Five-Axis Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing of Silicone 3D Contour Nonwoven Fabrics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian-Ru Li ◽  
Xiaoqing Tian ◽  
Hongjun Wang ◽  
Jeffrey Plott ◽  
Albert Shih
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Normal Vector ◽  
Base Surface ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Surface Normal ◽  
Nozzle Axis ◽  
Axis Parallel ◽  
Silicone Liquid ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Nozzle Orientation

This study investigates the extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) of silicone 3D contour nonwoven fabrics by liquid rope coiling. Customized contour fabrics are ideal for wearable devices for individualized fit and comfort in contact. The AM using silicone liquid rope coiling can fabricate the porous and 3D contour nonwoven fabrics with enhanced breathability and comfortability. The key challenge in the proposed fabrication is the inability to generate consistent coiling pattern because the nozzle orientation deviates from the surface normal vector. A five-axis machine for silicone extrusion AM of nonwoven fabrics was developed to continuously align the nozzle orientation continuously with the surface normal vector. Three cases of silicone printing by coiling were investigated: 1) 3-axis printing, 2) 4-axis printing with nozzle axis normal to the tangent of the toolpath, and 3) 5-axis printing with nozzle axis parallel to the base surface normal. The coiling pattern and geometrical accuracy of the contour fabrics are studied. Results show that the 5-axis AM can generate the consistent coiling pattern and the desired contour geometry to fabricate the silicone 3D contour nonwoven fabrics.

Structural characterization of laser ablated epitaxial (Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 thin films on MgO(001) by synchrotron x-ray scattering

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2905-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangsub Kim ◽  
Tae Soo Kang ◽  
Jung Ho Je
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Normal Direction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Surface Normal ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Axis Parallel ◽  
Ray Scattering

Epitaxial (Ba0.5Sr0.5) TiO3 thin films of two different thickness (∼25 and ∼134 nm) on MgO(001) prepared by a pulsed laser deposition method were studied by synchrotron x-ray scattering measurements. The film grew initially with a cube-on-cube relationship, maintaining it during further growth. As the film grew, the surface of the film became significantly rougher, but the interface between the film and the substrate did not. In the early stage of growth, the film was highly strained in a tetragonal structure (c/a = 1.04) with the longer axis parallel to the surface normal direction. As the growth proceeded further, it relaxed to a cubic structure with the lattice parameter near the bulk value, and the mosaic distribution improved significantly in both in- and out-of-plane directions. The thinner film (∼25 nm) showed only one domain limited mainly by the film thickness, but the thicker film (∼134 nm) exhibited three domains along the surface normal direction.

Testing of Aspheric Surface Normal Vector Based on Phase Measuring Deflectometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 0612007
Author(s):  
赵文川 Zhao Wenchuan ◽  
范斌 Fan Bin ◽  
伍凡 Wu Fan ◽  
苏显渝 Su Xianyu ◽  
陈文静 Chen Wenjing
Keyword(s):  
Normal Vector ◽  
Aspheric Surface ◽  
Surface Normal

Five-Axis HSM Tool-Path Planning of Integral Impeller

2010 ◽  
Vol 426-427 ◽  
pp. 572-576
Author(s):  
Can Zhao ◽  
Y.Y. Guo ◽  
Guang Bin Bu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Normal Vector ◽  
Manufacture Process ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Uniform Change

There are two key problems in the manufacture process of impeller with HSM(High Speed Machining). One is the collision between tool and blade, the other is gnawed-cutting arisen by non-uniform change of the cutter axis. The control algorithm of collision-free cutter-axis was described and applied in this paper. The cutter-axis vector was optimized by quaternary linear interpolation method to make normal vector of blade changing continuous, so. These methods were synthetically used in the manufacture experiment. And the qualified impeller was produced. It indicated that the tool vector control method was feasible.

Study on CAM Software for Additive Manufacturing with FDM Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Koizumi ◽  
Takehiro Kawamura ◽  
Tatsuya Mochizuki ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Shape Model ◽  
Combination Process ◽  
Hybrid Machine ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Cam Software

A prototype hybrid machine was manufactured by combining five-axis laminate-shaping and five-axis cutting, and a CAM was developed for additive manufacturing under simultaneous five-axis control. Using a CAD surface as a shape-model for the laminate-shaping, the reproducibility of a shape in laminate-shaping or cutting was successfully enhanced. Moreover, a combination process of laminate-shaping and cutting was successfully defined by decomposing a shape into multiple parts. The prototype machine and CAM developed were investigated in a case study, and their usability was confirmed.

scholarly journals An Approximation Mathematical Formula of Pattern Analysis for Distorted Reflector Antennas considering Surface Normal Vector Variation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shuxin Zhang ◽  
Guigeng Yang ◽  
Yiqun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Taylor Series ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Approximation Formula ◽  
Normal Vector ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Reflector Antennas ◽  
Mathematical Formula ◽  
Surface Normal ◽  
Nodal Displacements

An approximation mathematical formula to compute the distorted radiation pattern for reflector antennas is presented. In this approximation formula, besides the phase error caused by the structural deformation being added in the far field integral, the surface normal vector variation is also taken into consideration. The formula is derived by expanding the surface normal vector into a first-order Taylor series and the phase error into a second-order Taylor series. By assembling the integrals including the contributions of both surface normal vector variation and phase error, the far field electrical vector expressed as a function of structural nodal displacements is further obtained in a matrix form. Simulation results of a distorted reflector show the application of this formula.

scholarly journals A five-axis parallel kinematic mirror unit for soft X-ray beamlines at MAX IV

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Marcus Agåker ◽  
Frieder Mueller ◽  
Brian Norsk Jensen ◽  
Karl Åhnberg ◽  
Peter Sjöblom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Axis Parallel ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Grazing Incidence Optics ◽  
Parallel Kinematic ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Better Than

With the introduction of the multi-bend achromats in the new fourth-generation storage rings the emittance has decreased by an order of magnitude resulting in increased brightness. However, the higher brightness comes with smaller beam sizes and narrower radiation cones. As a consequence, the requirements on mechanical stability regarding the beamline components increases. Here an innovative five-axis parallel kinematic mirror unit for use with soft X-ray beamlines using off-axis grazing-incidence optics is presented. Using simulations and measurements from the HIPPIE beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory it is shown that it has no Eigen frequencies below 90 Hz. Its positioning accuracy is better than 25 nm linearly and 17–35 µrad angularly depending on the mirror chamber dimensions.

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