Analysis of Red Blood Cell Deformation in a Microfluidic Device

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Tomaiuolo ◽  
Stefano Guido ◽  
Antonio Cassinese
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Flow Behaviour ◽  
Cell Deformation

In this work, a microfluidics system to investigate the flow behaviour of red blood cells (RBCs) in a microcirculation-mimicking network of PDMS microchannels with thickness comparable to cell size is presented.

Computational Model of Human Capillary Hydrodynamics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Windes ◽  
Danesh K. Tafti ◽  
Bahareh Behkam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Plasma Layer ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Cell Deformation ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Blood Capillary

The present work lays out an accurate, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a human blood capillary. This model is composed of red blood cells and blood plasma inside a cylindrical section of a capillary. The plasma flow is resolved using an incompressible Navier-Stokes solver. At the level of capillaries, red blood cells must be individually handled to correctly resolve the hydrodynamics in the system. They cannot be lumped in with the plasma and considered as a non-Newtonian suspension because of the relative scale of the capillaries and the blood cells. Red blood cells act as highly deformable, fluid filled vesicles which readily deform from their typical biconcave shape when passing through narrow capillaries. In the present model, the deformed shape of red blood cells is predicted using a combination of analytical models and experimental data on cell deformation. The cell volume, cell surface area, and plasma layer thickness are found to be the key parameters which define red blood cell deformation in capillaries. The red blood cells are imposed in the flow using the immersed boundary method (IBM). To save computational resources while still yielding an accurate model, the deformed shape of each red blood cell is calculated once prior to running the simulation and then held constant throughout the run. In order to validate the model, two parameters — apparent relative viscosity and hematocrit ratio — were examined. The present model shows good comparison to experimental values for both these parameters.

Effect of osmolality on red blood cell viscosity and transit through the lung

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Effros ◽  
R. S. Chang ◽  
P. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
The Mean

The mean transit times of labeled red blood cells and albumin were compared in eight isolated rabbit lungs perfused with physiological albumin solutions. The osmolality of these solutions was adjusted by altering the concentration of sodium chloride. The ratios of the mean transit times of injected red blood cells to those of albumin increased as perfusion osmolality increased from hypotonic to isotonic and from isotonic to hypertonic levels. This change occurred despite a decline in pulmonary vascular resistance and red blood cell size as osmolality was increased. Red blood cell viscosity (determined with a cone-plate viscometer) increased with osmolality and it was concluded that this change of viscosity impaired the relative rate of red blood cell transit through the lungs. Passage of red blood cells through rigid homoporous membranes appeared to be related primarily to red cell size rather than vascosity. These observations suggest that both red blood cell viscosity and capillary distensibility play an important role in determining the velocity of red blood cells through the capillaries.

scholarly journals Aplikasi self-organizing mapping sebagai alat deteksi anemia pada citra sel darah merah

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Evrita Lusiana Utari ◽  
Latifah Listyalina ◽  
Desty Ervira Puspaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Macrocytic Anemia ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Image Identification ◽  
Self Organizing

Application of self-organizing mapping as anemia detection using an image of red blood cellsBackground: Anemia is a nutritional problem characterized by changes in blood cell size, especially in microcytic or macrocytic anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is included in hypochromic microcytic anemia because it has a smaller than normal size red blood cell and has a lower than normal hemoglobin (Hb) arising from reduced supply of iron for erythropoiesis (cell maturation process red blood). Analysis based on red blood cell image is a tool to detect anemia using technology applications. Self-organizing mapping (SOM) is one of the artificial neural networks by dividing the input pattern into several groups, so the network output is in the form of groups that are most similar to the input.Objective: To measure the accuracy of SOM for detecting the size of red blood cells in anemia condition.Methods: The type of research was an observational laboratory. The study was conducted at the Electrobiomedical Laboratory of Universitas Respati Yogyakarta from January to August 2018. The sample consisted of anemia and non-anemia red blood cells which had been tested in a laboratory of 92 blood preparations. Stage of measuring red blood cells consisted of pre-processing (cropping, gray scaling, contrast enhancement, and screening), segmentation, feature extraction, and image identification with SOM. The image identification results were concluded by calculating the accuracy of the anemia detection system based on laboratory examination results.Results: The characteristic that distinguishes anemia and non-anemia was in the size of red blood cells. Anemic red blood cells had different pixel intensities than non-anemic red blood cells. The image of non-anemia red blood cells had a full round or oval image. From as many as 92 detections of blood images, five blood images were not by the target results of laboratory tests. The accuracy achieved by the system was 94.57%.Conclusions: The accuracy value of anemia detection using SOM can be used to identify the type of anemia based on red blood cell size.

Microfluidic electrical impedance assessment of red blood cell mediated microvascular occlusion

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuncheng Man ◽  
Debnath Maji ◽  
Ran An ◽  
Sanjay Ahuja ◽  
Jane A Little ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Disorders

Alterations in the deformability of red blood cells (RBCs), occurring in hemolytic blood disorders such as sickle cell disease (SCD), contributes to vaso-occlusion and disease pathophysiology. However, there are few...

Permeation of the luminal capillary glycocalyx is determined by hyaluronan

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (2) ◽  
pp. H508-H514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine B. S. Henry ◽  
Brian R. Duling
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
The Difference

The endothelial cell glycocalyx influences blood flow and presents a selective barrier to movement of macromolecules from plasma to the endothelial surface. In the hamster cremaster microcirculation, FITC-labeled Dextran 70 and larger molecules are excluded from a region extending almost 0.5 μm from the endothelial surface into the lumen. Red blood cells under normal flow conditions are excluded from a region extending even farther into the lumen. Examination of cultured endothelial cells has shown that the glycocalyx contains hyaluronan, a glycosaminoglycan which is known to create matrices with molecular sieving properties. To test the hypothesis that hyaluronan might be involved in establishing the permeation properties of the apical surface glycocalyx in vivo, hamster microvessels in the cremaster muscle were visualized using video microscopy. After infusion of one of several FITC-dextrans (70, 145, 580, and 2,000 kDa) via a femoral cannula, microvessels were observed with bright-field and fluorescence microscopy to obtain estimates of the anatomic diameters and the widths of fluorescent dextran columns and of red blood cell columns (means ± SE). The widths of the red blood cell and dextran exclusion zones were calculated as one-half the difference between the bright-field anatomic diameter and the width of the red blood cell column or dextran column. After 1 h of treatment with active Streptomyces hyaluronidase, there was a significant increase in access of 70- and 145-kDa FITC-dextrans to the space bounded by the apical glycocalyx, but no increase in access of the red blood cells or in the anatomic diameter in capillaries, arterioles, and venules. Hyaluronidase had no effect on access of FITC-Dextrans 580 and 2,000. Infusion of a mixture of hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate after enzyme treatment reconstituted the glycocalyx, although treatment with either molecule separately had no effect. These results suggest that cell surface hyaluronan plays a role in regulating or establishing permeation of the apical glycocalyx to macromolecules. This finding and our prior observations suggest that hyaluronan and other glycoconjugates are required for assembly of the matrix on the endothelial surface. We hypothesize that hyaluronidase creates a more open matrix, enabling smaller dextran molecules to penetrate deeper into the glycocalyx.

Susceptibility of density-fractionated erythrocytes to subhaemolytic mechanical shear stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony P McNamee ◽  
Kieran Richardson ◽  
Jarod Horobin ◽  
Lennart Kuck ◽  
Michael J Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Blood Cell Deformability ◽  
Cell Age ◽  
Low Shear

Introduction: Accumulating evidence demonstrates that subhaemolytic mechanical stresses, typical of circulatory support, induce physical and biochemical changes to red blood cells. It remains unclear, however, whether cell age affects susceptibility to these mechanical forces. This study thus examined the sensitivity of density-fractionated red blood cells to sublethal mechanical stresses. Methods: Red blood cells were isolated and washed twice, with the least and most dense fractions being obtained following centrifugation (1500 g × 5 min). Red blood cell deformability was determined across an osmotic gradient and a range of shear stresses (0.3–50 Pa). Cell deformability was also quantified before and after 300 s exposure to shear stresses known to decrease (64 Pa) or increase (10 Pa) red blood cell deformability. The time course of accumulated sublethal damage that occurred during exposure to 64 Pa was also examined. Results: Dense red blood cells exhibited decreased capacity to deform when compared with less dense cells. Cellular response to mechanical stimuli was similar in trend for all red blood cells, independent of density; however, the magnitude of impairment in cell deformability was exacerbated in dense cells. Moreover, the rate of impairment in cellular deformability, induced by 64 Pa, was more rapid for dense cells. Relative improvement in red blood cell deformability, due to low-shear conditioning (10 Pa), was consistent for both cell populations. Conclusion: Red blood cell populations respond differently to mechanical stimuli: older (more dense) cells are highly susceptible to sublethal mechanical trauma, while cell age (density) does not appear to alter the magnitude of improved cell deformability following low-shear conditioning.

scholarly journals Small Red Blood Cell Fraction on the UF-1000i Urine Analyzer as a Screening Tool to Detect Dysmorphic Red Blood Cells for Diagnosing Glomerulonephritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Hyunjung Kim ◽  
Young Ok Kim ◽  
Yonggoo Kim ◽  
Jin-Soon Suh ◽  
Eun-Jung Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cell Fraction

scholarly journals PO-283 Correlation Analysis between Blood Cell Viability, Five Elements and Competition Performance of Elite Men’s Rowers

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junbei Bai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Five Elements

Objective To observe the national elite male rowers blood, red blood cell activity and serum copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium and iron content of the five elements, and compared with the ordinary people. Aimed to investigate the between athletes, athletes and ordinary differences between the two sets of indicators and to explore the impact of element contents in red blood cell activity and five factors. Trying to bring two sets of indicators and specific combining ability, used in training on the monitoring function, and for the future to provide some references for further study. Methods It was included 22 athletes and 22 ordinary men, as the research object, in the collection of blood, measuring red blood cell activity in the blood content of the five elements, simultaneous measurement of physical indicators , will be doing all the data at the differences between the two groups compared to the group to do correlation analysis. The recent record of 2000m, 6000m rowing Dynamometer test results, and red blood cell activity associated with the five elements of content analysis. Results 1. Athletes indicators related to aerobic exercise were significantly higher than ordinary people. The white blood cells of athletes group were average.It shows that athletes have high aerobic capacity, while white blood cells are more stable than normal people. The members of the national rowing men's iron, magnesium content was significantly higher than ordinary group, the iron content is higher than the normal reference value; blood calcium levels were significantly lower than ordinary people, and lower than the normal reference value. The total number of red blood cells and the number of living cells was very significant positive correlation in two groups subjects; Red blood cell activity and red blood cell diameter is proportional, and red blood cell roundness in inverse proportion to the relationship; from this experiment a special ability to see red blood cell activity and there is no correlation. In both groups, hemoglobin was positively correlated with iron content, while iron was positively correlated with copper content. Conclusions 1. Increasing the number and volume of red blood cells can effectively increase the activity of red blood cells; red blood cell activity has no correlation with specific ability, and can not be used as an indicator to determine specific ability. The content of iron and magnesium in rowers is higher than that in ordinary people, which indicates that the adjustment of aerobic capacity and nerve control is very effective. The lower calcium content indicates that the injury caused by calcium loss should be prevented and the urgency of calcium supplementation should be emphasized. In training, we should pay attention to increasing hemoglobin content and aerobic capacity by supplementing iron. We can further consider the effect of supplementing copper to promote iron supplementation.

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