Instrumentation Improvements for the Leak Detection and Batch Tracking Systems of the Sa˜o Paulo Brasi´lia Pipeline (OSBRA)

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma´rcio Manha˜es Gomes de Almeida ◽  
Jose Augusto Morais de Andrade ◽  
Andre Paulo Kotchetkoff Neto
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Tank Farm ◽  
Field Instrumentation ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
First Time

OSBRA is the 964 Km pipeline which supplies over 6.500.000 m3/year of gasoline, diesel oil and LPG to the Brazilian Midwestern region. Products on OSBRA pipeline are pumped 24 hours a day and 365 days a year on a scheduled basis from Planalto Paulista Refinery – REPLAN to 5 midsize cities through 6 remote operated pumping stations located along the pipeline. The pipeline operation, including pumping and valve actuations and tank farm monitoring, is done remotely from PETROBRAS Transporte S/A – TRANSPETRO National Pipeline Control Center (CNCO). A real time leak detection system (LDS) was supplied and installed at the CNCO. The LDS is based on measurements of flow and pressure as well as pump and valve status along the pipeline. An actual field leak test was done in order to validate and verify the LDS performance. The LDS performance was considered satisfactory at the first time, but after a few months an excessive number of false leak alarms started to occur. A detailed investigation was conducted both on operational procedures and field instrument installation. This report shows how this investigation was conducted and the main recommendations that were agreed in order to avoid the LDS to detract from credibility and the creation of complacency. It is presented the existing limitations on the flow measurements and the improvements that are planned to field instrumentation, operational/maintenance procedures and the OSBRA LDS and Batch Tracking models so it could reach a higher performance level.

Field Testing of OSBRA 964 km Pipeline Leak Detection System

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma´rcio Manha˜es G. de Almeida ◽  
Andre P. Kotchetkoff Neto ◽  
Adilson S. Mendonc¸a ◽  
Ricardo R. Alvarez ◽  
Marcello P. Castro
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Tank Farm

OSBRA is the 964 Km pipeline which supplies over 6.000.000 m3/year of gasoline, diesel oil and LPG to Brazil Mid-West region. Products on OSBRA pipeline are pumped on 24 hours a day and 365 days a year scheduled basis from Planalto Paulista Refinary – REPLAN to 5 midsize cities through 6 remote operated pumping stations located along the pipeline. OSBRA pipeline operation including pumping, valve operation and tank farm monitoring are done remotely from PETROBRAS Transporte S/A – TRANSPETRO Pipeline Control Center - CCO. A real time leak detection system (LDS) was supplied and installed at this Pipeline Control Center. The LDS is based on measurements of flow, pressure and density as well as pump and valve status along the pipeline. A SCADA was implemented and field instrumentation measurements were observed in order to provide good quality data for the pipeline operation and its LDS. Assembling of some field instruments were improved in order to correct measurement fails. On-desk simulations were done in order to verify theoretical system performance and operation team was trained to use the leak detection tool. A field controlled leak simulation test was done in order to validate and verify the System performance. This apparently simple task demanded around 1 year for planning and implementation before test was done. The approach of this report is mainly operational and shows how the OSBRA LDS test was planned, programmed, commissioned and performed. Coordination and integration of Operation, Maintenance, Pipeline, Engineering, Safety, Telecommunication and Logistic teams are demonstrated in order to get good results. Field activities like designing and assembling of spools and instrumentations necessary to execute a controlled pipeline liquid hydrocarbon take off are showed. Safety and environmental precautions to avoid equipment damage, uncontrolled operation or product leak to environment are demonstrated.

Pressure Based Leak Detection for Pipelines, Implemented at Business Unit of Production and Exploration of Petrobras in Rio Grande do Norte and Ceara´

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane J. Hovey ◽  
Tuerte A. Rolim ◽  
Abelindo A. de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
System A ◽  
Field Instrumentation ◽  
Point Analysis ◽  
Distance Communication

This paper presents the experiences of the Petrobras Business Unit (UN-RNCE), located in Rio Grande del Norte state of Brazil, during the installation and startup of a pipeline leak detection system. The application involves nine multiphase oil pipelines that link several productions facilities together over a total distance of 450-Km. Prior to the selection and installation of this leak detection system a significant pipeline accident resulted in the pollution of Guanabara bay. The leak was not detected by the existing monitoring equipment because of the two phase and multiphase pipeline characteristics. The UN-RNCE decided to install EFA Technologies, Inc., Pressure Point Analysis (PPA)™ technology in order to detect leaks. It is a sophisticated statistical method for leak detection, uses very simple field instrumentation, which facilitates ease of installation and maintenance. However, in order to get the best performance out of the system, it is necessary to understand how the pipeline control processes operate and to have a fast, reliable SCADA system for long distance communication. This paper includes the test results, conclusions and the recommendations to expand the system.

Raman-Spektren von SnJ4, GeJ4, TiBr4 und TiJ4 in flüssiger und kristalliner Phase / Raman Spectra of SnJ4, GeJ4, TiBr4, and TiJ4 in the Liquid and Crystalline Phase

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1374-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kiefer ◽  
H. W. Schrötter
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Ruby Laser ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Point Group ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Group Symmetry ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Electronic Detection ◽  
Polarization Studies ◽  
First Time

The Raman spectra of four molecules absorbing in the visible region (SnJ4, GeJ4, TiBr4, and TiJ4) are presented. They were excited with a quasi-continuous ruby laser and recorded with a special electronic detection system. Except for TiJ4, complete Raman spectra of crystal powder pellets could be obtained for the first time. The assignment reported by previous authors was confirmed by accurate polarization studies of solutions or pure liquid. The assignment is also in the solid state possible on the basis of Td point group symmetry. The fundamental vibrations of TiJ4 in solutions are: ν1 (A1) =162, ν2 (E) =51, ν3 (F2) =319 and ν4 (F2) Y = 67 cm-1

Pipeline Diagnostics With Ultrasonic Meters

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Gailey ◽  
Noman Rasool
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Critical System ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Transient Models

Canada and the United States have vast energy resources, supported by thousands of kilometers (miles) of pipeline infrastructure built and maintained each year. Whether the pipeline runs through remote territory or passing through local city centers, keeping commodities flowing safely is a critical part of day-to-day operation for any pipeline. Real-time leak detection systems have become a critical system that companies require in order to provide safe operations, protection of the environment and compliance with regulations. The function of a leak detection system is the ability to identify and confirm a leak event in a timely and precise manner. Flow measurement devices are a critical input into many leak detection systems and in order to ensure flow measurement accuracy, custody transfer grade liquid ultrasonic meters (as defined in API MPMS chapter 5.8) can be utilized to provide superior accuracy, performance and diagnostics. This paper presents a sample of real-time data collected from a field install base of over 245 custody transfer grade liquid ultrasonic meters currently being utilized in pipeline leak detection applications. The data helps to identify upstream instrumentation anomalies and illustrate the abilities of the utilization of diagnostics within the liquid ultrasonic meters to further improve current leak detection real time transient models (RTTM) and pipeline operational procedures. The paper discusses considerations addressed while evaluating data and understanding the importance of accuracy within the metering equipment utilized. It also elaborates on significant benefits associated with the utilization of the ultrasonic meter’s capabilities and the importance of diagnosing other pipeline issues and uncertainties outside of measurement errors.

scholarly journals Leak Detection Systems for Short Pipelines

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Martins Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Transient Model ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Volume Balance ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Flow Detection

This paper describes procedures developed by PETROBRAS Research & Development Center to assess a software-based leak detection system (LDS) for short pipelines. These so-called “Low Complexity Pipelines” are short pipeline segments with single-phase liquid flow. Detection solutions offered by service companies are frequently designed for large pipeline networks, with batches and multiple injections and deliveries. Such solutions are sometimes impractical for short pipelines, due to high cost, long tuning procedures, complex instrumentation and substantial computing requirements. The approach outlined here is a corporate approach that optimizes a LDS for shorter lines. The two most popular implemented techniques are the Compensated Volume Balance (CVB), and the Real Time Transient Model (RTTM). The first approach is less accurate, reliable and robust when compared to the second. However, it can be cheaper, simpler, faster to install and very effective, being marginally behind the second one, and very cost-efective. This paper describes a procedure to determine whether one can use a CVB in a short pipeline.

Leak Detection Method Based on Pressure Wave Change

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
XianYong Qin ◽  
LaiBin Zhang ◽  
ZhaoHui Wang ◽  
Wei Liang
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Scada System ◽  
Wave Change ◽  
Ole For Process Control ◽  
Pipeline Pressure

Reliability, sensitivity and detecting time under practical operational conditions are the most important parameters of a leak detection system. With the development of hardware and software, more and more pipelines are installed with advanced SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system, so the compatibility of the leak detection system with SCADA system is also becoming important today. Pipeline leakage generates a sudden change in the pipeline pressure and flow. The paper introduces leak detecting methods according to the pipeline pressure wave change. In order to improve the compatibility of the leak detecting system, “OPC (Ole for process Control)” technology is used for obtaining the pressure signals from the distributed data collection system. Special focus is given on analysis of the pressure signals. It is successful to denoise the signals by means of wavelet scale shrinkage, and to capture the leak time tag using wavelet transform modulus maximum for locating the leak position accurately. A leak detecting system is established based on SCADA system. Tests and practical applications show that it locates leak position precisely. Good performance is obtained on both crude oil pipeline and product pipeline.

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