Development of the UKOPA Strategy for the Management of Ageing Pipelines

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Goodfellow ◽  
Jane Haswell ◽  
Graeme Pailor ◽  
Peter Davis ◽  
Rod McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Ground Movement ◽  
External Interference ◽  
Frequency Model ◽  
Common View ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Product Loss ◽  
Failure Models ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators Association (UKOPA) was formed by UK pipeline operators in 1996 to provide a common forum for representing pipeline operators’ interests in the safe management of pipelines. This includes ensuring that UK pipeline codes include good practice, and that there is a common view in terms of compliance with these codes. To achieve this UKOPA has carried out a number of technical initiatives and studies to establish good practice requirements for UK operators which aim to ensure pipeline integrity is managed such that the risks posed by pipelines are as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP) in accordance with UK goal-setting safety legislation. UKOPA has developed Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) methodology which is published in UK standards and detailed guidance on the derivation of pipeline specific external interference failure frequencies, which have previously been published at IPC. The external interference frequency model is based on an analysis of data recorded in the UKOPA fault database which records product loss and damage data for UK major accident hazard pipelines from 1962 onwards. The database currently has a total length of 22,158 km of pipelines with over 877,598 km years of operating experience. The failure data is sparse, with only 192 product loss incidents, so where possible damage data and engineering failure models are used to develop reliable pipeline failure rates. To date this work has concentrated on the random failure causes of external interference and ground movement, which generate the major residual risk posed by pipelines in the UK. The majority of the UK pipeline population is now older than the original 40 years target design life. Consequently, the current UKOPA strategy is focused on the issues which affect the integrity and risk management of ageing pipelines. This requires the investigation of potential damage mechanisms which may affect older pipelines, including the impact of degradation of components which are no longer allowed by current standards, such as pipeline sleeves (casings), the degradation of damage which occurred during original construction and the assessment of the impact of material and weld quality standards typical of older pipelines. The work currently being undertaken by UKOPA involves first the assessment of the impact on integrity, then the development of engineering failure models, and finally the application of the models to the UK pipeline population to predict failure frequencies which are then compared with recorded data. This paper describes the assessment of the UKOPA damage data to identify indications of age related damage and deterioration trends, the development of practical integrity models for the assessment of pipeline sleeves and construction dents and the application of these models to the UK pipeline population. It also discusses an approach developed for UKOPA ethylene pipeline operators to assess population developments adjacent to existing pipelines.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a patient and public involvement training programme for researchers at a large biomedical research centre in the UK

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e047995
Author(s):  
Rosamund Yu ◽  
Bec Hanley ◽  
Simon Denegri ◽  
Jaber Ahmed ◽  
Nicholas J McNally
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Patient And Public Involvement ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Major Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesTo design, deliver and evaluate a programme of training workshops for biomedical researchers aimed at building confidence and skills in actively involving patients and the public (PPI) in research.DesignA bespoke programme of training workshops in PPI aimed at researchers.SettingA large National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre in London and several partner organisations.Participants721 scientists, clinicians and research managers attending dedicated training in PPI at a major London NHS (National Health Service)–university partnership.InterventionsA programme of 72 training workshops, designed to build practical skills and confidence for researchers working with patients and the public in research, was delivered at a major research-active NHS:university partnership. An iterative approach was taken to the programme, with the content of the workshops continually reviewed and refreshed to respond to the needs of researchers. Surveys before, immediately following and 6 months after training investigated the impact on researchers’ confidence and skills in PPI work, and the kind of PPI they subsequently carried out.ResultsTraining brought about immediate marked increases in researchers’ self-reported confidence to carry out PPI activities within their research, and in their knowledge of good practice. The evaluation indicates that workshop attendees were more likely to involve patients in their research following training. Researchers tended to involve patients and the public in a range of areas, including input to study design and patient information, in particular.ConclusionsWhen positioned within a broader organisational strategy for PPI in research, such training has an important role to play in progressing PPI in a major research partnership. Training appeared to provide the confidence needed to carry out PPI which enabled further development of confidence and skills. Involving researchers who have attended the training in the ongoing development of the programme and bringing in patients to the training programme are key next steps.

An Update to the Recommended UKOPA External Interference Frequency Prediction Model and Pipeline Damage Distributions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Goodfellow ◽  
Chris Lyons ◽  
Susannah Turner ◽  
Fraser Gray ◽  
Simon Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
External Interference ◽  
Failure Frequency ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Product Loss ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Incident Rates

The United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators Association (UKOPA) was formed by UK pipeline operators to provide a common forum for representing operators interests in the safe management of pipelines. This includes providing historical failure statistics for use in pipeline quantitative risk assessment and UKOPA maintain a database to record this data. The UKOPA database holds data on product loss failures of UK major accident hazard pipelines from 1962 onwards and currently has a total length of 21,845 km of pipelines reporting. Overall exposure from 1952 to 2016 is 927,351 km years of operating experience with a total of 197 product loss incidents since 1962. The low number of failures means that the historical failure rate for pipelines of some specific diameters, wall thicknesses and material grades is zero or statistically insignificant. It is unreasonable to assume that the failure rate for these pipelines is actually zero. In addition to product loss incidents, the UKOPA database contains extensive data on measured part wall damage that did not cause product loss, unlike the European Gas Incident data Group (EGIG) database, which also includes the UK gas transmission pipeline product loss data. The data on damage to pipelines caused by external interference can be assessed to derive statistical distribution parameters describing the expected gouge and dent dimensions resulting from an incident. Overall external interference incident rates for different class locations can also be determined. These distributions and incident rates can be used in structural reliability based techniques to predict the failure frequency due to external interference for a given set of pipeline parameters. The current distributions of external interference damage were derived from data up to 2009 and presented as Weibull distributions for gouge depth, gouge length and dent depth. Analysis undertaken for the COOLTRANS CO2 pipeline project, undertaken by National Grid in the UK, has identified several improvements to the recommended UKOPA approach to external interference failure frequency prediction. This paper summarises those improvements and presents updated damage distribution parameters from data up to 2016.

Revision to the UK Pipeline Quantitative Risk Assessment Guidelines IGEM/TD/2 and PD 8010-3

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham D. Goodfellow ◽  
Jane V. Haswell ◽  
Neil W. Jackson ◽  
Roger Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
External Interference ◽  
Common View ◽  
Failure Frequency ◽  
The Uk

The United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators Association (UKOPA) was formed by UK pipeline operators to provide a common forum for representing pipeline operators interests in the safe management of pipelines. This includes ensuring that UK pipeline codes include best practice, and that there is a common view in terms of compliance with these codes. Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is used by operators in the UK to determine if individual and societal risk levels at new developments adjacent to existing pipelines are as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). In 2008 the UKOPA Risk Assessment Working Group developed codified advice on the use of QRA applied to land use planning assessments, which was published by the Institution of Gas Engineers & Managers (IGEM) and the British Standards Institute (BSI). This advice was designed to ensure a standard and consistent approach, and reduce the potential for disagreement between stakeholders on the acceptability of proposed developments. Since publication of IGEM/TD/2 and PD8010-3 in 2008, feedback from users of the guidance together with new research work and additional discussions with the UK safety regulator, the Health & Safety Executive (HSE), have been undertaken and the codified advice has been revised and reissued in June 2013. This paper describes the revisions to the guidance given in these codes in relation to: • Clarification on application • Update of physical risk mitigation measures (slabbing and depth of cover) • Update of HSE approach to Land Use Planning • Update of failure frequency data: ○ Weibull damage distributions for external interference ○ Generic failure frequency curve for external interference ○ Prediction of failure frequency due to landsliding The revised codes, and their content, are considered to represent the current UK best practice in pipeline QRA.

Development of Risk Assessment Code Supplements for the UK Pipeline Codes IGE/TD/1 and PD 8010

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham D. Goodfellow ◽  
Jane V. Haswell ◽  
Rod McConnell ◽  
Neil W. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Common View ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Operational Life ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators Association (UKOPA) was formed by UK pipeline operators to provide a common forum for representing pipeline operators interests in the safe management of pipelines. This includes ensuring that UK pipeline codes include best practice, and that there is a common view in terms of compliance with these codes. Major hazard cross country pipelines are laid on 3rd party land, and in general have an operational life typically greater than 50 years. The land use in the vicinity of any pipeline will change with time, and buildings will be constructed adjacent to the pipeline route. This can result in population density and proximity infringements, and the pipeline becoming non-compliant with the code. Accordingly, a land use planning system is applied so that the safety of, and risk to, developments in the vicinity of major hazard pipelines are assessed at the planning stage. In the UK, the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) are statutory consultees to this process, and they set a quantitative risk-based consultation zone around major hazard pipelines, where the risks to people and developments must be assessed. Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) requires expertise, and the results obtained are dependent upon consequence and failure models, input data, assumptions and criteria. UKOPA has worked to obtain cross-stakeholder agreement on how QRA is applied to land use planning assessments. A major part of the strategy to achieve this was the development of supplements for the UK design codes IGE/TD/1 and PD 8010, to provide authoritative and accepted guidance on the risk analysis of: i) Site specific pipeline details, for example increased wall thickness, pipeline protection (such as slabbing), depth of cover, damage type and failure mode, and ii) The impact of mitigation measures which could be applied as part of the development. The availability of this codified advice would ensure a standard and consistent approach, and reduce the potential for disagreement between stakeholders on the acceptability of proposed developments. This paper describes the guidance given in these code supplements in relation to consequence modelling, prediction of failure frequency, application of risk criteria, implementation of risk mitigation and summaries the assessment example provided.

scholarly journals Responses to student plagiarism in higher education across Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Glendinning
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Integrity ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Student Plagiarism ◽  
Student Focus ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

A significant amount of research has been undertaken in response to high levels of student plagiarism in higher education institutions (HEI). New models have emerged over the last decade for strategies and systems for detection, penalties and mitigation, based on deeper understanding of the underlying reasons behind student plagiarism. Most research has been initiated by academics from English speaking countries, particularly from the UK, North America and Australia. When the proposal for the Impact of Policies for Plagiarism in Higher Education across Europe (IPPHEAE ) project was developed during 2009 very little research had been conducted about the policies for academic integrity adopted by HEIs in the majority of countries in Europe. IPPHEAE, funded by the European Commission (2010–2013), included a comparative study of policies and procedures in place in HEIs across 27 European Union (EU) member states for handling aspects of academic integrity, focusing specifically on bachelor and master’s levels. The survey instruments were on online questionnaires, student focus groups, structured interviews and analysis of documentary evidence, designed with a view to capture a range of quantitative and qualitative responses from different perspectives. Almost 5,000 responses were captured for the survey, mainly from online questionnaires, made available in 14 languages. Different questions were asked of students, teaching staff and senior managers, to determine how well institutional procedures were understood, to what extent they were operating as intended and whether there was consistency of outcomes within and between institutions. Interviews with researchers and people associated with national bodies and agencies responsible for higher education (HE) quality or academic integrity explored broader perspectives on issues such as national policies and how responses to plagiarism aligned with policies for quality and standards. This paper presents results from the survey that focus specifically on institutional policies, highlighting examples of good practice and also areas of concern. The findings suggest that different approaches should be adopted according to the maturity of existing policies and systems in all the countries surveyed, to promote more effective assurance of quality, standards and academic integrity.

‘Sometimes you just need someone to guide you through the maze’ – Improving cardiac care services in the North of England: suggestions from a patient-led project

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Julie Goodfellow ◽  
Cathy Stark ◽  
Ian Mackersie ◽  
Vera Mackersie
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The North ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
The Impact

Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle, thought to affect around 160 000 people in the UK. It is often inherited and can be life-changing, with symptoms including tiredness, breathlessness and palpitations. The role of the patient in NHS care is no longer that of a passive recipient of care. There is an expectation that patients will be engaged in their own health, care and treatment. Initiatives exist where patients are encouraged to become involved in the design, planning and delivery of services. A patient-led service improvement project was designed and carried out by members of a local Cardiomyopathy UK support group, in order to capture the experiences of people affected by cardiomyopathy as they journeyed through the healthcare system in the North of England. This has enabled an evaluation of service provision, highlighting examples of good practice and areas for improvement. A total of 21 people, both patients and family members, shared their story through in-depth interviews. The overall picture that emerged was of a group of people deeply affected by a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy, who had experienced both positive and negative aspects of a healthcare system that does not appear to fully understand cardiomyopathy or the impact the condition has on the lives of patients and carers. The project highlighted a need for information and support at key times on a patient's journey through cardiomyopathy—at diagnosis, on discharge from hospital, when dealing with a device, when issues around family screening arise, or when the condition changes in some way. Many respondents had experienced a lack of information and support at these key times and communication between patients and health professionals was sometimes inadequate.

scholarly journals Gender diversity, corporate governance and financial risk disclosure in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris M. Bufarwa ◽  
Ahmed A. Elamer ◽  
Collins G. Ntim ◽  
Aws AlHares
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Risk Disclosure ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of corporate governance (CG) mechanisms on financial risk reporting in the UK. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a panel data of 50 non-financial firms belonging to 10 industrial sectors listed on the London Stock Exchange in the period 2011-2015. Multivariate regression techniques are used to examine the relationships. Findings The findings of this study reveal that CG has a significant influence on financial risk disclosure. Specifically, it is found that block ownership and board gender diversity have a positive effect on the level of corporate financial risk disclosure (FRD). While there is no significant relationship between board size and corporate FRD. Research limitations/implications This study has significant implications for policy-makers, investors and regulators. Evidence of growing FRD implies that efforts by several stakeholders have had some positive impact on the level of FRD in the firms examined. Examples of such changes include, namely, increasing board size and gender diversity acting as effective firm level advisors and monitors of FRD. As a consequence, regulators and policymakers should continually pursue reforms to encourage firms to follow CG principles that are promoted as good practice. Originality/value This study adds to the emerging body of literature on CG–risk disclosure relationships in the UK context using content analysis. The study also highlights that gender diversity enhances FRD.

The Film World’s Cooperative Store: Institutions and Films of the 1930s and 1940s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Early History ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This chapter traces the early history of state-sponsored informational filmmaking in Denmark, emphasising its organisation as a ‘cooperative’ of organisations and government agencies. After an account of the establishment and early development of the agency Dansk Kulturfilm in the 1930s, the chapter considers two of its earliest productions, both process films documenting the manufacture of bricks and meat products. The broader context of documentary in Denmark is fleshed out with an account of the production and reception of Poul Henningsen’s seminal film Danmark (1935), and the international context is accounted for with an overview of the development of state-supported filmmaking in the UK, Italy and Germany. Developments in the funding and output of Dansk Kulturfilm up to World War II are outlined, followed by an account of the impact of the German Occupation of Denmark on domestic informational film. The establishment of the Danish Government Film Committee or Ministeriernes Filmudvalg kick-started aprofessionalisation of state-sponsored filmmaking, and two wartime public information films are briefly analysed as examples of its early output. The chapter concludes with an account of the relations between the Danish Resistance and an emerging generation of documentarists.

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