The Effect of Steady State Thermal Loading on the Deflections of a Flanged Joint With a Cover Plate

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Hakim Bouzid ◽  
Akli Nechache ◽  
Warren Brown
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Cover Plate ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Bolted Flange

It is well recognized that bolted flange joints operating at high temperature are often very difficult to seal. The existing flange design methods including that of the ASME code do not address thermal effects other than the variation of flange and bolt material mechanical properties with temperature. It is possible to include the effects of temperature loading in the flexibility analysis of the joint. However, the temperature profile to be known to determine the radial and axial thermal expansion displacements of the joint elements to be used in the analysis. This paper outlines the theoretical analysis used for the determination of the steady state operating temperature profile, the thermal expansion displacements of the joint components and the bolt load changes for the case of a flange joint with a blind cover. The results from the proposed analytical model are verified by comparison to finite element results of three different sizes of bolted joints.

The Redistribution of Load in Bolted Gasketed Joints Subjected to Steady State Thermal Loading

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akli Nechache ◽  
Abdel-Hakim Bouzid
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Pressure vessel joints operating at high temperature are often very difficult to seal. The existing flange design methods do not address thermal effects other than the variation of flange material mechanical properties with temperature. It is possible to include the effects of temperature loading in joint analysis, however, presently very few guidelines exist for this type of analysis. This paper outlines the theoretical analysis used for the determination of the steady state operating temperature and the induced loads in flange joints. It details the theoretical equations necessary to predict the temperature and the redistribution of load due to the thermal expansion of the joint components for the case of a pair flange and the case of a flange with a blind-cover. The results from the theoretical models are verified by comparison to finite element results.

Thermally Induced Deflections in Bolted Flanged Connections

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Hakim Bouzid ◽  
Akli Nechache
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Cover Plate ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Bolted Flange

Pressure vessel joints operating at high temperature are often very difficult to seal. The existing flange design methods do not address thermal effects other than the variation of flange material mechanical properties with temperature. It is possible to include the effects of temperature loading in joint analysis, however, presently very few guidelines exist for this type of analysis. This paper outlines the theoretical analysis used for the determination of the steady state operating temperature and deflections in bolted flange joints. It details the theoretical equations necessary to predict the temperature profiles and thermal expansion difference between the joint components necessary for the evaluation of the load redistribution for the two cases of a flange pair and a flange with a cover plate. The results from the theoretical models are verified by comparison to finite element results.

Finite Element Analysis of a Gasketed Flange Joint Under Combined Internal Pressure and Thermal Transient Loading

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Javed A. Chattha ◽  
Kamran A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Transient Loading ◽  
Thermal Transient ◽  
Transient Thermal ◽  
Bolted Flange

Performance of a bolted flange joint is characterized mainly by its ‘strength’ and ‘sealing capability’. A number of analytical and experimental studies have been conducted to study these characteristics only under internal pressure loading. In the available published work, thermal behavior of the pipe flange joints is discussed under steady state loading with and without internal pressure and under transient loading condition without internal pressure. The present design codes also do not address the effects of steady state and thermal transient loading on the structural integrity and sealing ability. It is realized that due to the ignorance of any applied transient thermal loading, the optimized performance of the bolted flange joint can not be achieved. In this paper, in order to investigate gasketed joint’s performance i.e. joint strength and sealing capability under combined internal pressure and transient thermal loading, an extensive nonlinear finite element analysis is carried out and its behavior is discussed.

Calculation of Bolted Flange Connections of Floating and Metal-to-Metal Contact Type

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schaaf ◽  
J. Bartonicek
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Metal Contact ◽  
Second Step ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Contact Type ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Floating Type ◽  
Bolted Flange

In Europe, in 2001 the new standard EN 1591 for strength and tightness proofs of bolted flange connections (BFC) of floating type flanges was released. In addition, the German nuclear code was revised regarding the calculation of BFC. With this standard not only the floating type but also the metal-to-metal contact type of flanges (MMC) can be treated. Additionally, the ASME code is the basis for the flange calculation in the European standard EN 13445, which is the standard for unfired pressure vessels. In compliance with the goal of the calculation, the different calculation codes can be used. There must be a differentiation between the design of the components, the determination of the prestress values for assembly, the stress analysis and the tightness proof of the BFC. First, all parameters which influence the function of the bolted flange connection are considered. In a second step, the range of use of the different standards and the calculation algorithm are discussed.

Thermal Instability in High-Speed Gearing

1961 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Welch ◽  
J. F. Boron
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Instability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Point

Thermal-expansion effects in gearing have usually been considered from a steady-state point of view. A theory of thermal instability is developed which takes into account the tendency of the thermal effects to be regenerative. This theory provides an adequate and complete explanation for several previously unexplained cases of tooth failure in high-speed high-horsepower reduction gears. Experimental verification of the theory is presented and some of the conditions for avoiding thermal instability are described.

FEM Stress Analysis of Bolted Flange Joints in Elevated Temperature Service Condition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Xuedong Chen ◽  
Zhichao Fan ◽  
Jilin Xue
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Bolt Stress ◽  
Transient Thermal ◽  
Bolted Flange

Performance of a bolted flange joint (BFJ) is characterized mainly by its ‘strength’ and ‘sealing capability’. How to keep the ‘strength’ and ‘sealing capability’ for the BFJ serving at elevated temperature is a difficult problem in engineering applications. The variations of bolt stress and gasket contact stress play an important role on the structural integrity and sealing performance of BFJ in the bolt-up, pressurization and heat-up stages. In this paper, a three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element model has been developed to investigate the performance of joint under combined internal pressure and elevated temperature. The thermal-structural coupling method has been used to analyze the variations of axial bolt force, maximum blot stress and gasket contact stress under steady-state and transient thermal loadings. The effects of internal pressure, temperature as well as the heating rate on the variations of bolt load, bolt stress and gasket contact stress have been evaluated. The results show that the maximum bolt stress increases while average gasket contact stress decreases with increasing the temperature under steady-state thermal loading. Besides, when the transient thermal loading is considered, heating rate has a significant effect on the maximum bolt stress and gasket contact stress. This research will contribute to the design of BFJ subjected to elevated temperature.

Effects of Temperature Change on Bolt Load and Gasket Load of Bolted Flange Connection With Ring Type Joint Gasket

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Nagata ◽  
Toshiyuki Sawa
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Elastic Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Flange Connection ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bolted Flange

Finite element analysis is carried out to clarify the effects of temperature change on the bolt load and gasket load of the bolted flange connections with ring type joint gasket so called RTJ. The RTJ type bolted flange connections are usually utilized for such severe operating conditions as high pressure and/or elevated temperature. It is important for the RTJ type flange connections to be clarified its behavior under internal pressure and thermal load. In this paper, finite element analysis is performed for the piping flange connection of 12 inch class 900 RTJ subjected to the combinations of internal pressure 10 MPa and/or uniform temperature 450°C. Three material combinations are also studied such as both low alloy flange and bolt, stainless steel flange and low alloy bolt and both stainless steel flange and bolt. Elastic analysis and elastic-plastic analysis are both computed and compared. From the analysis results, it is observed that the elastic analysis and elastic-plastic one give completely different behaviors especially in the bolt load change under the loading and the unloading conditions. The difference in coefficients of thermal expansion is essential on the bolt load change when the different materials are used for the flanges and the bolts. As a conclusion, in order to establish a simplified calculation of the RTJ type flange connection for its optimal design, it is necessary to consider the elastic-plastic material behavior at the contact between the gasket and the groove. It is also required to incorporate the difference of thermal expansion and stiffness between flange and bolt with temperature dependency.

STEADY-STATE DETERMINATION OF FUEL-BOND NITROGEN IN DIESEL AND INDUSTRIAL GAS OIL

Clean Air ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-371
Author(s):  
A. Medeiros ◽  
R. Edenhofer ◽  
K. Lucka ◽  
H. Kohne
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
State Determination
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