Risk Based Inspection (RBI) Technology in the Application of Syngas-Purification Units

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Li ◽  
Zhengxiang Wang ◽  
Junke Miao ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Corrosion Failure ◽  
On Line ◽  
Purification Unit ◽  
Gasification Reaction ◽  
Purification Equipment

In recent years, the coal chemical industry project which can replace the petrochemical products is an investment hot spot. The Syngas-purification Unit is a main part of the coal chemical industry. Its role is: purify the syngas obtained from the gasification reaction (absorb the hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide). Yet, there is no research and the summary about the corrosion, failure mechanism and risk level of this unit. In this paper, the syngas-purification equipment of Sinopec Qilu Corporation were quantified by RBI analysis, and investigated the corrosion of the syngas-purification equipment, and discussed the device typical failure mechanism, and proposed the recommendations of the corrosion and on-line monitoring, etc. In last few years, the production of clean energy and alternative oil chemical products from the new coal chemical projects become of great interest[1]. Because the purification of the syngas is necessary, the syngas-purification unit is one of the main equipment of coal chemical industry. In the country, there is no systematic study or summary about the corrosion, failure mechanism and risk level of the device. The RBI analysis of the Syngas-purification unit is necessary, and has some guiding significance for the routine maintenance and periodic inspection of the device. This paper introduces the corrosion and the typical failure mechanism of Syngas-purification unit followed by the risk assessment results. Then the paper puts forward the suggestion on line monitoring.

Application of Lock-in Thermography on PCB for Fault Localization and Validation of Failure Mechanism Due to External Discrete Component Variation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ng ◽  
Kevin Weaver ◽  
Zachary Gemmill ◽  
Herve Deslandes ◽  
Rudolf Schlangen
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Discrete Component ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Thermal Signature ◽  
Lock In

Abstract This paper demonstrates the use of a real time lock-in thermography (LIT) system to non-destructively characterize thermal events prior to the failing of an integrated circuit (IC) device. A case study using a packaged IC mounted on printed circuit board (PCB) is presented. The result validated the failing model by observing the thermal signature on the package. Subsequent analysis from the backside of the IC identified a hot spot in internal circuitry sensitive to varying value of external discrete component (inductor) on PCB.

Hot corrosion failure mechanism of graphite materials in molten solar salt

2015 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-tao Xu ◽  
Tian-dong Xia ◽  
Wan-ping Wang ◽  
Gui-lan Zhang ◽  
Bao-lin Jia
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Hot Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Failure ◽  
Solar Salt

scholarly journals Applied catalysis for sustainable development of chemical industry in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaiku Xie ◽  
Zhicheng Liu ◽  
Yangdong Wang ◽  
Zhonghao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Molecular Diffusion ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Applied Catalysis

Abstract Progressing green chemical technologies is significant to the sustainable development of chemical industry in China, as the energy and environment problems increasingly became great challenges to the whole society. The scientific connotation of sustainable energy chemical engineering can be generalized as green carbon/hydrogen science which means optimization of carbon/hydrogen atom economics based on high efficient catalysis and low-carbon emission. This review illustrated recent advances in developing sustainable technologies for applied catalysis in chemical industry of China, including the fields of high efficient conversion of heavy oil, green petrochemical catalytic technologies, clean utilization of coal and natural gas, promoting sustainable resources and clean energy, etc. Moreover, from the view of industrial point, some important common scientific problems were discussed and summarized, such as the relation between molecular diffusion and catalyzing efficiency, homogeneous catalysis in heterogeneous catalysts, in situ or operando characterization of industrial catalysis, etc., aiming to supplying a forward roadmap to academia and/or industry.

Real-Time Temperature On-Line Monitoring and Analysis System for Transformers

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 409-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Bo Chen ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Xu Ri Sun ◽  
Ge Hao Sheng ◽  
Xiu Chen Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Load Ratio ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Insulation Aging ◽  
On Line ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Operation Status ◽  
Process Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Spot Temperature

The safe operation of power transformers mainly depends on proper functioning of insulation, whose status is revealed by temperatures. Applying ZigBee wireless network, a real-time temperature on-line monitoring and analysis system is developed to view the operation status of underground distribution transformers and process fault diagnosis. Furthermore, using the top-oil and hot-spot temperature calculation method in IEEE Std C57.91-1995, the system can compute a prediction of those temperatures with current load ratio and ambient temperature. System will display early warnings if temperatures are much higher than expected ones, in which way insulation aging can be handled in advance. Insulation fault and big disasters will be prevented.

Discussion on the Interference Phenomenon of Multiple Failure Mechanisms and Determination of Dominant Failure Mechanism for Pressure Equipments

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Xuedong ◽  
Ai Zhibin ◽  
Li Rongrong ◽  
Fan Zhichao ◽  
Xu Shuangqing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Intergranular Stress Corrosion ◽  
Interference Phenomenon ◽  
Corrosion Failure ◽  
Media Environment

For petrochemical pressure vessels subjected to complex media environment, the competition, inhibition, promotion and interference of multiple failure mechanisms have been discussed by several failure case analyses and experimental investigation. The main factors that influence formation of dominant failure mechanism are analyzed and the judgment principles of the dominant failure mechanism are raised in the case of interaction of multiple failure mechanisms. In this paper, relevant mechanisms are also discussed, e.g. intergranular corrosion and intergranular stress corrosion failure mechanisms of austenitic stainless steel, failure mechanisms of austenitic stainless steel when Cl− and alkaline environment exist concurrently and failure mechanism of austenitic stainless steel when medium such as Cl−, CO2, H2S, H2O, etc. exist concurrently.

Electrochemical corrosion failure mechanism of M152 steel under a salt-spray environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1183-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Yi ◽  
Kui Xiao ◽  
Kang-kang Ding ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Li-dan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Failure

An Adaptive Smart Sensor Network for Overhead Lines Thermal Rating Prediction

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Vaccaro ◽  
Domenico Villacci
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Smart Sensor ◽  
Overhead Lines ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
On Line

The need for dynamic loading of overhead lines requires reliable assessment tools that should be able to predict both the evolution of the hot-spot temperature and the associated maximum allowed duration, at any load level and on the basis of the actual conductor thermal state and environmental conditions. In order to address this problem, the paper proposes the employment of a smart sensor network distributed along the line route. Each network's node, starting from on-line measurements, assesses, by an indirect method of parameter identification, the value of the main variables which regulate the heat exchange between the conductor and its surrounding. Then, starting from these data, each node calculates the load capability curve by solving iteratively a built in dynamic thermal model and transmits the results to a central server by a cooperative based communication paradigm. To assess the performances of the proposed solution, experimental studies obtained on a laboratory overhead line are presented and discussed.

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