Characterization of Maximum Current Capacity for Microprocessor Sockets

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Song ◽  
Ashish Gupta ◽  
Chia-Pin Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Array Type ◽  
Maximum Current ◽  
Modeling And Experiments ◽  
Subsequent Risk

This paper presents the current-carrying-capacity (CCC) characterization of a land-grid-array type microprocessor socket. This CCC study has been performed using both computational modeling and experiments using infrared camera. A subsequent risk assessment was performed against the maximum allowed temperature at the point of pressure contact of socket pin for the use-condition socket pin current and motherboard temperature. The results from the modeling and the experimental results are compared.

scholarly journals Characterization of Moisture Diffusion in Cured Concrete Slabs at Early Ages

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Hongduo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Moisture Diffusion ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Early Age Concrete

The objective of this paper is to investigate the characterization of moisture diffusion inside early-age concrete slabs subjected to curing. Time-dependent relative humidity (RH) distributions of three mixture proportions subjected to three different curing methods (i.e., air curing, water curing, and membrane-forming compounds curing) and sealed condition were measured for 28 days. A one-dimensional nonlinear moisture diffusion partial differential equation (PDE) based on Fick’s second law, which incorporates the effect of curing in the Dirichlet boundary condition using a concept of curing factor, is developed to simulate the diffusion process. Model parameters are calibrated by a genetic algorithm (GA). Experimental results show that the RH reducing rate inside concrete under air curing is greater than the rates under membrane-forming compound curing and water curing. It is shown that the effect of water-to-cement (w/c) ratio on self-desiccation is significant. Lower w/c ratio tends to result in larger RH reduction. RH reduction considering both effect of diffusion and self-desiccation in early-age concrete is not sensitive to w/c ratio, but to curing method. Comparison between model simulation and experimental results indicates that the improved model is able to reflect the effect of curing on moisture diffusion in early-age concrete slabs.

Characterization of Fouled Flat Sheet Membranes by Infrared Thermography

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennethrex O. Ndukaife ◽  
George Agbai Nnanna
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Measure Surface Temperature

An Infrared thermography (IRT) technique for characterization of fouling on membrane surface has been developed. The emitted spectral power from the fouled membrane is a function of emissivity and surface morphology. In this work, a FLIR A320 IR camera was used to measure surface temperature and emissivity. The surface temperature and the corresponding emissivity value of various areas on the fouled membrane surface is measured by the infrared camera and recorded alongside its thermogram. Different fouling experiments were performed using different concentrations of aluminum oxide nanoparticle mixed with deionized water as feed solution (333 ppm, 1833 ppm and 3333 ppm) so as to investigate the effect of feed concentration on the degree of fouling and thus its effect on the emissivity values measured on the membrane surfaces. Surface plots in 3D and Line plots are obtained for the measured emissivity values and thickness of the fouling deposit on the membrane surface respectively. The results indicate that the IRT technique is sensitive to changes that occur on the membrane surface due to deposition of contaminants on the membrane surface and that emissivity is a function of temperature, surface roughness and thickness of the specimen under investigation.

Experimental Study of Ductile Fracture for Non-Aligned Multiple Flaws in a Plate

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumasa Miyazaki ◽  
Kunio Hasegawa ◽  
Koichi Saito ◽  
Bostjan Bezensek
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Ductile Fracture ◽  
Estimation Procedure ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Collapse Load ◽  
Plate Specimen ◽  
Fracture Tests ◽  
Almost All

The fitness-for-service code requires the characterization of non-aligned multiple flaws for the flaw evaluation, which is performed using a flaw proximity rule. Worldwide almost all codes provide own proximity rule, often with unclear technical bases of the application of proximity rule to ductile fracture. To clarify the appropriate proximity rule for non-aligned multiple flaws in fully plastic fracture, fracture tests on flat plate specimen with non-aligned multiple through wall flaws were conducted at ambient temperature. The emphasis of this study was put on the flaw alignment rule, which determines whether non-aligned flaws are treated as independent or aligned onto the same plane for the purpose of flaw evaluations. The effects of the flaw separation and flaw size on the maximum load were investigated. The experimental results were compared with the estimations of the collapse load using the alignment rules in the ASME Section XI, BS7910 and API 579-1 codes. A new estimation procedure specific to the fully plastic fracture was proposed and compared with the comparison with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Characterization of percolation behavior in conductor–dielectric 0-3 composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 1450035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Patrick Bass ◽  
Zhi-Min Dang ◽  
Z.-Y. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Percolation Threshold ◽  
Frequency Dependence ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Effective Dielectric Constant ◽  
Filler Concentration ◽  
Percolation Behavior ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Relationship

The equation ε eff ∝ (ϕc - ϕ)-s which shows the relationship between effective dielectric constant (εeff) and the filler concentration (φ), is widely used to determine the percolation behavior and obtain parameters, such as percolation threshold φc and the power constant s in conductor–dielectric composites (CDCs). Six different systems of CDCs were used to check the expression by fitting experimental results. It is found that the equation can fit the experimental results at any frequency. However, it is found that the fitting constants do not reflect the real percolation behavior of the composites. It is found that the dielectric constant is strongly dependent on the frequency, which is mainly due to the fact that the frequency dependence of the dielectric constant for the composites close to φc is almost independent of the matrix.

scholarly journals High-Accuracy Tracking Using Ultrawideband Signals for Enhanced Safety of Cyclists

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Dardari ◽  
Nicoló Decarli ◽  
Anna Guerra ◽  
Ashraf Al-Rimawi ◽  
Víctor Marín Puchades ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Localization Error ◽  
Localization System ◽  
Dynamic Conditions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users

In this paper, an ultrawideband localization system to improve the cyclists’ safety is presented. The architectural solutions proposed consist of tags placed on bikes, whose positions have to be estimated, and anchors, acting as reference nodes, located at intersections and/or on vehicles. The peculiarities of the localization system in terms of accuracy and cost enable its adoption with enhanced risk assessment units situated on the infrastructure/vehicle, depending on the architecture chosen, as well as real-time warning to the road users. Experimental results reveal that the localization error, in both static and dynamic conditions, is below 50 cm in most of the cases.

An approach to rapid characterization of DMD copy number variants for prenatal risk assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui‐Lin Chin ◽  
Kieran O'Neill ◽  
Kristal Louie ◽  
Lindsay Brown ◽  
Kamilla Schlade‐Bartusiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Prenatal Risk ◽  
Rapid Characterization

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF CFRP STRENGTHENED I-SHAPED COLD FORMED STEEL BEAMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahushananda Chakravarthy ◽  
Sivakumar Naganathan ◽  
Jonathan Tan Hsien Aun ◽  
Sreedhar Kalavagunta ◽  
Kamal Nasharuddin Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Formed Channel ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel

Cold formed steel differ from hot rolled steel by its lesser thickness and weight. The cold formed steel applicable in roof purlin, pipe racks and wall panels etc. Due its lesser wall thickness the cold formed steel member subjected to buckling. The enhancement of load carrying capacity of the cold formed steel member can be achieved by external strengthening of CFRP. In this study cold formed channel members connected back to back to form I shaped cross section using screws. These built up beam members were 300mm, 400mm and 500mm in length with 100mm screw spacing and edge distance of 50mm were chosen for testing. CFRP fabric cut according to length, width of built up beams and wrapped outer surface of beam using epoxy resin. Experiments were carried out in two sets firstly plain built up beams and secondly CFRP wrapped beams. The test results shows that increased load carrying capacity and reduction in deflection due to CFRP strengthening. Experimental results were compared with AISI standards which are in good agreement. Experimental results shows that CFRP strengthening is economic and reliable.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRASONIC ASSISTED ADHESIVE JOINTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Pauska ◽  
Umut Cakmak ◽  
Rainer Lottes ◽  
Zoltan Major
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Lap Joint ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Joint Shear

Joining experiments using different adhesives were carried out. In addition to the adhesive, the specimens were also treated with ultrasonic waves to improve the load carrying capacity of the joined parts. Lap joint shear tests have been conducted to quantify this improvement.

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