Efficient Solar Thermal Processes From Carbon Based to Carbon Free Hydrogen Production

Solar Energy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Sattler ◽  
Martin Roeb ◽  
Nathalie Monnerie ◽  
Daniela Graf ◽  
Stephan Mo¨ller
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy Carrier ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Free Hydrogen ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

The potential of hydrogen to be the energy carrier of the future is widely accepted. Today more than 90% of hydrogen is produced by cost effective technologies from fossil sources mainly by steam reforming of natural gas and coal gasification. But hydrogen is not important as an energy carrier yet — it is mainly a chemical. To finally benefit from hydrogen as a fuel it has to be produced greenhouse gas free in large quantities. Therefore these two tasks have to be connected by a strategy incorporating transition steps. Solar thermal processes have the potential to be the most effective alternatives for large scale hydrogen production in the future. Therefore high temperature solar technologies are under development for the different steps on the stair to renewable hydrogen. This paper discusses the strategy based on the efficiencies of the chosen solar processes incorporating carbonaceous materials as well as processes based on water splitting. And the availability of the technologies. A comparison with the most common industrial processes shall demonstrate which endeavors have to be done to establish renewable hydrogen as a fuel.

Examples of Solar Thermal Fuel Production

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Sattler ◽  
Hans Mu¨ller-Steinhagen ◽  
Martin Roeb ◽  
Dennis Thomey ◽  
Martina Neises
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Final Goal ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Free Hydrogen ◽  
Energy Economy

The conversion of renewable energy especially solar energy into versatile fuels is a key technology for an innovative and sustainable energy economy. To finally benefit from solar fuels they have to be produced with high efficiencies and low to no greenhouse gas emissions in large quantities. The final goal will most probably be the carbon free fuel hydrogen. But the main challenge is its market introduction. Therefore a strategy incorporating transition steps has to be developed. Solar thermal processes have the potential to be amongst the most efficient alternatives for large scale solar fuel production in the future. Therefore high temperature solar technologies are under development for the different development steps up to the final goal of carbon free hydrogen. This paper discusses the strategy based on the efficiencies of the chosen solar processes incorporating carbonaceous materials for a fast market introduction and processes based on water splitting for long term solar hydrogen generation. A comparison with the most common industrial processes shall demonstrate which endeavors have to be done to establish solar fuels.

The Sotacarbo coal gasification experimental plant for a CO2-free hydrogen production

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (18) ◽  
pp. 9836-9844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Pettinau ◽  
Alessandro Orsini ◽  
Gabriele Calì ◽  
Francesca Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Free Hydrogen

scholarly journals Potential Renewable Hydrogen from Curtailed Electricity to Decarbonize ASEAN’s Emissions: Policy Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Phoumin ◽  
Fukunari Kimura ◽  
Jun Arima
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

The power generation mix of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is dominated by fossil fuels, which accounted for almost 80% in 2017 and are expected to account for 82% in 2050 if the region does not transition to cleaner energy systems. Solar and wind power are the most abundant energy resources but contribute negligibly to the power mix. Investors in solar or wind farms face high risks from electricity curtailment if surplus electricity is not used. Employing the policy scenario analysis of the energy outlook modelling results, this paper examines the potential scalability of renewable hydrogen production from curtailed electricity in scenarios of high share of variable renewable energy in the power generation mix. The study found that ASEAN has high potential in developing renewable hydrogen production from curtailed electricity. The study further found that the falling cost of renewable hydrogen production could be a game changer to upscaling the large-scale hydrogen production in ASEAN through policy support. The results implied a future role of renewable hydrogen in energy transition to decarbonize ASEAN’s emissions.

One-step large-scale highly active g-C3N4 nanosheets for efficient sunlight-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (32) ◽  
pp. 10678-10684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waheed Iqbal ◽  
Bocheng Qiu ◽  
Juying Lei ◽  
Lingzhi Wang ◽  
Jinlong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
One Step ◽  
Hydrogen Utilization

The development of highly active, cost-effective, environmentally friendly and stable g-C3N4 based photocatalysts for H2 evolution is one of the most anticipated potential pathways for future hydrogen utilization.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Production Analysis: Prospects for Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Nataliia Kovalenko ◽  
Taras Hutsol ◽  
Vitalii Kovalenko ◽  
Szymon Glowacki ◽  
Sergii Kokovikhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Technologies ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Over the last few years, hydrogen energy has shifted from a little-studied field to the main one with which leading western countries associate the prospects of their national economies. The reasons are the unprecedented pace of development of hydrogen technologies. It turned out that they are able to provide significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, and thus bring closer the solution to the problem of global climate change. The first and foremost purpose of our investigation is to reveal that our country has ample opportunities to become the main supplier of hydrogen to the EU market, overtaking North Africa in the competition. Using the methods, authors studied the targets of the European funds towards development of energy production from biohydrogen, studied the potential for the implementation of hydrogen projects, possibilities of financing them and a potential ability of Ukraine to form internal and external markets for hydrogen energy. One of the main issues of Ukraine's possible participation in Europe's hydrogen energy program as a supplier and producer of renewable hydrogen is the possibility of its technically safe and cost-effective transportation to EU countries. As a conclusion to the authors’ research, the path of the hydrogen industry development in Ukraine will help to receive additional investments in the Ukrainian economy for creation of new capacities for "green" hydrogen production. In return, Europe will receive research and evolution of the bioenergy component of the economy, which will permit the safe transition of Europeans to an affordable, competitive, and stable energy system.

Recent developments in heterogeneous photocatalysts for solar-driven overall water splitting

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 2109-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Can Li ◽  
Kazunari Domen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Overall Water Splitting ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

Overall water splitting based on particulate photocatalysts is an easily constructed and cost-effective technology for the conversion of abundant solar energy into clean and renewable hydrogen energy on a large scale.

Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
pp. 151-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Chaturvedi ◽  
Pragnesh N. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production ◽  
Efficient Storage ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the efficient storage of solar energy in chemical fuels. It is essential for the large-scale utilization of solar energy systems. The production of clean and renewable hydrogen via photocatalysis has received much attention due to the increasing global energy need. In the chapter we are mainly discussed about photocatalytic method for hydrogen production. All other reported method and mechanism of hydrogen production are also summarized here.

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