Characterization of Microstructure in High Strength Microalloyed Steels Using Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Li ◽  
J. B. Wiskel ◽  
H. Henein ◽  
D. G. Ivey ◽  
O. Omotoso
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Microalloyed Steels ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X80 Steels

The mechanical properties of microalloyed steels used in pipelines are strongly affected by microstructure. In this paper, X-ray diffraction (Rietveld method) was used to quantify the microstructure — specifically domain size, microstrain and preferred orientation — for four X80 steels and three experimental X100 steels. Measurements were made at the surface and at several positions below the surface. Nano-sized domains were obtained for all steels tested. A smaller domain size, higher microstrain and stronger preferred orientation were observed in the X100 samples relative to the X80 steels.

scholarly journals Preparation, Microstructural Characterization, and Selected Mechanical Properties of Ti-20Zr-2.5Mo and Ti-20Zr-7.5Mo Used as Biomaterial

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 946-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Akira Bazaglia Kuroda ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf ◽  
Carlos Roberto Grandini
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cp Ti

Titanium is used in the biomedical field due to its mechanical strength/density, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. In this paper, the preparation, and the structural, microstructural, and mechanical characterization of Ti-20Zr-2.5Mo and Ti-20Zr-7.5Mo alloys are presented. The elements were melted into an arc furnace with an argon controlled atmosphere. To determine the amount of impurities present in each alloy, an analysis of the chemical composition was conducted using EDS. The samples were characterized by measurements of density, X-ray diffraction (with the diffractograms refined by the Rietveld method), and optical and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were evaluated using Vickers microhardness test and modulus of elasticity. The results showed that that α’/α’’ and α’'/β phases coexisted in both of the prepared alloys, respectively. The alloys have higher hardness than cp-Ti and their modulus of elasticity values are very close to the modulus values of cp-Ti.

Synthesis and Characterization of Porous ZrO2-Y2O3-TiO2 Ceramics Prepared by Coprecipitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1387-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luan M. Medeiros ◽  
Fernando S. Silva ◽  
Juliana Marchi ◽  
Walter Kenji Yoshito ◽  
Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zirconia Ceramics ◽  
Pore Former ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cold Pressed

Zirconium dioxide (zirconia) ceramics are known by its high strength and toughness and titanium dioxide (titania) ceramics has outstanding surface properties. The ceramic composite formed between the two oxides are expected to have advantages of both ceramics, especially when its surface area is increased by pores. In this work, ceramic composites of ZrO2-Y2O3-TiO2were synthesized by coprecipitation and rice starch was added as pore former in 10, 20 and 30 wt%. Powders were cold pressed as cylindrical pellets and sintered at 1500 °C for 01 hour and ceramics were characterized by techniques as Archimedes method for density measurements, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that pores are inhomogeneously distributed through ceramic bodies.

scholarly journals Effect of Locally Available Wheat Straw Ash in Developing High Strength Concrete

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Muhammad Armaghan Siffat ◽  
Muhammad Ishfaq ◽  
Afaq Ahmad ◽  
Khalil Ur Rehman ◽  
Fawad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Straw Ash

This study is supervised to assess the characteristics of the locally available wheat straw ash (WSA) to consume as a substitute to the cement and support in enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete. Initially, after incineration at optimum temperature of 800°C for 0.5, the ash of wheat straw was made up to the desirable level of fineness by passing through it to the several grinding cycles. Subsequently, the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) along with X-ray diffraction (XRD) testing conducted on ash of wheat straw for the evaluation its pozzolanic potential. Finally, the specimens of concrete were made by consuming 10% and 20% percentages of wheat straw ash as a replacement in concrete to conclude its impact on the compressive strength of high strength concrete. The cylinders of steel of dimensions 10cm diameter x 20cm depth were acquired to evaluate the compressive strength of high strength concrete. The relative outcomes of cylinders made of wheat straw ash substitution presented the slight increase in strength values of the concrete. Ultimately, the C-100 blends and WSA aided cement blends were inspected for the rheology of WSA through FTIR spectroscopy along with Thermogravimetric technique. The conclusions authenticate the WSA potential to replace cement in the manufacturing of the high strength concrete.

scholarly journals Copper Containing Glass-Based Bone Adhesives for Orthopaedic Applications: Glass Characterization and Advanced Mechanical Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar. Mokhtari ◽  
Anthony.W. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compression Data

AbstractThis study addresses issues with currently used bone adhesives, by producing novel glass based skeletal adhesives through modification of the base glass composition to include copper (Cu) and by characterizing each glass with respect to structural changes. Bioactive glasses have found applications in fields such as orthopedics and dentistry, where they have been utilized for the restoration of bone and teeth. The present work outlines the formation of flexible organic-inorganic polyacrylic acid (PAA) – glass hybrids, commercial forms are known as glass ionomer cements (GICs). Initial stages of this research will involve characterization of the Cu-glasses, significant to evaluate the properties of the resulting adhesives. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of annealed Cu glasses indicates the presence of partial crystallization in the glass. The structural analysis of the glass using Raman suggests the formation of CuO nanocrystals on the surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further confirmed the formation of crystalline CuO phases on the surface of the annealed Cu-glass. The setting reaction was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The mechanical properties of the Cu containing adhesives exhibited gel viscoelastic behavior and enhanced mechanical properties when compared to the control composition. Compression data indicated the Cu glass adhesives were efficient at energy dissipation due to the reversible interactions between CuO nano particles and PAA polymer chains.

Synthesis and Characterization of 3Y-TZP by Gel Solid-State Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Xiao Bo Wu ◽  
Da Zhi Sun ◽  
Dan Yu Jiang ◽  
Hai Fang Xu ◽  
De Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
State Method ◽  
Average Size

3Y-TZP powder has been successfully synthesized by gel solid-state method. The structural phases of powder particles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The average size of grains was 230 nm. The sintering behavior, mechanical properties and microstructure of 3Y-TZP ceramics sintered by this powder were investigated. The experiment results showed that the mechanical properties of ceramics were excellent.

Preparation and Characterization of PVA-Collagen Composite Fibers

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Hui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Natural Structure ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rheology Property ◽  
Crystallization Degree

The collagen was blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with the maximum maintenance of the natural structure as precondition. The apparent viscosity and rheology property of PVA-collagen blended solution were studied. the mechanical properties of the blend membrane formed from PVA-collagen blended solution were also determined. The PVA-collagen blended solution was wet spinned with the sodium sulfate as coagulant to prepare PVA-collagen composite fibers. SEM analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of the PVA-collagen composite fibers were studied. The results indicated that, blended with PVA, the spinning property and mechanical properties of collagen were improved. The figure of the aim fiber transect structure was similar as the kidney, and it had a uniform size. The crystallization degree of the fiber was 55.7%, and it was increased with the increase of the hot extending temperature and the extending ratio.

Effect of Deposition Temperature on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Film

2013 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 643-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Ya Feng Lu ◽  
Wen Xue Li ◽  
Li Ying Zeng ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phase Direction ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Substrate Temperatures

Ti-6Al-4V films were deposited by direct-current magnetron sputtering at different substrate temperatures. The structure and the surface morphology of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The hardness and elastic moduli of Ti-6Al-4V films were measured by nanoindentation test. The results showed that the phase direction of the films deposited at room temperature was (102) orientation, and turned to almost complete (002) preferred orientation at 300°C. For a higher temperature of 500°C, the preferred orientation of the film disappeared and presented a random grain orientation. The hardness and elastic moduli of Ti-6Al-4V films obviously showed the dependence on the temperature. The relationships among temperature, microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V films were discussed in this paper.

Phase Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Mo-Sn Alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 747-748 ◽  
pp. 855-859
Author(s):  
Xiao Xue Chen ◽  
Shun Guo ◽  
Xin Qing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Cold Deformation ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties ◽  
Low Modulus ◽  
Mo Content

A series of Ti-Mo-Sn alloys with different Mo contents from 7% to 15% (wt. %) were prepared, and the effects of Mo content and thermo-mechanical treatment on their microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the β to α martensite transformation can be effectively suppressed with increasing Mo content. After cold rolling treatment, superior mechanical properties and low modulus were achieved in Ti-8Mo-4Sn alloy, with tensile strength of 1108MPa, yield strength of 1003MPa and low Youngs modulus of 53GPa. The influence of severe cold deformation on the macrostructure and mechanical properties was discussed based on the characterization of X-Ray diffraction and mechanical tests. It was demonstrated that the cold rolling induced fine α martensite and high density dislocations lead to the high strength of the Ti-Mo-Sn alloys. The fine α martensite as well as the β matrix with low stability guarantee low Youngs modulus.

scholarly journals Advanced Possibilities of Fast Quality Check in Wire Production Processes by Means of Fast Microstructure Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 892 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Anja Oswald ◽  
Rosita Schmidtchen ◽  
Daniel Šimek ◽  
David Rafaja ◽  
Rudolf Kawalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Microstructure Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fast Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Deformation State ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models

A new method for a fast analysis of heavily deformed, multicomponent ferritic/pearlitic steels microstructure based on XRD measurements had been developed. Its practical application has been examined and proven during wire rod production of a high-strength eutectoid non-alloyed steel grade containing 0.81 weight percent carbon. For individual technological conditions, the lattice strains and their anisotropy were analysed quantitatively by means of fast X-ray diffraction measurements and correlated with the results of comprehensive mechanical testing. Obtained relationships between the microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties were described using physically based models and used to establish a material specific database for prediction of the mechanical properties from X-ray diffraction data. Depending on the deformation state different parameters have to be applied for the material’s macroscopic properties prediction. Additionally, the fast microstructure analysis can provide more detailed information in the case of deviations from the as-required material’s properties due to technological aberrations.

Characterization of kaolinite in the hardsetting clay fraction using atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and the Rietveld method

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2144-2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Valério Prandel ◽  
Nívea Maria Piccolomini Dias ◽  
Sérgio da Costa Saab ◽  
André Maurício Brinatti ◽  
Neyde Fabíola Balarezo Giarola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force
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