Challenging Design Confronted in a Deepwater/HPHT PiP Tie-Back Flowline System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Sun ◽  
Sandra Jakl ◽  
Han Shi
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Load Effect ◽  
Strength Design ◽  
Advanced Analysis

A challenging problem that pipeline industry has to face in deepwater is the high energy reservoir with high pressure and high temperature. For piping, flowline, and riser, High Pressure (HP) leads to much thicker pipe wall that increases manufacturing and installation cost. High Temperature (HT) has even wider impact on design since the flowline system has to operate over a greater temperature range between non-producing situations such as installation and shut down, and the maximum production flow. Subsea tie-back to the existing floating production facility, generally named as Brown Field Development, has many engineering and financial advantages. It becomes more popular in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), North Sea, and West African due to the economical benefits. This paper presents some of the design challenges of a deepwater subsea tie-back project, which is composed of an 8″ by 12″ pipe-in-pipe (PiP) flowline loop from three (3) subsea fields to a semi-submersible platform located in the GoM at a water depth of 2,000m (∼6,600ft). Some of key efforts are worth to mention: • Mitigation of thermal expansion and global buckling as facing very soft clay soil; • Transition tie-in of PiP to structure piping - a valiant strength design to meet the deepwater installation loading; • PiP inner pipe lock-in compressive load - effect of flowline (non-bonded) section length variation and locked-in stress; • Tight installation target box for the separately installed structure mudmat and upper module. This paper presents the solutions that Project team has generated to address these design/installation challenges. Lessons learned from the designs and installations are also presented. Advanced analysis tool — FEA are utilized through the entire design stage, from global 3-D flowline modeling to local component strength design.

From Installation to Operation: A Full-Scale Finite Element Modeling of Deep-Water Pipe-in-Pipe System

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Sun ◽  
Paul Jukes
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Realistic Interaction ◽  
Global Buckling ◽  
Advanced Analysis ◽  
Lock In

Developments of deep water oil reservoirs are presently being considered in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Pipe-in-Pipe (PIP) systems are widely used and planned as the tie-back flowline for high pressure and high temperature production (HPHT) due to their exceptional thermal insulation capabilities. The installation of PIP flowline in deep water, disregarding the laying method, can present real challenges because of the PIP string weight. The effect of the lowering displacement as well as the lock-in compressive load acting on the inner pipe for the commonly used un-bonded PIP is also a major concern. Such effects will enhance the total flowline compression when the high temperature and high pressure are applied after start-up; they greatly increase the severity of the global buckling and result in local plastic collapse at a larger bending curvature section or strain localization area. An even greater concern is that industry fails to realize the seriousness of such failure potential, and the PIP is generally treated as a composite single pipe which does not evaluate the PIP load response correctly, especially the inner pipe lock-in compression omitted. It could result in an unsafe design for HPHT production. This paper endeavors to provide a trustworthy solution for the HPHT PIP systems from installation to operation by using the advanced analysis tool — “Simulator”, an ABAQUS based in-house Finite Element Analysis (FEA) engine. “Simulator” allows the PIP pipes being modeled individually with realistic interaction between the pipes. A systematic process was introduced by using a generic deep-water PIP flowline as a working example of J-Lay installation and HPHT production. The load and stress responses of the PIP at all installation stages were calculated with a high level of accuracy, they were then included in the global buckling analysis for the HPHT operation. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of Loadshare, an industry-leading solution; which reduces or eliminates the inner pipe lock-in compression and improves the PIP compressive load capacity for the high temperature operation.

scholarly journals Quenching ilmenite with a high-temperature and high-pressure phase using super-high-energy ball milling

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Hashishin ◽  
Zhenquan Tan ◽  
Kazuhiro Yamamoto ◽  
Nan Qiu ◽  
Jungeum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
High Pressure Phase ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Pressure Phase

The Formation of Coesite under Minimum Static Pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
De Jun Wang ◽  
Run Ru Liu ◽  
Leng Jing
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
The Earth

Using the α-SiO2 and conducted by high-energy mechanical milling as the initial material, we investigated the synthesis of coesite under high temperature and high pressure in the condition of adding a certain amount of hard Fe fillings. The synthetic samples are measured by XRD and Raman, and the results show that a small amount of small-sized coesite can be obtained under 2.5 GPa. Based on these results, it is considered that the forming depth of natural coesite under the earth is likely to be obviously shallower than that of plate exhumation in the traditional subduction-exhumation hypothesis.

The Synthesis from α-SiO2 and Graphite System to Coesite under High Temperature High Pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 299-302
Author(s):  
De Jun Wang ◽  
Run Ru Liu ◽  
Leng Jing ◽  
Xin Yu Bai
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Powder Mixture ◽  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
High Temperature High Pressure

Taking α-quartz of different mass ratio mixed with graphite powder mixture as the initial materials, using the method of combining high-energy mechanical milling with high pressure and high temperature , this work inspected the influences of carbon content on the synthesis conditions of coesite. The experimental products were measured by XRD, TEM, and Raman. The results showed that the existence of carbon can obviously inhibit the formation of coesite, and the higher carbon content of initial materials the higher pressure on forming coesite is needed.

The Experiences and Lessons Learned from the Development of High Temperature and High Pressure Buried Hillss Reservoir

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianbo Luo ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhu ◽  
Baolin Yue ◽  
Hongfu Shi ◽  
Yifan He
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Lessons Learned

High pressure–high temperature research using high energy synchrotron radiation at the TRISTAN accumulation ring (invited)

1989 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1527-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kikegawa ◽  
O. Shimomura ◽  
H. Iwasaki ◽  
S. Sato ◽  
A. Mikuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature

Innovative Drilling Fluid Technology Conquered Tough Geomechanics Offshore Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Reyna ◽  
Viridiana Parra ◽  
Daniel Volbre ◽  
Raul Ballinas ◽  
Reinaldo Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
New Production ◽  
Wellbore Instability ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Intermediate Section

Abstract The reservoir field highlighted in this paper is located Offshore Mexico in the southeast part of Campeche Bay and hidden below a troublesome, unstable formation that must be transacted before reaching the new production zone. During the exploration phase, this section experienced severe lost circulation and unstable conditions before reaching the final depth. Based on lessons learned, the team worked to develop a best- practices approach using geomechanics analysis and a novel fluid technology which enabled the operator to safely drill through this problematic intermediate section under high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) conditions. The methodology started with identifying the geomechanics challenges, implementing operational best practices, and finally, use of an innovative, low-invasion fluid technology, which creates a thin and impermeable shield at the wellbore wall, effectively sealing the fractures and preventing fracture propagation in the highly unstable formation of interspersed carbonates, shales, and sandstones. The strong mechanical properties of the thin, but firm, barrier created at the wellbore wall minimized the destabilizing effect of fluid invasion. Synergy from the geomechanical team, best practices for the operation, and innovative drilling fluid technology solved the wellbore instability drilling challenge encountered in the exploration well. In offset wells, losses of more than 2,200 m3 of drilling fluid, stuck pipe, and major NPT were observed. By incorporating the shielding technology, wellbore instability was improved in the intermediate section. In addition, the fluid technology was easily pumped through the bottomhole assembly (BHA) to seal formation fractures between 2,000 and 3,000 μm in size. This well, utilizing the barrier technology to mitigate the wellbore instability and drill within a narrow fracture gradient operating window, was the first in the area to have zero loss of drilling fluid as compared to the typical 5 to 10-m3/hr circulation losses experienced during exploration drilling in the intermediate section characterized by interbedded layers of carbonates, shales, and sandstone under high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) conditions. The coordination between the teams using best practices was critical to meeting the challenge of the intermediate geomechanically weak formation. This case history in offshore Mexico will demonstrate both the importance of teamwork and the utilization of a proven technology that improves wellbore instability, minimizes NPT, mitigates pipe tripping issues and avoids huge volumes of drilling fluid lost into the geomechanically weak formation. This barrier technology can be applied globally to troublesome formations - such as interbedded carbonates, shales, and sandstones - to improve operations and provide cost savings for the operator.

Density measurements of liquid under high pressure and high temperature

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1023-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Katayama ◽  
Kazuhiko Tsuji ◽  
Osamu Shimomura ◽  
Takumi Kikegawa ◽  
Mohamed Mezouar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Sample Container ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sample Shape ◽  
X Ray Absorption

A new method for density measurements by means of X-ray absorption under high pressure and high temperature using synchrotron radiation has been developed. The method has been modified for a large-volume Paris–Edinburgh press and combined with intense high-energy X-rays at the ESRF. In order to overcome effects of deformation of sample shape under pressure, a ruby cylinder was used as a sample container. The density was determined from the intensity profile of transmitted X-rays. The densities of crystalline and liquid Bi were successfully measured up to 750 K at 1 GPa.

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