Full Scale Blasting Test and Finite Element Analysis of Nozzle Repair Pipeline

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Wu ◽  
Jian Shuai
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Axial Deformation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines

Nozzle repair is one of the common repair methods for oil and gas pipelines. As a means to test the applicability of the pipeline, the pressure test is widely used in the integrity evaluation of oil and gas pipelines. To avoid possible failure accidents of nozzle repair pipeline, hydrostatic burst tests were performed. The finite element model of the pipeline was established. The effects of nozzle diameter and nozzle wall thickness parameters on the stress-strain response of the nozzle repair pipeline were discussed. The results show that the yield stress of the specimen is about 11.2MPa, and the blasting pressure is 12.9MPa. Due to the effect of nozzle structure, the change of strain for each point with the internal pressure is inconsistent. The ratio of axial strain to circumferential strain decreases with the increase of pressure, which shows that the yield mainly occurs in the hoop direction, and the axial deformation increases with the increase of the pressure. Under the condition of the_constant wall thickness, the stress distribution of pipeline is uniform and the yield pressure increases with the decrease of nozzle diameter. The smaller the nozzle diameter, the better the bearing capacity. The selection for the wall thickness of nozzle should be greater than or equal to the thickness of the pipe wall.

Pipeline Dent Management Program

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Ironside ◽  
L. Blair Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Past

Enbridge Pipelines Inc. operates the world’s longest and most complex liquids pipeline network. As part of Enbridge’s Integrity Management Program In-Line Inspections have been and will continue to be conducted on more than 15,000 km of pipeline. The Inspection Programs have included using the most technologically advanced geometry tools in the world to detect geometrical discontinuities such as ovality, dents, and buckles. During the past number of years, Enbridge Pipelines Inc. has been involved in developing a method of evaluating the suitability of dents in pipelines for continued service. The majority of the work involved the development of a method of modeling the stresses within a dent using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The development and validation of this model was completed by Fleet Technology Limited (FTL) through several projects sponsored by Enbridge, which included field trials and comparisons to previously published data. This model combined with proven fracture mechanics theory provides a method of determining a predicted life of a dent based on either the past or future operating conditions of the pipeline. CSA Standard Z662 – Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems provides criteria for the acceptability of dents for continued service. There have been occurrences, however, where dents that meet the CSA acceptability criteria have experienced failure. The dent model is being used to help define shape characteristics in addition to dent depth, the only shape factor considered by CSA, which contribute to dent failure. The dent model has also been utilized to validate the accuracy of current In-Line Inspection techniques. Typically a dent will lose some of its shape as the overburden is lifted from the pipeline and after the indentor is removed. Often there can be a dramatic “re-rounding” that will occur. The work included comparing the re-rounded dent shapes from a Finite Element model simulating the removal of the constraint on the pipe to the measured dent profile from a mold of the dent taken in the field after it has been excavated. This provided a measure of the accuracy of the tool. This paper will provide an overview of Enbridge’s dent management program, a description of the dent selection process for the excavation program, and a detailed review of the ILI validation work.

scholarly journals On the Adequacy of Shell Models for Predicting Stresses and Strains in Thick-Walled Tubes Subjected to Detonation Loading

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal P. Bitter ◽  
Joseph E. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Shell Model ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Shell Models ◽  
Axial Curvature ◽  
Detonation Loading

This paper analyzes the adequacy of shell models for predicting stresses and strains in thick-walled tubes subjected to detonation loads. Of particular interest are the large axial strains which are produced at the inner and outer surfaces of the tube due to bending along the tube axis. First, comparisons between simple shell theory and a static finite element model are used to show that the axial strain varies proportionally with wall thickness and inversely with the square of the axial wavelength. For small wavelengths, this comparison demonstrates nonlinear behavior and a breakdown of the shell model. Second, a dynamic finite element model is used to evaluate the performance of transient shell equations. This comparison is used to quantify the error of the shell model with increasing wall thickness and show that shell models can be inaccurate near the load front where the axial curvature is high. Finally, the results of these analyses are used to show that the large axial strains which are sometimes observed in experiments cannot be attributed to through-wall bending and appear to be caused instead by non-ideal conditions present in the experiments.

External high-pressure forming of metal spiral tube of equal wall thickness

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440892096778
Author(s):  
Changshuai Shi ◽  
Jinping Li ◽  
Juan Deng ◽  
Xiaohua Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Element Model ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Spiral Tube ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Tensile Experiment

Positive displacement motors are widely used underground power tools in oil and gas extraction. In order to solve the problems of the short life of the conventional positive displacement motor and the difficulty of machining the constant wall positive displacement motor, this paper proposes a metal bush stator. Based on theoretical analysis and tensile experiment of 304 stainless steel, a finite element model of an external high-pressure forming equal-wall-thickness metal spiral tube was established. The finite element method is used to study the external high pressure forming spiral tube with equal wall thickness. According to the results of the numerical simulation, we choose the tube blank with the inner diameter of 88 mm×the wall thickness of 3 mm for the experiment of external high pressure forming spiral tube. The result of the experiment is that the inner and outer surfaces of the metal spiral tube are smooth, and the spiral tube has no wrinkles or cracks. The maximum gap between the spiral tube and the mold is 0.12 mm, and the inner surface of the spiral tube is close to the mold. The maximum gap are at the transition of convex arc and concave arc. The minimum wall thickness and the maximum wall thickness of the spiral tube are 2.6 mm and 3.205 mm, respectively. The quality of the spiral tube is better when the inner circumference length of the tube (D2)/the contour line circumference (D1) of the mold is 0.974. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results. We have designed an assembled mold, which can be removed smoothly after the experiment. The research results of this paper have important engineering significance for improving the working performance of positive displacement motors.

Pipeline In-Line Inspection Enhancement Opportunities

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie L. Asher ◽  
Justin M. Crapps
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Primary Methods ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines

Pipeline in-line inspections (ILI) are one of the primary methods used to assess the integrity of operating oil and gas pipelines. These inspections can be complicated to conduct due to a variety of reasons ranging from operational limits (high/low flow velocity, wall thickness, pipeline extreme depth or pressure, etc.) to limits inherent to the inspection technology. Often these complexities are overcome with tools customized to a specific pipeline. Although this has been effective for singular pipeline inspections, a more industry-wide approach should be considered to develop broader solutions. This paper discusses the opportunities to enhance ILI and suggests a ranking of priorities for technology development.

Development of Finite Element Analysis Model for Plug Mill Rolling

2014 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 899-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Katsumura ◽  
Kazutoshi Ishikawa ◽  
Atsushi Matsumoto ◽  
Shunsuke Sasaki ◽  
Yasushi Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Target Thickness ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element Analysis Model

In the seamless pipe rolling process, the pipe wall thickness is largely determined at the mandrel mill or plug mill. It is possible to obtain the target thickness at these mills by defining the gap of a grooved roll and an inside tool such as a plug. However, the thickness of the free deformation part, which is not in contact with the roll and tool, had generally been estimated by experimental techniques. Although a number of analytical studies of mandrel mill rolling had been reported, few reports had examined plug mill rolling. Therefore, in this research, a finite element analysis model for plug mill rolling was developed by extending the rigid plasticity finite element model "Computational Rolling Mill (CORMILL)." Good agreement between the calculated results and experimental results was obtained for the wall thickness, and it was found that the thickness of the flange part decreases with reduction of the wall thickness at the grooved bottom. These results suggested that the wall thickness distribution of rolled pipes can be controlled by using a suitable inside tool and roll shape in each rolling pass, and the necessary shapes can be obtained by using the newly-developed model.

КОНСТРУКТИВНО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ХВОСТО-ВИХ БАЛОК СІТЧАСТОГО ТИПУ З ПОЛІМЕРНИХ КОМПО-ЗИЦІЙНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ ВЕРТОЛЬОТІВ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
А. Г. Гребеников ◽  
И. В. Малков ◽  
В. А. Урбанович ◽  
Н. И. Москаленко ◽  
Д. С. Колодийчик
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Metal Structure ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mesh Structure ◽  
Stress Strain State ◽  
Mesh Structures

The analysis of the design and technological features of the tail boom (ТB) of a helicopter made of polymer composite materials (PCM) is carried out.Three structural and technological concepts are distinguished - semi-monocoque (reinforced metal structure), monocoque (three-layer structure) and mesh-type structure. The high weight and economic efficiency of mesh structures is shown, which allows them to be used in aerospace engineering. The physicomechanical characteristics of the network structures are estimated and their uniqueness is shown. The use of mesh structures can reduce the weight of the product by a factor of two or more.The stress-strain state (SSS) of the proposed tail boom design is determined. The analysis of methods for calculating the characteristics of the total SSS of conical mesh shells is carried out. The design of the tail boom is presented, the design diagram of the tail boom of the transport category rotorcraft is developed. A finite element model was created using the Siemens NX 7.5 system. The calculation of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the HC of the helicopter was carried out on the basis of the developed structural scheme using the Advanced Simulation module of the Siemens NX 7.5 system. The main zones of probable fatigue failure of tail booms are determined. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) provides a theoretical basis for design decisions.Shown is the effect of the type of technological process selected for the production of the tail boom on the strength of the HB structure. The stability of the characteristics of the PCM tail boom largely depends on the extent to which its design is suitable for the use of mechanized and automated production processes.A method for the manufacture of a helicopter tail boom from PCM by the automated winding method is proposed. A variant of computer modeling of the tail boom of a mesh structure made of PCM is shown.The automated winding technology can be recommended for implementation in the design of the composite tail boom of the Mi-2 and Mi-8 helicopters.

Torsional Analysis of a Steel Cord-Rubber Tire Belt Structure

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. V. Pidaparti
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rubber Belt ◽  
Steel Cord ◽  
Torsional Analysis

Abstract A three-dimensional (3D) beam finite element model was developed to investigate the torsional stiffness of a twisted steel-reinforced cord-rubber belt structure. The present 3D beam element takes into account the coupled extension, bending, and twisting deformations characteristic of the complex behavior of cord-rubber composite structures. The extension-twisting coupling due to the twisted nature of the cords was also considered in the finite element model. The results of torsional stiffness obtained from the finite element analysis for twisted cords and the two-ply steel cord-rubber belt structure are compared to the experimental data and other alternate solutions available in the literature. The effects of cord orientation, anisotropy, and rubber core surrounding the twisted cords on the torsional stiffness properties are presented and discussed.

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