The Design of Supercritical Liquid Pipe for Organic Material Treatment

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Iyama ◽  
K. Raghukandan ◽  
Shigeru Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Oil Shock ◽  
Supercritical Treatment ◽  
Welding Technique

The supercritical liquid discovered in 1821, the specific character was known for many years. However, it began to be used industrially in Japan after the oil shock of the second half of the 1970s. Development of the process which extracts the high ingredient of added value focusing on fields, such as food and medical supplies, using the super-criticality CO2 was furthered at first in Germany. The supercritical water attracts attention with a rise of the concern of the latest resources problem or an environmental problem. Moreover, the process development such as recycling, decomposition of dioxin and PCB and oilizing and monomerizing of a waste plastic have been active. In recent years, use of the woody biomass is briskly performed on Europe. Since there is the woody biomass abundantly, it tends to go into a hand. In this paper, the supercritical liquid is described briefly. Next, the experiment of supercritical treatment of wood is described. And finally, we proposed using the explosive welding technique for the development of pressure vessel and performed the numerical simulation.

scholarly journals How We Care for an Older Patient With Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Shahrokni ◽  
Soo Jung Kim ◽  
George J. Bosl ◽  
Beatriz Korc-Grodzicki
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Models ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Older Patient ◽  
Improve Patient Survival ◽  
Patients With Cancer

As the number of older patients with cancer is increasing, oncology disciplines are faced with the challenge of managing patients with multiple chronic conditions who have difficulty maintaining independence, who may have cognitive impairment, and who also may be more vulnerable to adverse outcomes. National and international societies have recommended that all older patients with cancer undergo geriatric assessment (GA) to detect unaddressed problems and introduce interventions to augment functional status to possibly improve patient survival. Several predictive models have been developed, and evidence has shown correlation between information obtained through GA and treatment-related complications. Comprehensive geriatric evaluations and effective interventions on the basis of GA may prove to be challenging for the oncologist because of the lack of the necessary skills, time constraints, and/or limited available resources. In this article, we describe how the Geriatrics Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center approaches an older patient with colon cancer from presentation to the end of life, show the importance of GA at the various stages of cancer treatment, and how predictive models are used to tailor the treatment. The patient’s needs and preferences are at the core of the decision-making process. Development of a plan of care should always include the patient’s preferences, but it is particularly important in the older patient with cancer because a disease-centered approach may neglect noncancer considerations. We will elaborate on the added value of co-management between the oncologist and a geriatric nurse practitioner and on the feasibility of adapting elements of this model into busy oncology practices.

Study of Concretes Reinforced by Plastic Fibers Based on Local Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adda Hadj Mostefa ◽  
Merdaci Slimane
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Local Materials

This work is carried out to investigate the performance of concrete reinforced with plastic fibers obtained locally (bottle waste as fiber). Bottle waste plastic was chosen because it is being thrown after single use and cause environmental problem. One way to recycle wasted bottles plastic is grinded into irregular fiber. Then, it was incorporate with the concrete and tests the performance of the concrete. The study was conducted using cylindrical and rectangular (cube) mold of concrete to investigate the performance of the concrete in term of mechanical properties. In this research, the mechanical properties that were measured are compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength. The results revealed that the presence of plastic fiber in concrete will increase the concrete performance, as well as the concrete bond strength is improved and the cracks in the concrete decrease the use of fibers and reduce plastic waste.

Underwater Explosive Welding of Thin Magnesium Plate onto some Metal Plates

2007 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
Akihisa Mori ◽  
Kazuyuki Hokamoto ◽  
Masahiro Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Welding Condition ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
Wavy Interface ◽  
Welding Technique

Explosive welding of a thin magnesium plate onto some metal plates was performed by using underwater explosive welding technique developed by some of the authors. The experimental results show that the wavy interface which is typically found in the well-bonded clad was observed. The welding condition is discussed using the welding window based on the numerically simulated results using AUTODYN-2D code.

A Study on the Explosive Welding of Three-Layer Panel

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 354-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Jun Duan ◽  
Yao Hua Wang ◽  
Jin Hong ◽  
Jing Rong Zhou ◽  
Rui Ma
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Composite Panel ◽  
Titanium Plate ◽  
Alloy Plate ◽  
Metallurgical Bonding ◽  
Layer Composite ◽  
Shearing Strength ◽  
Wave Morphology ◽  
Moderate Condition ◽  
Welding Technique

Using an adjusted explosive welding technique, a Zr-2 alloy plate, a titanium plate and a carbon steel plate were cladded to form a three-layer composite panel which is difficult to manufacture by common methods. Microstructural evaluations reveal that a metallurgical bonding interface with wave morphology is realized, and the grains near the interface are smaller than grains in other areas. The microhardness of the sample near the interface is greatly higher than that of other areas. Furthermore, mechanical experimental evidence indicates the shearing strength of the interface in the moderate condition exceeds that of the interlayer plate.

Heat Transfer Performance of Water Flow in Porous Copper Pipes Fabricated by Explosive Welding Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (0) ◽  
pp. 0175
Author(s):  
Yuki Abe ◽  
Kazuhisa Yuki ◽  
Yoshiaki Sato ◽  
Risako Kibushi ◽  
Noriyuki Unno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Heat Transfer Performance ◽  
Transfer Performance ◽  
Porous Copper ◽  
Welding Technique

Viable Production of Diesel From Non-Recyclable Waste Plastics

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
John William Bordynuik
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Grand Island ◽  
Barriers And Challenges

The art of refining liquid hydrocarbons (crude oil) into diesel, gasoline, and fuel oils was commercially scaled decades ago. Unfortunately, refineries are technologically limited to accepting only a very narrow range of liquid hydrocarbons with very specific properties and minimal contaminates. Unrecyclable, hydrocarbon-based waste is a significant environmental problem increasing every year. According to the Environmental Protection Agency’s 2010 Facts and Figures report, over 92% of waste plastic is not recycled and with a growth rate of approximately 8% per year, there exists a critical need for a viable and environmentally sound, general purpose hydrocarbon-based recycling process. Hydrocarbon streams that fall outside of accepted refinery standards have traditionally been landfilled or melted into products of low value. The barriers and challenges are so great that previous attempts to refine waste plastics into fuel resulted in unviable batch-based machines producing low-value, unstable mixed fuels. However, over the course of three years JBI, Inc. (“JBI”) has broken through these barriers and has designed and built a viable commercial-scale continuous refinery capable of processing a wide-range of hydrocarbon-based waste into ASTM specification fuels. Research and testing of scale-up through 1-gallon, 3000 gallon, multi-kiln, and 40 ton/day processors took place in a plant in Niagara Falls, NY. Technical challenges encountered and lessons learned during process development will be explained in detail. In 2009, our technology was “molecularly audited” by IsleChem, LLC (“IsleChem”) of Grand Island, NY and in 2012, the full-scale plant was viably validated by SAIC Energy, Environment & Infrastructure, LLC (“SAIC”). Numerous sources of waste plastic and users of the resulting fuel products conducted extensive audits of the technology, process, and plant. For the purpose of this paper, processing of waste plastics will be discussed in detail; however, this technology can be applied to other waste hydrocarbon-based materials such as contaminated monomers, waste oils, lubricants and other composite waste streams.

Explosive Welding of Molybdenum/Copper Using Underwater Shock Wave

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 735-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palavesamuthu Manikandan ◽  
Joo Noh Lee ◽  
Akihisa Mori ◽  
Kazuyuki Hokamoto
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Underwater Shock Wave ◽  
Wavy Interface ◽  
Underwater Shock ◽  
Weldability Window ◽  
The Right ◽  
Welding Technique

In this research, surface modification of copper with molybdenum was made using explosive welding technique. The underwater shock waves derived from the detonation of explosives was used to bond thin films of molybdenum on copper. Visual observation shows a sound joining of Mo/Cu. Microstructural characterization reveals the bonding interface with a clear wave formation between the participant metals. A clear wavy interface is formed when the weldable conditions lie in the weldability window. When the weldable conditions lie near the right limit or lower limit, a jet trapped region was formed.

New explosive welding technique to weld

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2289-2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hokamoto ◽  
T. Izuma ◽  
M. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Welding Technique
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