Disrupting the Metallics Domain in Pressure Vessel and Piping Manufacture-Advanced Manufacturing in the Oil and Gas Sector

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gerard Rafferty ◽  
David Gill ◽  
Ravi Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Metallic Component ◽  
Traditional Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

Traditional design and supply chain processes have created well established approaches to the manufacture of metallic engineering products in the Oil and Gas sector. Normative references such as API 6A (Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment) and API 17D (Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems - Subsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment), as well as national and company-based specifications and requirements (e.g., Brazilian norm NBR 15827 “Industrial Valves for Installations of Exploration, Production, Refining and Transport of Petrol Products - Requirements for Design and Prototype Test” and Chevron specification SSM - PU - 54.02 - A “Qualification Testing of Subsea Equipment”) and the ASME body of pressure vessel code requirements and derived specifications, are largely predicated on traditional design and supply assumptions with respect to metallic materials and components. The further challenge of recovering oil from deepwater basins has generated initiatives such as “Project 20K”, BP’s project to develop, with programme collaborators, the capability to drill, complete, produce and intervene in deepwater reservoirs with pressures of 20,000 psi at the mudline and temperatures up to 350°F (175°C). Here again, design and supply assumptions to date are predicated on traditional design and supply assumptions for metallic materials and components. Notwithstanding the progress being achieved in meeting performance requirements in these and similar programmes, a global paradigm change is underway in respect of the accelerating front of advanced manufacturing. This has been seen especially in the aerospace and aviation sectors, but significantly less so in the Oil and Gas sector. This paper will contribute to addressing this imbalance by presenting work being done by a major subsea equipment supplier to engage with the challenges of this disruptive manufacturing technology. Specifically, the paper will present the holistic approach and results of innovative work being done in the advanced manufacturing of a subsea metallic component using welding arc additive techniques. The work presented will review and evaluate the impact of this manufacturing technology on the core metallic component domains of Metallurgy, Welding Engineering and NDE, utilizing a robotic system for manufacturing the component. The paper directly contributes, therefore, to the emerging roadmap for advanced manufacturing of metallic components in the Oil and Gas sector.

The Impact of Advanced Manufacturing Technology on a Mature Industry

1986 ◽  
Vol 200 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
G R Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Tube Output ◽  
Manufacturing Competitiveness ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

TI Group plc is the largest private sector tube-maker in the UK. Group companies manufacture specialist and bearing tube as well as commodity welded and cold-drawn carbon seamless tube. A substantial proportion of tube output is exported from the UK. Continuing competitive pressures and the changing nature of demand from both home and export markets are forcing reappraisal of TI Group's approach to tube manufacture. TI Group sees the maintenance of manufacturing competitiveness as a key element of securing a profitable future, and policy now requires operating subsidiaries to give full weight to manufacturing considerations when formulating their business strategies. Against this background, TI Group tube manufacturing companies are devising plans and making fundamental changes to apply advanced manufacturing technology to their processes and manufacturing control systems so as to give a more flexible response to market demand whilst achieving further cost reductions.

Numerical Prediction of MODUs Drift During Hurricane Katrina

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galin Tahchiev ◽  
Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Steady Motion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Wave Drift Damping ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
The Impact

During severe hurricanes, such as Katrina, the mooring system of a number of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODUs) in the Gulf of Mexico failed. Drifting MODUs may potentially damage other critical elements of the offshore oil and gas infrastructure by colliding with floating or fixed production systems and transportation hubs, or by rupturing pipelines owing to their dragging anchors over the seabed. To avoid or mitigate the damage caused by a drifted MODU, it is desirable to understand the mechanics of the drift of a MODU under the impact of severe wind, wave and current and have the capability of predicting the trajectory of the drift. To explore the feasibility and accuracy of predicting the trajectory of a drifting MODU based on real-time or hindcast met-ocean conditions and limited knowledge of the condition of the drifting MODU, this study employed a simplified equation describing only the horizontal (surge, sway and yaw) motions of a MODU under the impact of steady wind, current and wave forces. The simplified hydrodynamic model neglects the first- and second-order oscillatory wave forces, unsteady wind forces (owing to wind gustiness), wave drift damping, and the effects of the body oscillation on the steady wind and current forces. It was assumed that the net effects of the oscillatory forces on the steady motion are insignificant. To verify the accuracy and feasibility of our simplified approach, the predicted drifts of two MODUs were compared with the corresponding measured trajectories recorded by the Global Positioning System (GPS).

scholarly journals Carbon intensity of oil and gas production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omran Al-Kuwari ◽  
Dan Welsby ◽  
Baltazar Solano Rodriguez ◽  
Steve Pye ◽  
Paul Ekins
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Climate Targets ◽  
Future Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

Abstract This report focuses on reviewing the types of carbon intensity metrics, and the use of such metrics across the oil and gas sector, to monitor progress towards transitioning away from fossil fuel production. Producers are under pressure to respond to challenging conditions resulting from increasing climate policy, tightening markets and a move away by investors. A number of commentators are suggesting that production may have peaked, given these emerging trends, and the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic.From a combination of review and modelling, this report provides some key insights on carbon intensity metrics and the impact of different carbon intensities on future production, which are pertinent to the future strategies of the oil and gas sector -·Narrow-scoped metrics that only include upstream emissions are insufficient for producers reporting on progress towards climate goals. The carbon intensity of the final product also needs to be considered, given that it is increasingly subject to increased demand-side policy e.g. in relation to carbon pricing, bans on the sale of internal combustion engines (ICEs) etc.·Given that climate targets are expressed in absolute terms, the relative measure of progress provided by carbon intensity metrics is insufficient to guide progress towards net-zero emissions. As shown by the modelling, there is a significant decline in the levels of production permitted under climate targets by 2050. ·Given the need for diversification, metrics that account for scope 3 emissions will be important, to help monitor the transformation away from oil and gas. As discussed in this report, a number of IOCs appear to be making small steps in this direction, although their key business focus very much remains on oil & gas. As the IEA (2020a) has reported, less than 1% of capital expenditure is being spent outside of core business areas.·However, cleaner operations are also important. Therefore, scope 1&2 metrics are still useful for minimising upstream emissions. The modelling highlights the impact for example of high carbon intensity gas resources (due to methane emissions) on their production levels. Unconventional resources, which tend to require more energy input per unit of extraction, and are more costly, appear unlikely to be exploited in our Paris-aligned case.·Any assertion that higher carbon intensity production upstream can be offset by lower emissions downstream (e.g. via higher vehicle efficiency standards) is not supported by the modelling. This is particularly the case where these oil products are exported abroad to regions with low efficiency forms of transportation/limited environmental regulation.·National oil companies (NOCs) have more potential to achieve emission reduction from operational emissions, although the incentives to do so might be lower (with far less scrutiny and reporting). Diversification is also likely to be more of a challenge for NOCs, due to the reliance of public budgets on revenues gained. However, a number of high-producing countries are vigorously exploring diversification strategies. Such strategies could include massively increasing support for renewable industries, and focusing on areas such as hydrogen production and CCS applications.·For the large NOC producers, with the lowest-cost conventional reserves, it is likely that they may be able to continue producing for the longest time, as climate policy stringency increases. However, given that NOCs hold the largest reserves, risks of stranding will be greater in absolute terms.

scholarly journals Russian companies in the international oil and gas business: innovative vector of development

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Lavrov ◽  
Boris G. Dyakin
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector ◽  
Fuel And Energy Sector

The paper deals with the problems, the resolution of which determines the specificity, direction and validity of the optimal positioning of Russian industry companies in the international business in the oil and gas sector. The driving force of this process is the use of the advantages of international business for scientific and technical re-equipment of the oil and gas sector of the Russian fuel and energy sector. The productive use of profiling capabilities implies a mutually beneficial transfer of technologies, localization of production of modern equipment in Russia in cooperation with global manufacturers and expansion of access to the world markets of natural and produced assets of hydrocarbon origin. The conclusion reached by the authors is that the identified areas and the nature of the impact of the increased involvement of Russian participants in the international oil and gas business contribute to their competitive advantages.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COMMUNITY AND INFRASTRUCTURAL ISSUES ON OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF OIL AND GAS ORGANIZATIONS IN KENYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mobutu ◽  
Joyce Nzulwa ◽  
Joyce Nzulwa
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Theory Of Constraints ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The study investigated effect of community and infrastructural issues on operational efficiency of oil and gas organizations in Kenya Methodology: This study applied descriptive research design and employ exploratory research to explore the variables. The population of interest in this study comprised of 37 selected entities involved in exploration. The 37 entities formed the study units from which respondents were drawn from community liaison, management, operations, quality and security departments giving a target population of 148 respondent. Findings: Results indicated the significant and challenging issues faced by exploration organizations are diverse and dispersed in their nature. The exploration organizations have to face the risks whether they emanate internally or externally as they operate or envision to operate in Kenya. Unique Contribution to Theory Practice and Policy: The study points out that organizational changes should be based on reducing the impact of risk factors and is in line with the postulates of theory of constraints theory that drove this study. This theory is general and useful only as a technique for scheduling intermittent production systems to make operations lean. Operational managers need to visit research papers to ascertain what the contributors to their performance metrics are.

From hydrocarbons to electrons: creating new opportunities for the oil and gas sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Bernadette Cullinane ◽  
Michael Wood ◽  
Barry Ladbrook
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector ◽  
Rapid Emergence ◽  
Lower Carbon

Today’s energy and resources companies must address many challenges to their traditional business models including the rapid emergence of available and economic renewable energy sources, ever tightening greenhouse gas emission policies and increased stakeholder expectations around transparency. While there is uncertainty regarding the impact of these developments, enormous opportunity exists for companies to forge pathways to a decarbonised future while at the same time creating new markets, products and services and increasing revenues. Several leading Australian resources companies have recently embarked on programs to transition to a lower carbon and more diversified energy portfolio. These initiatives focus on integrating alternative forms of energy across value chains, making energy consumers central to their business models and increasing energy security for their companies and the country. This paper discusses the drivers underlying these challenges, draws on case studies of how oil and gas companies are managing their journey, considers the impact such programs on the companies’ financial and operational performance and outline some implications and possible approaches.

CASE STUDIES OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION IN SMALL COMPANIES

2006 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 149-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW T. WALTERS ◽  
HUW MILLWARD ◽  
ALAN LEWIS
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
External Support ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Issues of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) implementation have been extensively covered in the literature in regard to large companies; however, exclusive examination of the impact of AMT on small companies remains under researched. This examination of ten case study companies demonstrates the potential benefits of AMT use, as each of the companies achieved positive outcomes from AMT. However, the benefits achieved did not always meet the companies' expectations. Analysis of the experiences of the companies indicates the importance of considering the impact of AMT output on the manufacturing process, the levels of pre-existing AMT experience and the availability of external support mechanisms.

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