scholarly journals Pipeline Design Software and the Simulation of Liquid Propane/Butane - Light Oils Pipeline Operations

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Peters
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Products Pipeline ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Propane Butane

A comprehensive and integrated suite of computer software routines has been developed to simulate the flow of liquids in pipelines. The fluid properties module accommodates Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids or mixtures including corrections for changes in properties with temperature and pressure. The hydraulic model calculates pressure drop in single or looped pipelines based on the diameter, route (length) and profile data provided. For multi-product pipelines the hydraulics module estimates energy loss for any sequence of batches given the size and fluid properties of each batch, and the velocity in the pipeline. When the characteristics of existing or proposed pipeline pumps are included, location and size of pumps can be optimized. The effect of heat loss on pressure drop is predicted by invoking the module which calculates the fluid temperature profile based on operating conditions, fluid properties, pipe and insulation conductivity and soil heat transfer data. Modules, created to simulate heater or cooler operations, can be incorporated to compensate for changes in temperature. Input data and calculated results can be presented in a format customized by the user. The simulation software has been successfully applied to multi-product, fuel oil, and non-Newtonian emulsion pipelines. The simulation and operation of a refinery products pipeline for the transportation of propane, butane, gasoline, jet and diesel batches will be discussed. The impact of high vapour pressure batches (i.e., propane and butane) on the operation of the pipeline and on the upstream and downstream facilities will be examined in detail.

Advanced Modeling of Fluid Thermodynamic Properties for Gas Turbine Performance Simulation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Sethi ◽  
Fulvio Diara ◽  
Sina Atabak ◽  
Anthony Jackson ◽  
Arjun Bala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Convergence Problems ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes the structure of an advanced fluid thermodynamic model which has been developed for a novel advanced gas turbine simulation environment called PROOSIS. PROOSIS (PRopulsion Object Oriented SImulation Software) is part of the VIVACE-ECP (Value Improvement through a Virtual Aeronautical Collaborative Enterprise - European Cycle Programme) project. The main objective of the paper is to determine a way to achieve an accurate, robust and reliable fluid model. The results obtained demonstrate that accurate modeling of the working fluid is essential to avoid convergence problems of the thermodynamic functions thereby increasing the accuracy of calculated fluid properties. Additionally, the impact of accurately modeling fuel thermodynamic properties, at the point of the injection, is discussed.

FRTCOILS: A General Purpose Simulation Software for Design and Prediction of Thermal and Hydraulic Performance of Finned-Tube Compact Heat Exchangers

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maung Naing Naing Tun ◽  
Nilufer Egrican
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Finned Tube ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Object Oriented Programming ◽  
Compact Heat Exchangers ◽  
Cooling Coils

This paper presents computer software developed for rating and optimum selection of finned circular tubes compact heat exchangers with various coil geometries. The software is developed to use as a computing tool for commercial and R&D purposes in FRITERM A.S, an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) of finned tube heat exchangers. Finned-tube heat exchangers are highly utilized in refrigeration and process industries and heat transfer and pressure drop calculations are very important to manufactures and design engineers. For this purpose, a simulation and design software to predict the performance of finned-tube heat exchangers is presented. In finned-tube coils fin side fluid is air and tube side fluid can be water, oil, glycol water solution mixture and refrigerants. The analysis and rating of coils at dry and wet operating conditions are presented. Design and the most suitable selections of coils at the given parameters and design constraints from many different coil geometries are also performed in the software. User-friendly object-oriented programming C# is applied in developing the software. The software is developed in modular basic. Six modules are developed: Heating Coils, Cooling Coils, Condenser Coils, Steam Coils, Heat Recovery Coils and Evaporator (DX) Coils. REFPROP is also integrated in the software and all fluids’ thermal and transport properties are obtained from REFPROP. Heat transfer and pressure drop correlations available from literature are evaluated with recommendations. Simulated results are verified against experimental results.

Analysis of a Double Inlet Gerotor Pump: A Dynamic Multi-Phase CFD Approach Accounting for the Fluid Compressibility and Temperature Dependent Properties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Milani ◽  
Luca Montorsi ◽  
Stefano Terzi ◽  
Gabriele Storchi ◽  
Andrea Lucchi
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Gerotor Pump ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Intake Pressure ◽  
Multi Phase

Abstract The paper analyzes the fluid dynamic performance of a double inlet Gerotor pump by means of a multi-phase and multicomponent CFD approach. The numerical simulation includes the full 3D geometry of the pump as well as the real physics of the compressible hydraulic fluid and the rotating dynamic motion. The aeration and cavitation phenomena are included in the analysis adopting the Rayleight-Plesset equation and inertia controlled growth model for bubble formation. Cavitation and aeration phenomena are detected, especially when intake pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure. The influence of the fluid temperature variation on the component performance is also numerically predicted. The accuracy of a detailed modelling of the fluid properties variation with respect to the temperature and pressure is addressed and the effects on the numerical results is investigated. The rotational speeds of the internal and the external gears of the pump and the engagement between the teeth are addressed by means of an overset mesh approach. Constant leak height is considered between the gears and the case, while the overset mesh approach is adopted in order to accurately predict the leakage due to the teeth engagement. This numerical approach enables to investigate the dynamic performance of Gerotor gear pumps in terms of flow rate and pressure ripples and volumetric efficiency under standard and critical (actual) operating conditions. Good agreement between numerical and experimental results was found for specific operating conditions.

Novel Unsteady Temperature/Heat Transfer Instrumentation and Measurements in the Presence of Combustor Instabilities

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Chana ◽  
K. J. Syed ◽  
M. I. Wedlock ◽  
R. W. Copplestone ◽  
M. S. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
Wall Heat Transfer ◽  
Unsteady Temperature ◽  
Pressure Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Lower NOx emissions from gas turbine combustion systems can be achieved through reducing the equivalence ratio of the main reaction zone and/or increasing the burner pressure drop. This strategy however takes pressure drop and/or air away from the combustor cooling, thereby compromising the combustor life. In order to achieve an optimum design that is a good compromise between low emissions and long component life, accurate heat transfer prediction is essential. It is well known that free stream turbulence can influence wall heat transfer characteristics. However the impact of combustion induced pressure dynamics, and the associated unsteady fluid dynamics, upon combustor wall heat transfer has not been adequately investigated. This paper reports on combustion tests conducted at gas turbine operating conditions, where pressure dynamics have been controlled by altering combustor operating conditions and through the use of a siren placed in the upstream air flow. Combustor wall temperatures were measured using standard thermocouples and QinetiQ’s “True Surface Thermocouples” (TST). The latter, which were mounted on the hot gas surface of the wall, are capable of a fast response and are capable of indicating the temperature fluctuations experienced by the metal surface. Fourier analysis of the TSTs showed no particular peaks associated with the pressure dynamics. This suggests that any coherence is damped within the boundary layer or by the thermal inertia of the metal. However temperature fluctuations of up to about 100°C were detected.

Advanced Computational Modeling for Estimating Safe Cuttings Load Through MPD Surface Equipment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedar Deshpande ◽  
Pravin Naphade ◽  
Chad Wuest
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Critical Components

Abstract The critical components of Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) operations include surface manifold, surface chokes and the pipes connected to Mud Gas separators. The MPD surface equipment needs to safely handle a multiphase mixture of drilling mud, cuttings load and reservoir fluid influx during operations. The focus of this work is to establish safe cuttings load limit that can be handled by MPD system using advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling approach. In MPD operations the surface choke is the key surface manifold component through which the fluid and cuttings flow before entering the Coriolis meter. Based on choke position only a certain volume and size of cuttings (cuttings load) can pass through chokes without causing unintentional pressure surges. In this work, Non-Newtonian fluid flow using Eulerian-Granular modeling approach is presented to understand the effects of cuttings load and different choke positions on the overall pressure drop through MPD surface manifold. Several CFD studies were conducted for different choke sizes, cuttings load and fluid properties to understand velocity profiles, cuttings accumulation and pressure drop across the MPD surface manifold. CFD results were first validated with available test data to generate confidence in CFD simulation model settings, good match was observed in pressure values between test and numerical results. Based on CFD simulations, charts were developed showing effect of operational parameters that help field personnel design the best surface equipment configuration, determine associated pressure drop and guard against the possibility of Non-Productive Time (NPT). CFD studies provided insights into cuttings accumulation and associated pressure drop change across choke for given operating conditions. Usage of advanced computational methods helped model the multi-phase flow with cuttings accurately and provided safe cuttings load estimation for given range of operational parameters.

Study on Combustion and Emission Performance of Oil Shale Mixed with Coal

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 555-562
Author(s):  
Hai Rong Wang ◽  
Xin Xin Li ◽  
Jian Bo Yan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Shale ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Characteristic Parameter ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Characteristic ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Characteristic Index ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, Huadian oil shale from Jilin Province of China was selected as the object of study. Firstly, the ignition temperature, complete combustion temperature, maximum mass loss rate, flammability index C and comprehensive combustion characteristic index S during the separate combustion of oil shale was measured , as well as during the combustion of oil shale mixed with coal, by using the thermo-gravimetric analytical method. Then, the impact of blending ratio on the combustion characteristic parameter was discussed, and conducted modeling for the oil shale blending combustion system was established with the steady-state simulation software program Aspen Plus. Finally, we obtained the exhaust gas temperature, volume flow of gases such as CO, CO2 and SO2, as well as their impacts on the operating conditions of the boiler during the mixing combustion under different excess air coefficients.

Computer modeling as tools to estimate the impact of fuel type on the capacity rating of lime kilns

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 461-473
Author(s):  
J. PETER GOROG ◽  
W. RAY LEARY ◽  
DAVID WANG ◽  
KEVIN DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Capacity Rating

In response to the drop in the price of natural gas, the U.S. pulp and paper industry has switched from using fuel oil to natural gas to fire kilns used to regenerate lime in the kraft process. While being financially attractive, replacing fuel oil with natural gas can be challenging. This is particularity true when the capacity rating is constrained by the temperatures of the gas exiting the kiln. In the worst case scenario, the increase in flue gas temperatures associated with switching from fuel oil to natural gas can significantly de-rate the capacity of the kiln. This paper describes a range of computational modeling tools that can be used to estimate the impacts of kiln geometry, fuel type, operating conditions, and burner design on kiln performance. Data taken from operating kilns is presented, which validates the use of these models. A detailed case study is presented showing how small amounts of torrefied wood can be co-fired with natural gas as a replacement for fuel oil without de-rating the capacity of the kiln. The visualization of the flow fields, temperature distributions, and species concentrations provided by computer models are critical to optimizing kiln operations as new fuels are being considered as replacements for more expensive, carbon intensive fuel oil.

scholarly journals Performance assessment of triangular Obstacles mounted Solar Air Heater Using Taguchi Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwni Ashwni ◽  
◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Ramakant Rana ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solar Air Heater ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Taguchi Technique ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
The Impact

In this experimental work, the investigation about the impact of the geometrical dispositions of the triangular obstacles on the performance parameters such as pressure drop and thermal efficiency. A number of input parameters affects the performance of the system. These input parameters are the heat flux, mass flow rate ( = 0.01 to 0.02 kg/s), obstacles’ height, h from 22 mm to 37.5 mm, their cross-stream wise pitch (Ly = 56 to 206 mm), their angle of inclination with the vertical plane (Θ = 300 - 900), and stream wise pitch (Lx =30 to 70 mm). Moreover, an optimum set of input parameters is determined using the statistical modeling of the operating conditions by the Taguchi technique.

Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Blade Trailing Edge With Pressure Side Bleed Extraction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Saxer-Felici ◽  
S. Naik ◽  
M. Gritsch
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the heat transfer and pressure loss characteristic in the internal cooling system of the trailing edge of a gas turbine blade. The geometrical profile of the blade trailing edge and the operating conditions considered are representative of that normally found in a heavy-duty gas turbine. The trailing edge geometry consists of two radial passages with inclined turbulators which are connected with a bend. The trailing edge section consists of pins rows and a flow ejection cut-out slot. The impact of a cross-over hole in the web connecting the serpentine passages is also investigated. Both numerical and experimental studies were conducted at several passage Reynolds numbers ranging from 104 to 106. Experiments were conducted in a Perspex model at atmospheric conditions. The internal heat transfer coefficients were measured via the transient liquid crystal method and the pressure drop was measured via pressure taps. The impact of blade rotation on the heat transfer and pressure drop was also assessed numerically. Comparison of the measured and predicted heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops shows a good agreement for several flow conditions. The three-dimensional flow field in the passage and in the downstream pin banks was well captured numerically, with and without coolant injection via cross-over hole.

An analytical method for spiral-wound heat exchanger: design and cost estimation considering temperature-dependent fluid properties

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohsen Hosseinian ◽  
Ali Mostafazade Abolmaali ◽  
Hossein Afshin
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Side Pressure ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Shell Geometry ◽  
Spiral Wound

Purpose Spiral-wound heat exchangers (SWHEs) are widely used in different industries. In special applications, such as cryogenic (HEs), fluid properties may significantly depend on fluid temperature. This paper aims to present an analytical method for design and rating of SWHEs considering variable fluid properties with consistent shell geometry and single-phase fluid. Design/methodology/approach To consider variations of fluid properties, the HE is divided into identical segments, and the fluid properties are assumed to be constant in each segment. Validation of the analytical method is accomplished by using three-dimensional numerical simulation with shear stress transport k-ω model, and the numerical model is verified by using the experimental data. Moreover, the HE cost is selected as the main criterion in obtaining the proper design, and the most affordable geometry is selected as the proper design. Findings The accuracy of different heat transfer and pressure drop correlations is investigated by comparing the analytical and numerical results. The average errors in the calculation of effectiveness, shell-side pressure drop and tube-side pressure drop using the analytical method are 2.1%, 13.9% and 13.3%, respectively. Moreover, the effect of five main geometrical parameters on the SWHE cost is investigated. The results indicate that the effect of longitudinal pitch ratio on the SWHE cost can be neglected, whereas other geometrical parameters have a significant impact on the total cost of the SWHE. Originality/value This work contains a versatile and low-cost analytical method to design and rating the SWHEs considering the variable fluid property with consistent shell geometry. The previous studies have introduced complex methods and have not considered the consistency of shell geometry.

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