization error when the searching finger was far from, but not when it was near the target, resulting in a remaining error of 1-2 cm. Error reduction was absent when participants searched on an acrylic barrier mounted above the arm, suggesting that availability of tactile feedback on the target arm but not proprioceptive and motor signals of the searching arm determined precision, thus confirming the pivotal role of closed-loop sensory feedback for tactile localization. We suggest that actively produced online tactile feedback routinely refines coarse spatial body representations, similar to the refinement of sparse spatial representations in visual memory through consecutive saccades.

Human Cerebral Potentials During Motor Training Under Different Forms of Sensory Feedback

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Uwe Niederberger ◽  
Wolf-Dieter Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Proprioceptive Feedback ◽  
Motor Training ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Emg Feedback ◽  
The Right ◽  
Training Success

Abstract In two experiments with four and two groups of healthy subjects, a novel motor task, the voluntary abduction of the right big toe, was trained. This task cannot usually be performed without training and is therefore ideal for the study of elementary motor learning. A systematic variation of proprioceptive, tactile, visual, and EMG feedback was used. In addition to peripheral measurements such as the voluntary range of motion and EMG output during training, a three-channel EEG was recorded over Cz, C3, and C4. The movement-related brain potential during distinct periods of the training was analyzed as a central nervous parameter of the ongoing learning process. In experiment I, we randomized four groups of 12 subjects each (group P: proprioceptive feedback; group PT: proprioceptive and tactile feedback; group PTV: proprioceptive, tactile, and visual feedback; group PTEMG: proprioceptive, tactile, and EMG feedback). Best training results were reported from the PTEMG and PTV groups. The movement-preceding cortical activity, in the form of the amplitude of the readiness potential at the time of EMG onset, was greatest in these two groups. Results of experiment II revealed a similar effect, with a greater training success and a higher electrocortical activation under additional EMG feedback compared to proprioceptive feedback alone. Sensory EMG feedback as evaluated by peripheral and central nervous measurements appears to be useful in motor training and neuromuscular re-education.

Study on Pramana Shareera in relation to Prakriti

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Pai N. ◽  
U. Govindaraju
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Characteristic Property ◽  
The Body ◽  
Artificial Limbs ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Unit Of Measurement ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Parts

Ayurveda in its principle has given importance to individualistic approach rather than generalize. Application of this examination can be clearly seem like even though two patients suffering from same disease, the treatment modality may change depending upon the results of Dashvidha Pariksha. Prakruti and Pramana both used in Dashvidha Pariksha. Both determine the health of the individual and Bala (strength) of Rogi (Patient). Ayurveda followed Swa-angula Pramana as the unit of measurement for measuring the different parts of the body which is prime step assessing patient before treatment. Sushruta and Charaka had stated different Angula Pramana of each Pratyanga (body parts). Specificity is the characteristic property of Swa-angula Pramana. This can be applicable in present era for example artificial limbs. A scientific research includes collection, compilation, analysis and lastly scrutiny of entire findings to arrive at a conclusion. Study of Pramana and its relation with Prakruti was conducted in 1000 volunteers using Prakruti Parkishan proforma with an objective of evaluation of Anguli Pramana in various Prakriti. It was observed co-relating Pramana in each Prakruti and Granthokta Pramana that there is no vast difference in measurement of head, upper limb and lower limb. The observational study shows closer relation of features with classical texts.

Psychosocial Consequences of Body Weight and Obesity

2018 ◽  
pp. 274-286
Author(s):  
Deborah Carr ◽  
Vera K. Tsenkova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Integrative Health ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
Adults And Children

The body weight of U.S. adults and children has risen markedly over the past three decades. The physical health consequences of obesity are widely documented, and emerging research from the Midlife in the United States study and other large-scale surveys reveals the harmful impact of obesity on adults’ psychosocial and interpersonal well-being. This chapter synthesizes recent research on the psychosocial implications of body weight, with attention to explanatory mechanisms and subgroup differences in these patterns. A brief statistical portrait of body weight is provided, documenting rates and correlates of obesity, with a focus on race, gender, and socioeconomic status disparities. The consequences of body weight for three main outcomes are described: institutional and everyday discrimination, interpersonal relationships, and psychological well-being. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the ways that recent integrative health research on the psychosocial consequences of overweight and obesity inform our understanding of population health.

scholarly journals Examination and Comparison of Theta Band Connectivity in Left- and Right-Hand Dominant Individuals throughout a Motor Skill Acquisition

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Jessica McDonnell ◽  
Nicholas P Murray ◽  
Sungwoo Ahn ◽  
Stefan Clemens ◽  
Erik Everhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Population Difference ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Neurological Differences

The majority of the population identifies as right-hand dominant, with a minority 10.6% identifying as left-hand dominant. Social factors may partially skew the distribution, but it remains that left-hand dominant individuals make up approximately 40 million people in the United States alone and yet, remain underrepresented in the motor control literature. Recent research has revealed behavioral and neurological differences between populations, therein overturning assumptions of a simple hemispheric flip in motor-related activations. The present work showed differentially adaptable motor programs between populations and found fundamental differences in methods of skill acquisition highlighting underlying neural strategies unique to each population. Difference maps and descriptive metrics of coherent activation patterns showed differences in how theta oscillations were utilized. The right-hand group relied on occipital parietal lobe connectivity for visual information integration necessary to inform the motor task, while the left-hand group relied on a more frontal lobe localized cognitive based approach. The findings provide insight into potential alternative methods of information integration and emphasize the importance for inclusion of the left-hand dominant population in the growing conceptualization of the brain promoting the generation of a more complete, stable, and accurate understanding of our complex biology.

scholarly journals Efficacy of the use of unaffected hand containment in unimanual intensive therapy to increase visuomotor coordination in children with hemiplegia: a randomized controlled pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204062232110012
Author(s):  
Rocío Palomo-Carrión ◽  
Elisabeth Bravo-Esteban ◽  
Sara Ando-La Fuente ◽  
Purificación López-Muñoz ◽  
Inés Martínez-Galán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Visuomotor Coordination ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Anticipatory Action

Background: The capacity of children with hemiplegia to be engaged in anticipatory action planning is affected. There is no balance among spatial, proprioceptive and visual information, thus altering the affected upper limb visuomotor coordination. The objective of the present study was to assess the improvement in visuomotor coordination after the application of a unimanual intensive therapy program, with the use of unaffected hand containment compared with not using unaffected hand containment. Methods: A simple blind randomized clinical trial was realized. A total of 16 subjects with congenital infantile hemiplegia participated in the study with an age mean of 5.54 years old (SD:1.55). Two intensive protocols for 5 weeks of modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) or unimanual therapy without containment (UTWC) were executed 5 days per week (2 h/day). Affected upper limb visuomotor coordination (reaction time, task total time, active range, dynamic grasp) was measured before–after intensive therapy using a specific circuit with different slopes (10°/15°). Results: Statistically significant inter-group differences were found after the intervention, with clinically relevant results for the mCIMT group not seen in UTWC, in the following variables: reaction time 10°slope ( p = 0.003, d = 2.44), reaction time 15°slope ( p = 0.002, d = 2.15) as well as for the task total time 10°slope ( p = 0.002, d = 2.25), active reach 10°slope ( p = 0.002, d = 2.7), active reach 15°slope ( p = 0.003, d = 2.29) and dynamic grasp 10°/15°slopes ( p = <0.001, d = 2.69). There were not statistically significant inter-group differences in the total task time with 15°slope ( p = 0.074, d = 1.27). Conclusions: The use of unaffected hand containment in mCIMT would allow improvements in the affected upper limb’s visuomotor coordination. Thus, it would favor clinical practice to make decisions on therapeutic approaches to increase the affected upper limb functionality and action planning in children diagnosed with infantile hemiplegia (4–8 years old).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document