Use of Spoolable Pipe Technologies As a Means for Rehabilitating Small Diameter High Pressure Pipeline Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantz Denowh ◽  
Chris Alexander ◽  
Frank Cox ◽  
Richard Kania
Keyword(s):  
Small Diameter ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
Scale Test

Abstract The aging infrastructure of pipeline systems around the world requires operators to explore novel and innovative methods for rehabilitating pipelines. Conventional repair methods involve the installation of steel sleeves or composite repair systems. While these repair methods are reliable and provide operators with options for pipeline repair, a major drawback is the requirement that pipelines must be excavated. Activities related to excavation have inherent risk in the form of personnel and environment safety along with the applicable cost of excavation activities. If extensive flaws are present in a pipeline system, efforts associated with a comprehensive pipeline repair system can be cost-prohibitive. Additionally, the rehabilitation of pipelines that were installed via horizontal direction drilling, using current repair methods, is near to impossible. This paper provides an in-depth presentation on a comprehensive study completed to evaluate the use of a spoolable pipeline technology as a means for rehabilitating pipelines. Results are included from an industry survey with responses from 15 pipeline operators on the use of spoolable pipe technologies. One outcome from the survey was the lack of full-scale test data associated with combined loading, which was a central feature in the current study. The combined loads considered in the year-long study included burst testing and cyclic pressure testing utilizing torsion, axial tension, and axial compression loads. More than 30 full-scale test samples were destructively tested in combined loading scenarios, utilizing up to 100,000 pressure cycles to the full operating pressure of the pipeline system. The approach employed in this study, and the associated test results, provides a model for evaluating a spoolable pipeline technology prior to implementation for rehabilitating pipelines. This approach is in addition to the required product qualification standards accepted by industry.

Strain Capacity of Large Diameter Pipes: Full Scale Investigation With Influence of Girth Weld, Strip End Weld and Ageing Effects

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Höhler ◽  
Hossein Karbasian ◽  
Alexander Gering ◽  
Christoph Kalwa ◽  
Brahim Ouaissa
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Test Series ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Strain Capacity ◽  
Ageing Effects ◽  
Bending Load ◽  
Pipe Joints ◽  
Scale Test

The strain capacity of pipes under combined loading is a significant research topic if the pipes are provided for Strain Based Design scenarios. Displacement controlled scenarios such as ground movements may significantly affect transmission pipelines by inducing large amounts of plastic axial strains, which need to be considered in the design process. For these combined loading cases with internal pressure combined with pronounced longitudinal strains from environmental conditions it is essential to evaluate critical deformations on the one hand and to conclude the required structural performance and material parameters, on the other hand. Also pipe laying procedures introduce axial strains in pipes and pipe strings, e.g. cold bending of pipes for onshore pipelines, or S-Laying of offshore pipelines in combination with external pressure. For these cases also the strain capacity of the pipes and pipe connections must be guaranteed. In any case, the structural behaviour needs to be checked via full-scale tests to confirm and validate engineering approaches and computational models. This paper presents a full-scale test series of UOE pipe X70 (OD = 914 mm, WT = 14.1 mm) and Spiral welded pipe X70 (OD = 1016 mm, WT = 20 mm) subject to internal pressure and bending load. Full-scale 4-point-bending tests on pipe joints subject to internal pressure were performed. The test series included the influence of girth weld, strip end weld for spiral pipe, and ageing effects of thermal treatment from coating process. The local bending strains measured via strain gauges and via optical strain measurements in the bending zone are evaluated for the tensile and compressive zone and discussed with respect to existing buckling models. The results of the full-scale test program confirmed that the weld connections of the pipe joints are capable of withstanding bending load. The effects of the girth weld and strip end weld during bending test are analyzed and discussed. The test results are extended by finite element simulations that widen the experimental parameter range.

Full-Scale Test on Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Processes in Engineered Barrier System

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Yoshiji Moro ◽  
Tomoo Fujita ◽  
Takeshi Kanno ◽  
Akira Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Engineered Barrier

The assessment of particulate matter (PM2.5) removal efficiency on air cleaner products through full scale test in Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kichul Kim ◽  
Pil-Ju Park ◽  
Soomi Eo ◽  
Seungmi Kwon ◽  
Kwangrae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Air Cleaner ◽  
Scale Test

Predicting Roof Diaphragm and Endwall Stiffness From Full-Scale Test Results of a Metal-Clad, Post-Frame Building

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Gebremedhin ◽  
J. A. Bartsch ◽  
M. C. Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Frame Building ◽  
Scale Test

Design of Pipeline Composite Repairs: From Lab Scale Tests to FEA and Full Scale Testing

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remy Her ◽  
Jacques Renard ◽  
Vincent Gaffard ◽  
Yves Favry ◽  
Paul Wiet
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Composite Repair ◽  
Repair Systems ◽  
Composite Properties

Composite repair systems are used for many years to restore locally the pipe strength where it has been affected by damage such as wall thickness reduction due to corrosion, dent, lamination or cracks. Composite repair systems are commonly qualified, designed and installed according to ASME PCC2 code or ISO 24817 standard requirements. In both of these codes, the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) of the damaged section must be determined to design the composite repair. To do so, codes such as ASME B31G for example for corrosion, are used. The composite repair systems is designed to “bridge the gap” between the MAWP of the damaged pipe and the original design pressure. The main weakness of available approaches is their applicability to combined loading conditions and various types of defects. The objective of this work is to set-up a “universal” methodology to design the composite repair by finite element calculations with directly taking into consideration the loading conditions and the influence of the defect on pipe strength (whatever its geometry and type). First a program of mechanical tests is defined to allow determining all the composite properties necessary to run the finite elements calculations. It consists in compression and tensile tests in various directions to account for the composite anisotropy and of Arcan tests to determine steel to composite interface behaviors in tension and shear. In parallel, a full scale burst test is performed on a repaired pipe section where a local wall thinning is previously machined. For this test, the composite repair was designed according to ISO 24817. Then, a finite element model integrating damaged pipe and composite repair system is built. It allowed simulating the test, comparing the results with experiments and validating damage models implemented to capture the various possible types of failures. In addition, sensitivity analysis considering composite properties variations evidenced by experiments are run. The composite behavior considered in this study is not time dependent. No degradation of the composite material strength due to ageing is taking into account. The roadmap for the next steps of this work is to clearly identify the ageing mechanisms, to perform tests in relevant conditions and to introduce ageing effects in the design process (and in particular in the composite constitutive laws).

Numerical evaluation of contaminants mixing uniformity in a full-scale test chamber with mixing fan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2097902
Author(s):  
Hai-Xia Xu ◽  
Yu-Tong Mu ◽  
Yin-Ping Zhang ◽  
Wen-Quan Tao
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Concentration Region ◽  
Airflow Field ◽  
Scale Test

Most existing models and standards for volatile organic compounds emission assume that contaminants are uniform in the testing devices. In this study, a three-dimensional transient numerical model was proposed to simulate the mass transport process based on a full-scale test chamber with a mixing fan, and the airflow field and contaminants concentration distribution were obtained within the chamber under airtight and ventilated conditions. The model was validated by comparing the numerical results with experimental data. The numerical results show that the contaminant source position and the airflow field characteristics have significant impact on the contaminant mixing, and the fan rotation has an important role in accelerating mixing. In the initial mixing stage, the concentration distribution is obviously uneven; as the mixing progresses, it gradually reaches acceptable uniformity except for some sensitive regions, such as high concentration region at the injection point of the contaminants and low concentration region at the air inlet. To ensure test accuracy, the monitor should avoid above sensitive regions; and some special regions are recommended where contaminant concentration uniformity can be reached sooner. The ventilated chamber results indicate that the mixture of contaminants in the chamber is actually better than the results shown by conventional test method.

Design and full scale test of the fuel handling system

2002 ◽  
Vol 218 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G Liu ◽  
H.L Xiao ◽  
C.P Li
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Handling System ◽  
Scale Test

Instrumented Full Scale Test and Numerical Analysis to Investigate Performance of Bamboo Pile-Mattress System as Soil Reinforcement for Coastal Embankment on Soft Clay

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 2132-2137
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Geotechnical Engineering ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Scale Test

Removed due to plagiarism. The original was published by: Liu, Deng and Chu (eds) © 2008 Science Press Beijing and Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg Geotechnical Engineering for Disaster Mitigation and Rehabilitation http://www.ftsl.itb.ac.id/kk/geotechnical_engineering/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/irsyam-165.pdf

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