Development of a Performance Assessment Model (PAM) for High Complexity Non-Conventional Reservoirs

Author(s):  
Juan M. Riaño Caraza ◽  
Fernando S. Flores Avila ◽  
Iván Faría Rojas ◽  
Luis E. Brito Rodríguez

Chicontepec is one of the areas with the largest volume of original oil in place in Mexico; however, after more than 30 years of operation, its development has been very limited due to the high geological complexity and low rock quality of their reservoirs. The reservoirs are found in layered sequences of sediments deposited in turbiditic environments which have suffered different degrees of diagenesis, there is a great level of vertical heterogeneity and a very limited level of lateral continuity. The permeability of the reservoir area is in the range of 0.1 to 5 md, depending on the location and degree of diagenesis, with this level of permeability most wells require hydraulic fracturing to be produced economically. The volume of oil originally in place according to the latest certifications is around 130 billion barrels, of which to this date have been produced 200 MMbls, which represents a current recovery factor of 0.15%. In order to accelerate the development of reserves PEMEX has diversified efforts assigning some areas to other companies. This will provide greater ability to assess best practices and technologies. To evaluate the efforts of companies a performance assessment model was designed, which takes into account the integral complexity of each area to be fair in comparing the results obtained for the different areas. The aim of this paper is to describe the methodology used in the developing of the performance evaluation and integral complexity characterization models.

Author(s):  
Agne Daucianskaite ◽  
Vilma Zydziunaite

Here is lack of clarity in documentation regarding music performers’ training in Lithuania and internationally. Here is lack of information and research-based knowledge regarding strategies, methods, philosophies, competencies and etc., regarding music performers’ training. So why it seems for society as “for granted” and that is based on personal talents that are heritage. Also here is lack of documents on requirements for teachers, who prepare the music performers. The aim of the study is to discuss the issue of music performers’ training and education regarding orientations, directions, characteristics and other peculiarities with the focus on a current training and education situation. The study is based on document analysis. Documents on musicians’ training, which exist in Lithuania and internationally, they lack precision, clarity, specificity in terms of specializations, instruments, levels of achievement(s), specifications for performance assessment, and levels of professionalism achieved. Most of the documents are generic, politicized, and their content is deliberative about how it must be, what shows that documents do not rely on empirical research evidence within the practical reality, and are not oriented to realistic ways, how to achieve the specific results that reflect the quality of musical performance. 


Author(s):  
Burhan Hambali ◽  
Yusuf Hidayat ◽  
Yunyun Yudiana ◽  
Tite Juliantine ◽  
Alit Rahmat ◽  
...  

The study was aimed at developing a performance assessment instrument model for defensive lob learning. The research method used was Research Development method for developing an assessment instrument referring to eight stages of activity, including choosing good test criteria, analyzing the sport to be tested, selecting and looking for theoretical concept literatures, selecting test items, establishing procedures, administering expert judgements, testing the instrument, and testing the estimated level of validity and reliability. The participants involved were fifth grade elementary school students aged 11-12 years. The development of instrument referred to a performance test instrument with an individual performance assessment model. The analysis consisted of the estimation of content validity (Lawshe's CVR), test-retest reliability, and inter-rater reliability (interclass coefficient correlation). The results of the analysis showed that the reliability and validity of the assessment instrument obtained a good criteria significantly (p_value 0.05). The results of reliability and validity testing conclude that the developed performance assessment instrument model can be used to measure defensive lob skills in Badminton learning for Elementary School students.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalda Mousazadeh ◽  
Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani ◽  
Ali Janati ◽  
Mahboub Pouraghaei ◽  
Farzad Rahmani ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Trauma is a major cause of death worldwide, especially in developing countries. The increasing cost of health care and the differences in the quality of provided services indicates the need to assess trauma care. This study aimed to develop and use a performance assessment model for in-hospital trauma care with a focus on traffic injures.Methods: This multi-method study was conducted in three main phases of indicators determination, model development, and model application. Trauma care performance indicators were extracted through literature review and were confirmed using a two-round Delphi survey and experts’ perspective. Two focus group discussions and 16 semi-structured interviews were held to design the initial model. In the next step, components and final form of the model were confirmed following pre-determined factors including importance and necessity, simplicity, clarity, and relevance. Finally, the model was tested by applying it in a trauma center. Results: A total of 50 trauma care indicators were approved after reviewing the literature and obtaining the experts' views. The final model consisted of six components of assessment level, teams, methods, scheduling, frequency, and data source. The model application revealed problems of a selected trauma center in terms of information recording, patient deposition, some clinical services, waiting time for depositing, recording of medical errors and complications, patient follow-up, and patient satisfaction.Conclusion: Performance assessment with an appropriate model can identify deficiencies and failures of provided services in trauma centers. Understanding the current situation is one of the main requirements for designing any quality improvement programs.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. T21-T37
Author(s):  
Abdalla A. Abdelnabi ◽  
Yousf Abushalah ◽  
Kelly H. Liu ◽  
Stephen S. Gao

The Cambrian-Ordovician and Upper Cretaceous formations, which are the main oil-producing formations in the central Sirte Basin, are structurally complex. The lateral and vertical heterogeneity of the reservoir formations is not well-understood, which negatively affects the performance of the reservoirs. We constructed efficient full-field static models that incorporate the lateral and vertical variation of those reservoir formations by integrating geologic and geophysical data. We determined lithology and reservoir properties by selecting appropriate petrophysical techniques that suit the available well data and overcome issues with unreliable well-log measurements. In the process of building structural models, defining and mapping the base of the Cambrian-Ordovician Gargaf Formation was very challenging because wells did not penetrate the basal formation, and the quality of the seismic data decreases with depth. Therefore, we applied techniques of adding isochore maps of the overlying Upper Cretaceous of the Bahi and Waha Formations to map basal contact and determine the thickness of the Gargaf Formation for the first time in the area. The constructed isochore maps showed the thickness variation and the distributions of the Bahi and Waha Formations and explained the influence of Gargaf paleotopography and faults on them. The fault models combined with facies and property models suggested an interconnection among the three main reservoirs. They also indicated that the quality of the Waha reservoir enhances as the lithology varies from limestones to calcareous sandstones, whereas the quality of the Gargaf reservoir was primarily controlled by fractures. The total estimate of the original oil in place with the largest contribution of hydrocarbon volume from the Waha Formation was [Formula: see text] stock tank barrel. The created model with a fine-scale geocellular covering an area of [Formula: see text] is unique to the study area and it can be updated and refined at any time with new data production and drilling activities.


2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 4135-4146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsin Lin ◽  
Kune-Muh Tsai ◽  
Wei-Jung Shiang ◽  
Tsai-Chi Kuo ◽  
Chih-Hung Tsai

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