Mechatronic Integration of Magnetic Linear Encoding Medium Manufacturing

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Chen ◽  
Jen-Yuan (James) Chang
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Harsh Environment ◽  
Reference Mark ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Linear Encoder ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Linear encoder has been widely used in various position controls in industries, especially in machinery industry. The purpose of using linear encoders is to give precise position control in dynamic applications. Furthermore, using linear encoders helps minimize errors caused by human or mechanical problems such as backlash and thermal expansion [2]. There are various types of linear encoders such as mechanical, optical, magnetic, etc. Nevertheless, magnetic encoders are able to withstand harsh environment such as oil, grease, and dust much effective than the rest. Magnetic encoders have several advantageous qualities: low cost, fast response, and high reliability [1, 3]. Figure 1 shows the magnetic field of a magnetic scale where the yellow curves indicate the change of magnetic poles. The upper half of the scale is the incremental mark and the bottom half is the reference mark. Prior to magnetization, the scale has only the incremental mark, and the magnetizing process is to magnetize bottom half of the incremental mark into reference mark as shown in Fig. 1.

The Design of Spraying Manipulator Control System in Mines

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-605 ◽  
pp. 1157-1160
Author(s):  
Mei Yu ◽  
Guo Wei Liu ◽  
Bing Kong
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Open Loop Control ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Loop Control System ◽  
Manipulator Control

In view of the present mining spraying manipulator operation is not flexible ,spraying effect is poor, susceptible to interference and other issues, this paper studies and realizes a kind of low cost, strong practicability of spraying manipulator control system. Using S7-200PLC and 2MA860H drive to control the 86BYG250A stepper motor open-loop control system, and the precise position control is realized. By controlling of the x-y axis mine spraying manipulator. Validate the system operation is simple, highly efficient and stable, energy conservation and environmental protection, strong anti-jamming capability, it can be widely used in all kinds of mining equipment.

A New Line and Arc Interpolation Algorithm Based on the Speed Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 1697-1702
Author(s):  
Shi Shi Qiu ◽  
Guo Jin Ma ◽  
Zhan Xiong Wu ◽  
Jia Xiang Lou
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Orthogonal Decomposition ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Interpolation Algorithm ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Ac Servo ◽  
Servo Controller ◽  
Control Machine

AC servo controller have the characters of precise position control and fast response, which makes itself promising in the application of numerical control machine. A new line and arc interpolation algorithm is proposed in this paper, which controls the stepping size of z axis by orthogonal decomposition given the stepping size of x axis.The algorithm has the advantages of high interpolation speed. At last, an experiment is conducted to verify the algorithm.

Development of an Over-Temperature Supervising System of Switch Cabinet Based on Gas Sensing Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Le ◽  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Cao Wang ◽  
Zhi-chun Yang ◽  
Hao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Temperature State

Abstract Existing over-temperature supervising (OTS) systems available for switch cabinet, even those based on advanced optical fiber sensing technology, are unable to satisfy the critical requirements such as reliability, safety, practicability and economy simultaneously. In this paper, a novel OTS scheme that take a special kind of gas to carry the signal indicating the over-temperature state of a switch cabinet is developed elaborately. Serving for the CO2 gas which has comprehensive and overwhelming superiorities in situation of OTS, a gas storage unit that is composed of a hard plastic crust and an inner tubular airbag, a gas releasing mechanism that consists of bimetallic and acupuncture, and a gas sensing terminal are designed artfully. The overall OTS system is finally developed by integrating these three parts with a background server via wireless communication technology. The advantages of the proposed system, such as high reliability and safety, fast response speed and universal applicability have been proven by lab tests and field experiments. Moreover, the inherent low cost and easy installation and maintenance features of our scheme facilitate the development of OTS systems for other electrical devices in power system.

Modelling of bacterial removal in wastewater storage reservoir for irrigation purposes: a case study in Sicily, Italy

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Barbagallo ◽  
F. Brissaud ◽  
G.L. Cirelli ◽  
S. Consoli ◽  
P. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Storage Reservoirs

In arid and semiarid regions the reclamation and reuse of municipal wastewater can play a strategic role in alleviating water resources shortages. Public awareness is growing about the need to recycle and reuse water for increasing supply availability. Many wastewater reuse projects have been put in operation in European and Mediterranean countries adopting extensive treatment systems such as aquifer recharge, lagooning, constructed wetlands, and storage reservoirs, mainly for landscape and agricultural irrigation. In agricultural reuse systems, there is an increasing interest in extensive technologies because of their high reliability, and easy and low cost operation and maintenance. Wastewater storage reservoirs have become the option selected in many countries because of the advantages they present in comparison with other treatment alternatives, namely the coupling of two purposes, stabilization and seasonal regulation. This paper describes an example of a wastewater storage system, built in Caltagirone (Sicily, Italy). The storage results in a tertiary treatment of a continuous inlet flow of activated sludge effluents. The prediction of the microbiological water quality has been evaluated by means of a non-steady-state first-order kinetic model. Single and multiple regressions were applied to determine the main variables that most significantly affected die-off coefficients. The proposed model has been calibrated using the results of a field monitoring carried out during a period from March to October 2000.

scholarly journals A Full-Range Flexible and Printed Humidity Sensor Based on a Solution-Processed P(VDF-TrFE)/Graphene-Flower Composite

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1915
Author(s):  
Shenawar Ali Khan ◽  
Muhammad Saqib ◽  
Muhammad Muqeet Rehman ◽  
Hafiz Mohammad Mutee Ur Rehman ◽  
Sheik Abdur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Layer ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Full Range ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Relative Humidity Range ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Proportional Relationship

A novel composite based on a polymer (P(VDF-TrFE)) and a two-dimensional material (graphene flower) was proposed as the active layer of an interdigitated electrode (IDEs) based humidity sensor. Silver (Ag) IDEs were screen printed on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate followed by spin coating the active layer of P(VDF-TrFE)/graphene flower on its surface. It was observed that this sensor responds to a wide relative humidity range (RH%) of 8–98% with a fast response and recovery time of 0.8 s and 2.5 s for the capacitance, respectively. The fabricated sensor displayed an inversely proportional response between capacitance and RH%, while a directly proportional relationship was observed between its impedance and RH%. P(VDF-TrFE)/graphene flower-based flexible humidity sensor exhibited high sensitivity with an average change of capacitance as 0.0558 pF/RH%. Stability of obtained results was monitored for two weeks without any considerable change in the original values, signifying its high reliability. Various chemical, morphological, and electrical characterizations were performed to comprehensively study the humidity-sensing behavior of this advanced composite. The fabricated sensor was successfully used for the applications of health monitoring and measuring the water content in the environment.

scholarly journals A Nonlinear Magnetic Stabilization Control Design for an Externally Manipulated DC Motor: An Academic Low-Cost Experimental Platform

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Leonardo Acho
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Flexible Beam ◽  
Experimental Platform ◽  
Hall Effect Sensor ◽  
Vibrational Control

The main objective of this paper is to present a position control design to a DC-motor, where the set-point is externally supplied. The controller is conceived by using vibrational control theory and implemented by just processing the time derivative of a Hall-effect sensor signal. Vibrational control is robust against model uncertainties. Hence, for control design, a simple mathematical model of a DC-Motor is invoked. Then, this controller is realized by utilizing analog electronics via operational amplifiers. In the experimental set-up, one extreme of a flexible beam attached to the motor shaft, and with a permanent magnet fixed on the other end, is constructed. Therefore, the control action consists of externally manipulating the flexible beam rotational position by driving a moveable Hall-effect sensor that is located facing the magnet. The experimental platform results in a low-priced device and is useful for teaching control and electronic topics. Experimental results are evidenced to support the main paper contribution.

Electrostatic bellow muscle actuators and energy harvesters that stack up

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (51) ◽  
pp. eaaz5796
Author(s):  
I. D. Sîrbu ◽  
G. Moretti ◽  
G. Bortolotti ◽  
M. Bolignari ◽  
S. Diré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Out Of Plane

Future robotic systems will be pervasive technologies operating autonomously in unknown spaces that are shared with humans. Such complex interactions make it compulsory for them to be lightweight, soft, and efficient in a way to guarantee safety, robustness, and long-term operation. Such a set of qualities can be achieved using soft multipurpose systems that combine, integrate, and commute between conventional electromechanical and fluidic drives, as well as harvest energy during inactive actuation phases for increased energy efficiency. Here, we present an electrostatic actuator made of thin films and liquid dielectrics combined with rigid polymeric stiffening elements to form a circular electrostatic bellow muscle (EBM) unit capable of out-of-plane contraction. These units are easy to manufacture and can be arranged in arrays and stacks, which can be used as a contractile artificial muscle, as a pump for fluid-driven soft robots, or as an energy harvester. As an artificial muscle, EBMs of 20 to 40 millimeters in diameter can exert forces of up to 6 newtons, lift loads over a hundred times their own weight, and reach contractions of over 40% with strain rates over 1200% per second, with a bandwidth over 10 hertz. As a pump driver, these EBMs produce flow rates of up to 0.63 liters per minute and maximum pressure head of 6 kilopascals, whereas as generator, they reach a conversion efficiency close to 20%. The compact shape, low cost, simple assembling procedure, high reliability, and large contractions make the EBM a promising technology for high-performance robotic systems.

scholarly journals Clustering-Based Component Fraction Estimation in Solid–Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Dredging Engineering

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5697
Author(s):  
Chang Sun ◽  
Shihong Yue ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Huaxiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
New Method ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Reference Distribution ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Solid Liquid

Component fraction (CF) is one of the most important parameters in multiple-phase flow. Due to the complexity of the solid–liquid two-phase flow, the CF estimation remains unsolved both in scientific research and industrial application for a long time. Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is an advanced type of conductivity detection technique due to its low-cost, fast-response, non-invasive, and non-radiation characteristics. However, when the existing ERT method is used to measure the CF value in solid–liquid two-phase flow in dredging engineering, there are at least three problems: (1) the dependence of reference distribution whose CF value is zero; (2) the size of the detected objects may be too small to be found by ERT; and (3) there is no efficient way to estimate the effect of artifacts in ERT. In this paper, we proposed a method based on the clustering technique, where a fast-fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to partition the ERT image to three clusters that respond to liquid, solid phases, and their mixtures and artifacts, respectively. The clustering algorithm does not need any reference distribution in the CF estimation. In the case of small solid objects or artifacts, the CF value remains effectively computed by prior information. To validate the new method, a group of typical CF estimations in dredging engineering were implemented. Results show that the new method can effectively overcome the limitations of the existing method, and can provide a practical and more accurate way for CF estimation.

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