Regulations of Pipelines in Canada

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franci Jeglic
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Regulatory Agency ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Design Construction

This paper provides an overview of the regulatory framework for pipelines in Canada. Canada is an oil and gas producing, consuming and exporting country. To accomplish these functions, the production, transmission and distribution companies operate about 700,000 km (440,000 miles) of pipelines. These companies and their pipelines are regulated by federal, provincial or territorial regulatory agencies. Provincial or territorial agencies regulate those pipelines that are fully contained within the province or territory. The federal regulatory agency (the National Energy Board) regulates all those pipelines that cross provincial or international borders. Most of the powers of regulatory agencies emanate from pipeline acts. Under these acts, the regulatory agencies may make regulations which may be approved by their governments. Regulations provide for public safety and environmental protection for the design, construction, operation, repair, maintenance and abandonment of pipelines.

scholarly journals PROCEDURE, RULES FOR OBTAINING AND PROCESSING DOCUMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (159) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
V. Cherkun ◽  
M. Leshchenko ◽  
A. Zyhun ◽  
Y. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
General Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Constant Improvement ◽  
Design Construction

The resolution of many disputable situations that occur during the construction and operation of buildings and structures is carried out in court by the appointment of a forensic construction and technical expertise. As result of the activity of forensic examination, there is a need to study the design and estimate documentation, determine the types, scope, quality and cost of construction and repair work performed; establishing compliance of their characteristics with the requirements of special codes and rules governing the processes of design, construction, operation, reconstruction during repair, dismantling and disposal of buildings and structures. The objects of research of construction and technical examination are: buildings, structures, engineering and other equipment and documentation to it, in particular, technical passports, inventory; working projects and working documentation; specifications, explanatory notes to the project; conclusions of the state complex examination; local estimates; general information on resources; agreements or contracts; additional agreements; acts of performed contract works; certificates on performed contract works; reports on regulatory write-off of materials; acts of inspection of hidden works; calendar plans or network schedules; work logs; commissioning acts. Carrying out construction and technical expertise in this way there is own characteristics and requires constant improvement of methodology. The expert builder must have a thorough knowledge of the regulatory framework for such work and the procedure for maintaining appropriate documentation to determine the type of construction and repair work. The paper considers the main points of implementation of documents before construction, registration of documentation during construction and documents during the commissioning of the construction object, as well as which regulations provide requirements for their execution.

scholarly journals Environmental Protection in the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry and Jonah Gbemre v. Shell PDC Nigeria Limited: Let the Plunder Continue?

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bukola Faturoti ◽  
Godswill Agbaitoro ◽  
Obinna Onya
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Monetary Compensation ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Petroleum Development ◽  
Missed Opportunity

The case of Jonah Gbemre v. Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited made a historic deviation from the usual trend of seeking monetary compensation by host communities in oil-rich regions in Nigeria. Rather, it seeks to correct regulatory shortcomings which were upheld by the court but never enforced. This article argues that the failure to enforce the judgment of the court is a missed opportunity to strengthen the environmental regulatory framework in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. It further argues that if the judgment had been enforced, it could have contributed to the reduction of the militant activities in the region and also encourages a significant change in the pattern of redress sought by litigants whose communities have been affected by the operations of oil multinational corporations in the region.

Pollution Control – Regulation and Legal Provisions in India

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
A. N. Aggarwal ◽  
V. K. Karia
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
State Government ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Control Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
The Government

Immediately after independence in 1946, the Government of India resorted to rapid industrialization to minimize outside dependence and to improve the standard of living. This, while helping the country to grow, also created problems of environmental management. Rapid deterioration of natural resources forced the Government to enact a number of legislative measures and create regulatory agencies both at central and state government levels. These agencies were given powers to effectively implement various Acts. Severe penalties, including fines and imprisonment, were envisaged for offenders of environmental Acts. Responsibilities were defined, to avoid a scapegoat approach. On the other hand, to reward industries showing a positive approach to environmental protection, a number of fiscal incentives and tax benefits were also offered. Recently, to provide more comprehensive legislation for the protection of all the components of the environment under a single agency, a new bill entitled the ‘Environmental Protection Bill, 1986' has been introduced in Parliament. This regulatory approach has started to show results, and more and more industries have started to provide pollution control facilities.

Applying the Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) to Improve Safety Management of Oil and Gas Pipeline Stations in China

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxing Feng ◽  
Xiaoqiang Xiang ◽  
Guangming Jia ◽  
Lianshuang Dai ◽  
Yulei Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Oil Pipeline

The oil and gas pipeline companies in China are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges because of China’s increasing demand for oil and gas energy that is attributed to rapid economic and social development. Limitation of land resource and the fast urbanization lead to a determinate result that many pipelines have to go through or be adjacent to highly populated areas such as cities or towns. The increasing Chinese government regulation, and public concerns about industrial safety and environmental protection push the pipeline companies to enhance the safety, health and environmental protection management. In recent years, PetroChina Pipeline Company (PPC) pays a lot of attention and effort to improve employees and public safety around the pipeline facilities. A comprehensive, integrated HSE management system is continuously improved and effectively implemented in PPC. PPC conducts hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control and mitigation, risk monitoring. For the oil and gas stations in highly populated area or with numerous employees, PPC carries out quantitative risk assessment (QRA) to evaluate and manage the population risk. To make the assessment, “Guidelines for quantitative risk assessments” (purple book) published by Committee for the Prevention of Disasters of Netherlands is used along with a software package. The basic principles, process, and methods of QRA technology are introduced in this article. The process is to identify the station hazards, determinate the failure scenarios of the facilities, estimate the possibilities of leakage failures, calculate the consequences of failures and damages to population, demonstrate the individual risk and social risk, and evaluate whether the risk is acceptable. The process may involve the mathematical modeling of fluid and gas spill, dispersion, fire and explosion. One QRA case in an oil pipeline station is described in this article to illustrate the application process and discuss several key issues in the assessment. Using QRA technique, about 20 stations have been evaluated in PPC. On the basis of the results, managers have taken prevention and mitigation plans to control the risk. QRAs in the pipeline station can provide a quantitative basis and valuable reference for the company’s decision-making and land use planning. Also, QRA can play a role to make a better relationship between the pipeline companies and the local regulator and public. Finally, this article delivers limitations of QRA in Chinese pipeline stations and discusses issues of the solutions.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF LIFE CYCLE OF THE CONSTRUCTION OBJECT

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
A. Lapina ◽  
A. Ponomarenko ◽  
K. Shencova ◽  
A. Kotesova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Life Cycle Design ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Hydrogeological Studies ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
Insufficient Number

the article deals with the main causes of accidents of buildings and structures that occurred due to errors made at different stages of their life cycle (design, construction, operation). A brief analysis of the accidents that occurred from 2010 to 2017 in the Russian Federation is presented. The study of the causes of accidents makes it possible to understand better the laws of structures, buildings and structures, to identify errors that lead to emergencies. Such errors include: low quality of construction and installation works, deviation from the project in the construction of buildings and structures, the use of materials of inadequate quality, overload of load-bearing structures during operation. Also, the causes of accidents include defective engineering-geological and hydrogeological studies of the grounds. Analysis of accidents showed that the last few years there is no tendency to reduce the number of accidents of buildings and structures, which indicates an insufficient number of measures to prevent them. In the article the authors consider the examples of accidents in construction, which occurred due to the main reasons, and ways to prevent accidents in the future.

scholarly journals Public service privatization and crisis in Argentina

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Rodnguez-Boetsch
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Exchange Rate Regime ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Se Asia ◽  
Privatized Firms

This article discusses the privatization of public services in Argentina in light of the severe crisis that afflicted the country between 1999 and 2002. An inadequate regulatory framework and the absence of effective regulatory agencies resulted in the exercise of monopolistic power over public service fees. The emergence of a series of external shocks, starting in 1997 with the SE Asia crisis, weakened the country's external accounts. In the context of a strict fixed exchange rate regime-rising public service fees and overseas obligations contracted by the privatized firms placed growing pressure on the balance of payments. Even though privatized firms were not directly responsible for the four-year recession or the balance of payments crisis, their actions contributed to the onset and prolongation of the difficulties faced by Argentina.

scholarly journals Design, Construction, and Installation of a Drainage Lysimeter for Use on Sandy, Well-Drained Soils under Turfgrass

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Radovanovic ◽  
Eban Z. Bean ◽  
Alexander J. Reisinger
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Biological Engineering ◽  
Drainage Lysimeter ◽  
Design Construction

Using lysimeters to collect water quality samples can provide a better understanding of nutrient or other solute migration below the surface, which can inform landscape management for environmental protection. This 6-page publication presents the materials, construction, installation, and management of a specific drainage lysimeter design in a step-by-step format. Written by Jovana Radovanovic, Eban Z. Bean, and Alexander J. Reisinger, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, February 2021.

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