Coal- and Gas-Fired Power Construction and Cancellation Trends in Countries With the Most New Coal Power Capacity Since 2003

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M. Smouse ◽  
Ayaka Jones ◽  
Babatunde O. Fapohunda ◽  
Mark Render ◽  
John W. Hindman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Power Capacity ◽  
Power Development ◽  
China And India ◽  
Power Construction ◽  
The World ◽  
Coal Power ◽  
Under Construction

This paper attempts to quantify global development of coal- and natural gas-based power between 2003 and 2016 by analyzing the progression of individual coal and natural gas power units of 100 megawatts or greater as reported by S&P Global Platts. About 1,000 gigawatts (GW) of new coal capacity entered service worldwide in this period, nearly doubling the world coal power fleet. About 96% of this new capacity was built in 10 countries led by China and India. The momentum of global coal power development has slowed since 2014 with cancelled, deferred, or delayed capacity in 2016 more than quintupling that reported in 2013. This slowdown occurred mainly in China and India, where 426 GW of coal capacity were cancelled during 2015 and 2016, while only 26 GW was built. The vast majority of the new coal capacity built in Germany, Japan, and South Korea since 2003, and the majority in China since 2008, use supercritical or ultra-supercritical (USC) technologies. Subcritical technology still prevails among units constructed in developing countries, but USC units are being built in all the top 10 countries except the United States, where no new coal power plant is currently under construction.

Fuzzy Reliability Theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 222-259
Author(s):  
Ingrid N. Pinto-López ◽  
Cynthia M. Montaudon-Tomas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reliability Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Reliability ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
China And India ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

This chapter analyzes fuzzy reliability theory using bibliometric analysis. Different aspects of fuzzy have already been analyzed using bibliometric analysis, and a series of bibliometric tools have also been used. VOSviewer software was used to identify maps showing the most relevant trends. The analysis includes scientific articles, citations, journals, authors, universities, keywords, and countries. Results show that countries belonging mainly to Asia are at the avant-garde in terms of research in the field, China and India being the most productive countries in terms of the number of articles published, citations, and universities invested in the topic. Other countries in North America, such as Canada and the United States, and in Europe, the UK, Poland, Italy, and France, also show a great interest in this area of science. Research on the topic is relatively recent. The first articles were published in 1991; therefore, it presents excellent opportunities that will quite possibly attract researchers and universities from different regions of the world.

Bottlenecks and Countermeasures in Shale Gas Exploration and Development of China

2014 ◽  
Vol 978 ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Rong Huo ◽  
Kai Bo Duan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
The World ◽  
Exploration And Development

With the furthering of China’s all round reform, there will be greater economic growth and more urgent demands for energy. And the achievements of shale gas exploration and development in the United States provide a lot of lessons for domestic gas and oil exploration and development [Figure. 1]. However, the introduction of the matured foreign exploration and development technologies also suffers a great challenge. This paper aims to analyzing the problems in the exploration and development in China’s typical exploration areas and the measures that have been taken. Also, it sums up the emerging technologies and methods in the world, hoping to boost the future exploration and development of shale gas in China in a certain way. Fig. 1 U.S. dry natural gas production ( drawn from EIA)

scholarly journals The United States of America – A Declining World Hegemon?

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Benjamin Klasche
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Global Commons ◽  
China And India ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

In this article the alleged demise of the United States of America (USA) and the ability of its challengers will be discussed and analyzed. Based on George Modelski’s concept of Long-Cycles in Global Politics we can anticipate a disruption in the hegemonic position – currently held by the USA. Considering, the possibility of this scenario, the author executed a pragmatic comparative study and sketches out the chances for the two main competitors – China and India – which struggle mightily with domestic issues and on the other side presents four arguments, why the decline of the USA is not as apparent and looming as partly presumed. The arguments are: (i) the independence supply of natural resources; (ii) its supremacy over the world seas; (iii) reinstated activity in the Rimland and (iiii) control over the Global Commons.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ECONOMY AND POLICY NOWADAYS. ARTICLE 3. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN PUBLIC POLICY

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-32
Author(s):  
V.N. Leksin
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Third ◽  
China And India ◽  
The World ◽  
Final Article ◽  
Country Differences

The third and final article of the three-part series of articles «Artificial intelligence in the economy and politics of our time» (the first and second articles of the series were published in the fourth and fifth issues of the journal for this year, respectively) presents the results of a study of the goals, motivations and specifics of the adoption of national strategies to support the development of artificial intelligence in different countries. It is shown that such a strategy in Russia is based on the idea of the most important role of using artificial intelligence in solving the most complex economic, social, and military-political problems of the country. Differences in conceptual approaches to the development of research and practical use of artificial intelligence developments in the national strategies of the largest countries of the world — the United States, China and India.

Storia d'impresa: complessitŕ e comparazioni

2012 ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Amatori Franco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business History ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
China And India ◽  
The World

Business History: complexity and comparisons. An overview of the last two centuries of business history around the world focusing on three variables: technology, the firm, and the local context. Analysis shows the continuous competition between various countries, from the United States and Japan to China and India, with new waves of technology that make it impossible to forecast history. Business history naturally leads to the larger field of economic history.

Energy Security: The New Threats in Latin America and Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (695) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
David L. Goldwyn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rising Powers ◽  
American Power ◽  
China And India ◽  
Energy Dependency ◽  
The World ◽  
Power And Influence

The energy dependency of the United States and its allies in Europe and Asia, combined with the growing dependence of rising powers such as China and India, is rapidly eroding American power and influence around the world.

Hydrogen

2020 ◽  
pp. 403-446
Author(s):  
Paul F. Meier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicle ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
The World

In an effort to reduce the amount of crude oil used in the United States, a government program was started in 2002 to examine the use of hydrogen as a transportation fuel. In this application, hydrogen is used in a fuel cell vehicle to produce electricity. This allows a vehicle to enjoy the higher energy efficiency of a battery versus a gasoline-powered vehicle, while avoiding the frequent and long charging times needed for an electric vehicle. There are currently other applications for hydrogen in the United States and the world, primarily in refineries and the manufacture of ammonia. Unlike fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and crude oil, there are no natural sources of hydrogen gas. There are several options for producing hydrogen, such as reforming natural gas or gasifying coal or biomass. Alternatively, a renewable energy source, such as wind or solar, could be used to produce hydrogen via water electrolysis.

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