Comparative Study on Thermal Behavior of Lithium-Ion Battery Systems With Indirect Air Cooling and Indirect Liquid Cooling

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Yeow ◽  
Ho Teng ◽  
Marina Thelliez ◽  
Eugene Tan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Cooling Channels ◽  
Flow Channels ◽  
Li Ion

A comparative study is conducted on the thermal behavior of three Li-ion battery modules with two cooled indirectly with air and one cooled indirectly with liquid. All three battery modules are stacked with the same twelve 8Ahr high-power pouch Li-ion battery cells. Heat generated from the cells is dissipated through 1-mm thick aluminum cooling plates sandwiched between two cells in the module. Each of the cooling plates has an extended surface for heat dissipation. The battery heat is dissipated through the cooling fins exposed in air flow channels in the case of air cooling, and through the extended cooling plate surfaces that are in contact with a liquid-cooled cold plate in the case of liquid cooling. The cell temperatures are analyzed using a simplified Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model for battery cooling. Simulation results show that with air cooling channels structured similar to that of compact heat exchangers, the air utilization and effectiveness of air cooling can be improved significantly. With proper design of the air cooling channels (i.e. with fin inserts in the air flow channels), indirect air cooling could reach a cooling condition comparable to that of indirect liquid cooling and obtain a higher gravimetric energy density with the same cooling-related parasitic volume in the battery system as long as the cell heat rejection is < 10 W/cell.

Li-Ion Battery Pack Thermal Management: Liquid Versus Air Cooling

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taeyoung Han ◽  
Bahram Khalighi ◽  
Erik C. Yen ◽  
Shailendra Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
High Heat Transfer ◽  
Li Ion

Abstract The Li-ion battery operation life is strongly dependent on the operating temperature and the temperature variation that occurs within each individual cell. Liquid-cooling is very effective in removing substantial amounts of heat with relatively low flow rates. On the other hand, air-cooling is simpler, lighter, and easier to maintain. However, for achieving similar cooling performance, a much higher volumetric air flow rate is required due to its lower heat capacity. This paper describes the fundamental differences between air-cooling and liquid-cooling applications in terms of basic flow and heat transfer parameters for Li-ion battery packs in terms of QITD (inlet temperature difference). For air-cooling concepts with high QITD, one must focus on heat transfer devices with relatively high heat transfer coefficients (100–150 W/m2/K) at air flow rates of 300–400 m3/h, low flow induced noise, and low-pressure drops. This can be achieved by using turbulators, such as delta winglets. The results show that the design concepts based on delta winglets can achieve QITD of greater than 150 W/K.

A comparative study between air cooling and liquid cooling thermal management systems for a high-energy lithium-ion battery module

2021 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 117503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Akbarzadeh ◽  
Theodoros Kalogiannis ◽  
Joris Jaguemont ◽  
Lu Jin ◽  
Hamidreza Behi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Battery Module

scholarly journals Design of an Optimized Thermal Management System for Li-Ion Batteries under Different Discharging Conditions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Bhattacharjee ◽  
Rakesh K. Mohanty ◽  
Aritra Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Peak Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Liquid Cooling System

The design of an optimized thermal management system for Li-ion batteries has challenges because of their stringent operating temperature limit and thermal runaway, which may lead to an explosion. In this paper, an optimized cooling system is proposed for kW scale Li-ion battery stack. A comparative study of the existing cooling systems; air cooling and liquid cooling respectively, has been carried out on three cell stack 70Ah LiFePO4 battery at a high discharging rate of 2C. It has been found that the liquid cooling is more efficient than air cooling as the peak temperature of the battery stack gets reduced by 30.62% using air cooling whereas using the liquid cooling method it gets reduced by 38.40%. The performance of the liquid cooling system can further be improved if the contact area between the coolant and battery stack is increased. Therefore, in this work, an immersion-based liquid cooling system has been designed to ensure the maximum heat dissipation. The battery stack having a peak temperature of 49.76 °C at 2C discharging rate is reduced by 44.87% to 27.43 °C after using the immersion-based cooling technique. The proposed thermal management scheme is generalized and thus can be very useful for scalable Li-ion battery storage applications also.

Thermal Analysis of Li-ion Battery

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 450-455
Author(s):  
Gaoussou Hadia Fofana ◽  
You Tong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
3D Fea ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Prismatic Cell ◽  
Battery Cells

Abstract. The paper has built 3D-FEA models to simulate the electro-thermal behavior of Li-ion battery cells with Pouch Cell and Prismatic Cell by ANSYS. As for two models, the Li-ion battery system is simplified as a single equivalent battery layer (Pouch Cell) or multiple equivalent battery layers (Prismatic Cell) with the equivalent electrodes and separator. They were simulated under air cooling conditions. Simulations were compared with available battery temperature measurements. This shows that the 3D electro-thermal model applied in this study characterizes the electro-thermal behavior of the Li-ion battery cells reasonably well.

scholarly journals Real Time Design and Implementation of State of Charge Estimators for a Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Cobalt Battery with Applicability in HEVs/EVs—A Comparative Study

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolae Tudoroiu ◽  
Mohammed Zaheeruddin ◽  
Roxana-Elena Tudoroiu
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Soc Estimation ◽  
Battery Model ◽  
Li Ion

Estimating the state of charge (SOC) of Li-ion batteries is an essential task of battery management systems for hybrid and electric vehicles. Encouraged by some preliminary results from the control systems field, the goal of this work is to design and implement in a friendly real-time MATLAB simulation environment two Li-ion battery SOC estimators, using as a case study a rechargeable battery of 5.4 Ah cobalt lithium-ion type. The choice of cobalt Li-ion battery model is motivated by its promising potential for future developments in the HEV/EVs applications. The model validation is performed using the software package ADVISOR 3.2, widely spread in the automotive industry. Rigorous performance analysis of both SOC estimators is done in terms of speed convergence, estimation accuracy and robustness, based on the MATLAB simulation results. The particularity of this research work is given by the results of its comprehensive and exciting comparative study that successfully achieves all the goals proposed by the research objectives. In this scientific research study, a practical MATLAB/Simscape battery model is adopted and validated based on the results obtained from three different driving cycles tests and is in accordance with the required specifications. In the new modelling version, it is a simple and accurate model, easy to implement in real-time and offers beneficial support for the design and MATLAB implementation of both SOC estimators. Also, the adaptive extended Kalman filter SOC estimation performance is excellent and comparable to those presented in the state-of-the-art SOC estimation methods analysis.

Enhancing Co/Co2VO4 Li-ion Battery Anode Performances via 2D-2D Heterostructure Engineering

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Yongyuan Hu ◽  
Jian Pei ◽  
Fengyang Jing ◽  
Zhongzheng Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Anode Material ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Battery Anode

High capacity Co2VO4 becomes a potential anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) benefiting from its lower output voltage during cycling than other cobalt vanadates. However, the application of this...

Real-Time Estimation of Lithium-Ion Concentration in Both Electrodes of a Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Utilizing Electrochemical–Thermal Coupling

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satadru Dey ◽  
Beshah Ayalew
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Unscented Kalman Filter ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Thermal Dynamics ◽  
Estimation Scheme ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Li Ion

This paper proposes and demonstrates an estimation scheme for Li-ion concentrations in both electrodes of a Li-ion battery cell. The well-known observability deficiencies in the two-electrode electrochemical models of Li-ion battery cells are first overcome by extending them with a thermal evolution model. Essentially, coupling of electrochemical–thermal dynamics emerging from the fact that the lithium concentrations contribute to the entropic heat generation is utilized to overcome the observability issue. Then, an estimation scheme comprised of a cascade of a sliding-mode observer and an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is constructed that exploits the resulting structure of the coupled model. The approach gives new real-time estimation capabilities for two often-sought pieces of information about a battery cell: (1) estimation of cell-capacity and (2) tracking the capacity loss due to degradation mechanisms such as lithium plating. These capabilities are possible since the two-electrode model needs not be reduced further to a single-electrode model by adding Li conservation assumptions, which do not hold with long-term operation. Simulation studies are included for the validation of the proposed scheme. Effect of measurement noise and parametric uncertainties is also included in the simulation results to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme.

Effects of SiO2 particles in copper current collector on diffusion induced stresses in layered Li-ion battery electrodes

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110036
Author(s):  
Roozbeh Pouyanmehr ◽  
Morteza Pakseresht ◽  
Reza Ansari ◽  
Mohammad Kazem Hassanzadeh-Aghdam
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Current Collectors ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Induced Stresses ◽  
Copper Composite

One of the limiting factors in the life of lithium-ion batteries is the diffusion-induced stresses on their electrodes that cause cracking and consequently, failure. Therefore, improving the structure of these electrodes to be able to withstand these stresses is one of the ways that can extend the life of the batteries as well as improve their safety. In this study, the effects of adding graphene nanoplatelets and microparticles into the active plate and current collectors, respectively, on the diffusion induced stresses in both layered and bilayered electrodes are numerically investigated. The micromechanical models are employed to predict the mechanical properties of both graphene nanoplatelet-reinforced Sn-based nanocomposite active plate and silica microparticle-reinforced copper composite current collector. The effect of particle size and volume fraction in the current collector on diffusion induced stresses has been studied. The results show that in electrodes with a higher volume fraction of particles and smaller particle radii, decreased diffusion induced stresses in both the active plate and the current collector are observed. These additions will also result in a significant decrease in the bending of the electrode.

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