Tissue Oxygen Transfer During Reperfusion and Post-Conditioning

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. La Barck ◽  
Jennifer E. Akers ◽  
Thomas L. Merrill
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Area At Risk

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Ischemic heart disease occurs when coronary blood flow to the heart is reduced, limiting the amount of oxygen and nutrients the heart receives. When blood flow is restored after a percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention (PCI), rapid reperfusion from sudden balloon deflation can cause further injury to oxygen-starved tissue, leading to increased cell injury and cell death. Studies in animal models with ischemic heart disease have shown that reperfusion injury may account for up to 50% of the final infarct size [1]. Post-conditioning (PC) may reduce the amount of reperfusion injury by applying intermittent periods of ischemia during the early moments of reperfusion. This procedure periodically occludes blood vessels during reperfusion by periodically inflating and deflating an angioplasty balloon according to a specific algorithm. Zhao et al. showed that PC reduced reperfusion injury in a canine model by applying 3 cycles of 30 seconds of reperfusion followed by 30 seconds of ischemia (re-occlusion) at the onset of reperfusion. PC in this study reduced tissue AN/AAR (area of necrosis/area at risk) by 48% [2]. In 2008, Gao et al. demonstrated that the effectiveness of PC in rats was dependent on the number of cycles in the PC algorithm, as well as the durations of the ischemia/reperfusion phases [3].

scholarly journals Targeting Ferroptosis against Ischemia/Reperfusion Cardiac Injury

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
José Lillo-Moya ◽  
Catalina Rojas-Solé ◽  
Diego Muñoz-Salamanca ◽  
Emiliano Panieri ◽  
Luciano Saso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Myocardial Infarct ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Myocardial Infarct Size

Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. Primarily, ischemia causes decreased oxygen supply, resulting in damage of the cardiac tissue. Naturally, reoxygenation has been recognized as the treatment of choice to recover blood flow through primary percutaneous coronary intervention. This treatment is the gold standard therapy to restore blood flow, but paradoxically it can also induce tissue injury. A number of different studies in animal models of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) suggest that ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) accounts for up to 50% of the final myocardial infarct size. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathological process. Iron is an essential mineral required for a variety of vital biological functions but also has potentially toxic effects. A detrimental process induced by free iron is ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic type of programmed cell death. Accordingly, efforts to prevent ferroptosis in pathological settings have focused on the use of radical trapping antioxidants (RTAs), such as liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1). Hence, it is necessary to develop novel strategies to prevent cardiac IRI, thus improving the clinical outcome in patients with ischemic heart disease. The present review analyses the role of ferroptosis inhibition to prevent heart IRI, with special reference to Lip-1 as a promising drug in this clinicopathological context.

scholarly journals Botanical Flavonoids on Coronary Heart Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
pp. 661-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-Zhi Wang ◽  
Sangeeta R. Mehendale ◽  
Tyler Calway ◽  
Chun-Su Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Care Costs

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the leading causes of death in Western countries. Prevention rather than treatment of heart disease can significantly improve patients' quality of life and reduce health care costs. Flavonoids are widely distributed in vegetables, fruits and herbal medicines. Regularly consuming botanicals, especially those containing flavonoids, has been associated with a reduction in cardiovascualar disease; thus, it is important to investigate how flavonoids improve cardiac resistance to heart disease and their related mechanisms of action. It has been shown that cardiomyocyte injury and death can result from ischemia-reperfusion, which is pathognomonic of ischemic heart disease. Massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) release at the onset of reperfusion produces cell injury and death. "Programming" the heart to either generate less ROS or to increase strategic ROS removal could reduce reperfusion response. Additionally, profuse nitric oxide (NO) release at reperfusion could be protective in "preconditioning" models. Botanical flavonoids induce preconditioning of the heart, thereby protecting against ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this article, we will discuss two herbs containing potent flavonoids, Scutellaria baicalensis and grape seed proanthocyanidin, which can potentially offer cardiac protection against ischemic heart disease.

scholarly journals The mechanism of miR-525-5p derived from hypoxia and reoxygenation in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Xin Mei ◽  
Song Ronggang ◽  
Meng Hongyan ◽  
Wei Xinfen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
H9c2 Cells ◽  
H9c2 Cardiomyocytes

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) which leads to patients a poor progression. According to Pubmed Datasets, we analyzed different gene and mRNA expressions in IHD patients with IRI. The relevant mRNA expression detected in H9C2 cells undergo hypoxia and reoxygenation, we selected and structured miR-525-5p gene mutation H9C2 cells, the results performed miR-525-5p mutated restored H9C2 metabolism of mitochondria which detected by relevant genes and proteins. At the same time, miR-525-5p silence resisted hypoxia and reoxygenation induced H9C2 cells apoptosis. All the results indicated miR-525-5p maybe protect H9C2 cells without hypoxia and reoxygenation induced injury through regulating the mitochondria metabolism.

Flow Measurement in Stented Left Coronary Artery Models

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kensuke Ono ◽  
Ken Yamamoto ◽  
Takahiro Tsukahara ◽  
Masahiro Motosuke ◽  
Hiroyoshi Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Generic Term

Abstract Ischemic heart disease, a generic term for angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, is caused by blood flow failure due to a lesion generated in the coronary artery of the heart. Because the ischemic heart disease causes fatal problems, a stent placement technique called the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is frequently performed to expand coarctated arteries to recover the function. However, although the PCI technique is a less-invasive technique, there is a risk of complications such as stent thrombosis and restenosis due to the placed stent. In order to understand the cause and the mechanism of the complications, effects of the stent placement and the stent shape on the blood flow is experimentally investigated. Silicone left coronary artery models were prepared to perform particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) and calculated the wall shear stress (WSS). The measurement results show that the flow structure and the WSS are changed depending on the deformation of the stent and the location of the placed stent.

scholarly journals From Brain to Heart: Possible Role of Amyloid-β in Ischemic Heart Disease and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9655
Author(s):  
Giulia Gagno ◽  
Federico Ferro ◽  
Alessandra Lucia Fluca ◽  
Milijana Janjusevic ◽  
Maddalena Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is among the leading causes of death in developed countries. Its pathological origin is traced back to coronary atherosclerosis, a lipid-driven immuno-inflammatory disease of the arteries that leads to multifocal plaque development. The primary clinical manifestation of IHD is acute myocardial infarction (AMI),) whose prognosis is ameliorated with optimal timing of revascularization. Paradoxically, myocardium re-perfusion can be detrimental because of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), an oxidative-driven process that damages other organs. Amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a physiological role in the central nervous system (CNS). Alterations in its synthesis, concentration and clearance have been connected to several pathologies, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Aβ has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of IHD and cerebral IRI. The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known about the pathological role of Aβ in the CNS; starting from this evidence, we will illustrate the role played by Aβ in the development of coronary atherosclerosis and its possible implications in the pathophysiology of IHD and myocardial IRI. Better elucidation of Aβ’s contribution to the molecular pathways underlying IHD and IRI could be of great help in developing new therapeutic strategies.

Abstract TP197: Countries With an Inverse Ratio of Ischemic Stroke and Ischemic Heart Disease- Analysis of Global Burden of Disease Data

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Talha Jilani ◽  
Iryna Lobanova ◽  
Brandi R French ◽  
Farhan Siddiq ◽  
Camilo R Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Samoa ◽  
Marshall Islands ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden

Background: Ischemic heart disease is more prevalent than ischemic stroke in most countries, including the United States; however, recent data suggests that ischemic stroke may be more prevalent in some countries. We performed this study to identify the countries with an inverse ratio of ischemic stroke and ischemic heart disease and associated attributes. Methods: We analyzed the data using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) website; GBD Compare tool published by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Seattle, Washington for the year 2017. We categorized individual 195 countries based on the ratio of ischemic stroke/ischemic heart disease and divided them into ≥1.0, 0,5-99, and <0.5. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita for each country was calculated using data from Worldometers. Results: There were 51, 125, and 19 countries with the ratio of ischemic stroke/ischemic heart disease and divided them into ≤0.5, 0.5-0.99, and ≥1.0 respectively (see Table). The range of ratio was between 0.24 and 1.86. Countries with inverse ratio included China (1.86), North Korea (1.31), Guam (1.28), Taiwan (1.20), Marshall Islands (1.15), Timor-Leste (1.16), South Korea (1.13), Seychelles (1.11), Northern Mariana Islands (1.10), Cambodia (1.09), Federated States of Micronesia (1.08), American Samoa (1.07), Samoa (1.06), Kiribati (1.04), Solomon Islands (1.03), Fiji (1.02), Indonesia (1.02), Mauritius (1.01), and Vanuatu (1.00). Conclusions: Approximately 1 out of 10 countries have an inverse ratio of ischemic stroke / ischemic heart disease incidences. The inverse ratio is predominantly driven by a lower incidence of ischemic heart disease.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE INTERNAL PICTURE OF HEALTH IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN PRESENTING WITHOUT ST-SEGMENT AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS AND IN THE PROCESS OF REHABILITATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Roksolana Nesterak
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
St Segment

Ischemic heart disease remains an actual problem of modern clinical and rehabilitation medicine. One of the forms of ischemic heart disease (IHD) is an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment, the treatment of which involves the use of conservative treatment and reperfusion techniques. An integral part of the management of patients after acute coronary syndrome is rehabilitation and restoration with the search for methods of changing the attitude of the patient to his health. To improve the rehabilitation of patients it is important to assess the internal picture of health with the formation of the correct attitude of the patient to his health. Aim. To study the peculiarities of the components of the internal picture of health in patients with acute coronary syndrome in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment in the process of treatment and rehabilitation. Materials and methods. There were examined 135 patients with ACS presenting without persistent ST-segment, who were divided into the groups depending on the treatment performed; 60 patients with conservative treatment tactics and 75 patients with the performed PCI. The analysis of the internal picture of health was carried out with the help of methods: hospital scale for the detection of anxiety and depression (HADS); patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9); scale for measuring the level of reactive (situational) and personality anxiety of Spielberg-Hanin; SF-36; indicators of the Seattle Quality of Life Questionnaire for Patients with Angine Pectoris (Seattle Angina Questionnaire - SAQ). Results. The study of the internal picture of health in patients with ACS presenting without persistent ST-segment showed low levels of emotional, sensory, cognitive, value-motivational, behavioral components on the appropriate scales, which also depend on the method of treatment used. The revealed peculiarities of patients with ACS presenting without persistent ST-segment need to increase the knowledge of the patient about the disease and the importance of rehabilitation measures. Conclusions. In assessment of the internal picture of health in patients with ACS presenting without persistent ST-segment after transcutaneous coronary intervention and in the process of rehabilitation, it has been determined that the course of ischemic heart disease in patients with ACS presenting without persistent ST-segment, both during conservative treatment and in the course of PCI at the stages of rehabilitation, is accompanied by significant changes of the internal picture of health (IPH); the most significant changes in patients with ACS presenting without persistent ST-segment is the value-motivational and behavioral components of the internal picture of health. In order to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation after ACS, it is advisable to apply programs that will significantly affect the positive changes in the rehabilitation of patients with ACS.

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