Post-Installation Geotechnical Issues Associated With Large-Scale HDD Crossings

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Baumgard ◽  
K. Wayne Savigny ◽  
Peter Cocciolo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
North Central ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Major River ◽  
Major Factors

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is increasingly being used as a technique to install pipeline through challenging conditions. With this increased use, several post-installation geotechnical issues have, quite literally, surfaced, often many months or years following the original installation. These issues include sinkhole development around the entry/exit points for the HDD operations and settlement of the surface above the HDD bore path. Both can be attributed to two major factors, those involving unfavourable ground conditions and those involving problematic installation procedures. Several examples of each of these factors are described along with mitigation measures designed to prevent both sinkhole and settlement from occurring following HDD installation. Case histories from two large HDD crossings are subsequently presented which illustrate the potential magnitude of these issues and the steps that are often required for repair; the first from a crossing of the Fraser River outside of Vancouver, Canada, and the second from a crossing of a major river in north-central Argentina. In both of these cases, large sinkholes formed behind the HDD exit points, resulting in property damage and possibly threatening neighboring utilities. Site investigation and design techniques implemented to minimise the potential for sinkhole development and settlement are discussed, and several remediation options used in the cases histories are presented.

Natech Risk Assessment and Control Through Innovative Risk Reduction Measures – Pipeline / Landslide Interaction Case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Aristizabal ◽  
Daniel Moncada
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Failure Surface ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
Drilling Technique ◽  
Risk Reduction Measures ◽  
Inspection Data ◽  
The Right

Abstract At the end of 2018, a large-scale landslide was identified near the Right of Way of one of the pipelines operated by Cenit Transporte y Logística de Hidrocarburos. In this zone it was possible to identify a populated area and a river. At the beginning the depth of the Landslide did not represent a hazard to the pipeline due to the Horizontal Directional Drilling technique applied when the pipeline was built. A monitoring program was developed through inclinometers and piezometers and In-Line Inspections were carried out to identify any disturbance in the alignment of the pipeline. From the monitoring program and In-Line Inspection data it was possible to confirm interaction between the landslide and the pipeline. A perpendicular force to the pipeline alignment produces a bending strain at two points, and landslide interact with the pipeline along a length of 170 m. The depth of the landslide failure surface was in between 17 to 22 m, and the pipeline was about 15 m deep. Due to this interaction, it was necessary to develop a risk assessment to identify a safe limit displacement. For a while, this allowed us to design both a temporal innovative solution considering a flexible pipeline and a definitive solution to build the new segment of the pipeline which was deeper than the last one, through the Horizontal Directional Drilling technique.

Monitoring of Pull-Load and Borehole Pressure During HDD Installations

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erez N. Alloche ◽  
Mike E. Baumert
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Electronic Record ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

Quality control and quality assurance during horizontal directional drilling installations (HDD) is a topic that is gaining increasing interest and concern in the engineering community as HDD is becoming a mainstream construction technology. The paper describes a method for increasing the transparency of pulled-in-place trenchless installations using an array of sensors mounted within a protective casing, located ahead of the pipe product pull head. The data collected by the sensors, including pull-load and borehole pressure, is stored on a memory chip placed onboard the platform, thus creating a permanent electronic record of the installation. This data can be used by contractors, consultants and owners for quality control purposes and the improvement of design models and construction practices. In addition, real-time information can be provided to the operator, giving him/her the opportunity to detect potential problems in a timely manner so that appropriate mitigation measures can be taken.

The Impact of Risk in Horizontal Directional Drilling

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manley Osbak ◽  
Alireza Bayat ◽  
Carrie Murray
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Business Case ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Information Industry ◽  
Project Schedule ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
The Impact

The risks, associated with horizontal directional drilling (HDD) can have a significant impact on project schedule and cost. Contractors, engineers and owners are generally aware of the potential impact of this risk, but the awareness is largely qualitative in nature, and is thereby limiting for pointed decision making and the development of measured risk mitigation. Without quantitative information, industry stakeholders are without the means to evaluate risk strategies and identify appropriate risk mitigation measures in a manner that adequately develops and supports the business case for risk mitigation. As a result, the industry often has little choice other than to resort to accepting the risk and hoping for the best or transferring the risk using contractual methods. In order to move to a position of active assessment and mitigation, the industry needs quantitative information about the overall impact of risk as well as a comprehensive enumeration of risk events, the probability of occurrence and the impact of individual events. This paper looks at the general impact of risk as has occurred on 100 medium and large HDD projects. The general impact, in terms of schedule (and by extension, cost), serves to illuminate the need for structured risk mitigation. The paper also lists the risk events that have occurred on these 100 projects, as well as the frequency of occurrence, the average schedule impact and the Risk Index of each event type.

scholarly journals Development of Guidelines for Implementation of Horizontal Directional Drilling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Hashash ◽  
◽  
Omar Baltaji ◽  
Guangchao Xing ◽  
Yongxi Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Industry Survey ◽  
Vast Range

While the fundamentals of horizontal directional drilling (HDD) technology are well known, the implementation of HDD involves utilizing a vast range of equipment and installation procedures. This project developed HDD guidance documents to provide the Illinois Department of Transportation with metrics to evaluate a proposed HDD installation. This report compiled information collected during this project, including a literature review, HDD case histories observation, and an industry survey. Four main guidance documents, including the proposed HDD Guidelines, HDD Guidance Specifications, Permit Submittal Checklist, and Inspector Checklist, are the main products developed from the project.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE IN THE PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION BY HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING

2015 ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
I. E. Kiryanov ◽  
Yu. D. Zemenkov ◽  
S. M. Dorofeev ◽  
V. S. Toropov
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
Pipeline Construction ◽  
Trenchless Construction

On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of used materials and the parameters of trenchless transitions profiles was developed emergency response, including several schemes of release a pipe jammed in the hole during the pipeline pulling in the pipeline construction by horizontal directional drilling. Proposed schemes applicability analyzed for trenchless construction real conditions.

Evaluation of Hydraulic Fracturing Models and Their Limitations to Predict No-Drill Zones for Horizontal Directional Drilling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Delara ◽  
Kendra MacKay
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
The Impact

Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) has become the preferred method for trenchless pipeline installations. Drilling pressures must be limited and a “no-drill zone” determined to avoid exceeding the strength of surrounding soil and rock. The currently accepted industry method of calculating hydraulic fracturing limiting pressure with application of an arbitrary safety factor contains several assumptions that are often not applicable to specific ground conditions. There is also no standard procedure for safety factor determination, resulting in detrimental impacts on drilling operations. This paper provides an analysis of the standard methods and proposes two alternative analytical models to more accurately determine the hydraulic fracture point and acceptable drilling pressure. These alternative methods provide greater understanding of the interaction between the drilling pressures and the surrounding ground strength properties. This allows for more accurate determination of horizontal directional drilling limitations. A comparison is presented to determine the differences in characteristics and assumptions for each model. The impact of specific soil properties and factors is investigated by means of a sensitivity analysis to determine the most critical soil information for each model.

scholarly journals Development of a rapid field testing method for metals in horizontal directional drilling residuals with XRF sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailin Zhang ◽  
João Antonangelo ◽  
Chad Penn
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Spiked Soil

AbstractPortable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer allows fast in-situ elemental determination without wet digestion for soils or geological materials, but the use of XRF on wet materials is not well documented. Our objective was to develop a rapid field method using pXRF to measure metals in the residues from horizontal directional drilling (HDD) operations so that proper disposal decisions can be made in-situ. To establish the procedure, we spiked soil samples with 4 concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb up to 1000 mg kg−1, and then the metal concentrations were determined by wet chemical method after drying and acid digestion (standard method), and by pXRF, also at laboratory conditions, after drying and at two different moisture conditions. The measurements by pXRF and standard method after drying and after removal of excess water (AREW) were highly correlated with slopes ranging from 0.83 ± 0.01 to 1.08 ± 0.01 (P < 0.001) for all metals. The relationship was better AREW than the saturated paste without removal of excess water and the moisture content affected only the accuracy of As, Cd, and Pb. The procedure established was successfully used for HDD residues collected from 26 states of US with moisture content ranging from 14 to 83% AREW. The pXRF was proven to be a reliable tool for fast detection of common metals in dried soils and HDD residues, and samples containing < 30% moisture content without needing to correct for moisture. If the moisture is > 30%, excess water in samples need to be removed with a commercially available filter press to achieve high accuracy. The developed procedures reduce time of metal detection from days to about an hour which allows drilling operators to make quick decisions on soil or HDD disposal.

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