The Role of Aerial Photograph Interpretation in Natural Hazard and Risk Assessment

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Tribe ◽  
Mark Leir
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Photograph ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Pipeline Route ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment

Aerial photograph interpretation is an accurate and economical method of assessing terrain conditions and natural hazards affecting pipelines and other linear facilities. Completed in advance of vehicle and helicopter-based reconnaissance, it provides a comprehensive site overview that cannot be obtained at ground level. Aerial photograph interpretation helps construct and confirm preliminary hazard and stream-crossing inventories, understand hazard mechanisms, and estimate hazard volume and activity. Time series photo interpretation uses several sets of aerial photographs taken of the same area in different years to track changes in terrain, stream patterns and land-use over time. In addition, aerial photographs are superior navigation tools in the field. These points are illustrated using examples from pipelines in British Columbia and Alberta. This work will be of interest to managers of pipelines throughout western Canada, and to those involved with pipeline route selection through mountainous regions.

Bridging the Gap Between Qualitative, Semi-Quantitative and Quantitative Risk Assessment of Pipeline Geohazards: The Role of Engineering Judgment

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Rod Read ◽  
Moness Rizkalla
Keyword(s):  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Assessment Engineering ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Pipeline Route ◽  
Permanent Ground Deformation ◽  
Fault Displacement

Geohazards are threats of a geological, geotechnical, hydrological or seismic/tectonic nature that can potentially damage pipelines and other infrastructure. Depending on the physiographic setting of a particular pipeline, a broad range of geohazards may be possible along the pipeline route. However, only a limited number of geohazards such as landslides, fault displacement, mining-induced subsidence, liquefaction-induced lateral spreading, and hydrological scour, which can result in permanent ground deformation or exposure of the pipeline to direct impact, typically represent credible threats to pipeline integrity. Identifying potential geohazard occurrences and estimating the likely severity of each occurrence in relation to pipeline integrity is an integral part of geohazard management, and overall risk management of pipelines. Methods for identifying and assessing the potential likelihood and severity of geohazards vary significantly, from purely expert judgment-based approaches relying largely on visual observations of geomorphology to analytically-intense methods incorporating phenomenological or mechanistic models and data from monitoring and field characterization. Each of these methods can be used to assess hazard and risk associated with specific geohazards in terms of qualitative, semi-quantitative, or quantitative expressions as long as uncertainty and assumptions are understood and communicated as part of the assessment. Engineering judgment is highlighted as an essential component to varying degrees of each geohazard assessment approach.

scholarly journals The Role of Archival Aerial Photography in Shaping Our Understanding of the Funerary Landscape of Hellenistic and Roman Cyprus

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 417-433
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Lysandrou ◽  
Athos Agapiou
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Aerial Photograph ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Near Surface

AbstractThis study deals with the investigation of the Eastern necropolis of Nea Paphos in western Cyprus, employing archival and recent aerial photographs for the identification of surface/near-surface ancient architectural remains. The analysis of the primary archival aerial photograph employed for this study reveals the archaeological visibility of the site as it had been captured approximately 15 years before its rescue excavation in the 1980s. The outcomes from the enhancement and interpretation of the archival aerial photograph supplement known archaeological information of the area and elucidate the understanding of the spatial distribution of the tombs as well as the geographic extent of the necropolis.

The role of QSARs and fate models in chemical hazard and risk assessment

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Mackay ◽  
Jennifer Hubbarde ◽  
Eva Webster
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Chemical Hazard ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment

scholarly journals Definitions and Concepts for Quantitative Rockfall Hazard and Risk Analysis

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Didier Hantz ◽  
Jordi Corominas ◽  
Giovanni B. Crosta ◽  
Michel Jaboyedoff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Failure Probability ◽  
Rockfall Hazard ◽  
Process Failure ◽  
Failure Propagation ◽  
Element At Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment ◽  
Definition Of

There is an increasing need for quantitative rockfall hazard and risk assessment that requires a precise definition of the terms and concepts used for this particular type of landslide. This paper suggests using terms that appear to be the most logic and explicit as possible and describes methods to derive some of the main hazards and risk descriptors. The terms and concepts presented concern the rockfall process (failure, propagation, fragmentation, modelling) and the hazard and risk descriptors, distinguishing the cases of localized and diffuse hazards. For a localized hazard, the failure probability of the considered rock compartment in a given period of time has to be assessed, and the probability for a given element at risk to be impacted with a given energy must be derived combining the failure probability, the reach probability, and the exposure of the element. For a diffuse hazard that is characterized by a failure frequency, the number of rockfalls reaching the element at risk per unit of time and with a given energy (passage frequency) can be derived. This frequency is relevant for risk assessment when the element at risk can be damaged several times. If it is not replaced, the probability that it is impacted by at least one rockfall is more relevant.

STUDY ON BISPHENOL F, A BISPHENOL A ANALOGUE, AT A DAIRY COMPANY: HEALTH HAZARD AND RISK ASSESSMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 112334
Author(s):  
Serena Santonicola ◽  
Stefania Albrizio ◽  
Maria Carmela Ferrante ◽  
Mercogliano Raffaelina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment

scholarly journals A 3D study on the amplification of regional haze and particle growth by local emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Du ◽  
Lubna Dada ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Xueshun Chen ◽  
Kaspar R. Daellenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
Regional Haze ◽  
Haze Formation ◽  
Beijing China

AbstractThe role of new particle formation (NPF) events and their contribution to haze formation through subsequent growth in polluted megacities is still controversial. To improve the understanding of the sources, meteorological conditions, and chemistry behind air pollution, we performed simultaneous measurements of aerosol composition and particle number size distributions at ground level and at 260 m in central Beijing, China, during a total of 4 months in 2015–2017. Our measurements show a pronounced decoupling of gas-to-particle conversion between the two heights, leading to different haze processes in terms of particle size distributions and chemical compositions. The development of haze was initiated by the growth of freshly formed particles at both heights, whereas the more severe haze at ground level was connected directly to local primary particles and gaseous precursors leading to higher particle growth rates. The particle growth creates a feedback loop, in which a further development of haze increases the atmospheric stability, which in turn strengthens the persisting apparent decoupling between the two heights and increases the severity of haze at ground level. Moreover, we complemented our field observations with model analyses, which suggest that the growth of NPF-originated particles accounted up to ∼60% of the accumulation mode particles in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei area during haze conditions. The results suggest that a reduction in anthropogenic gaseous precursors, suppressing particle growth, is a critical step for alleviating haze although the number concentration of freshly formed particles (3–40 nm) via NPF does not reduce after emission controls.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document