Hazardous Area Classification for Surface Well Testing Equipment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Testing Equipment ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Hazardous Area ◽  
Area Classification ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Hazardous area classification or zoning is a method of analyzing and classifying the environment in which explosive gas atmospheres may occur to facilitate the proper selection and installation of equipment to be used safely in that environment. In several oil and gas companies, hazardous area classification is carried out as an integral step of the risk assessment exercise to identify areas where controls over ignition sources are required on the rigs. In this paper, one example of such an exercise is presented. The recommendations from the exercise were used in updating the company’s guidelines on zoning and eventually improving the fire safety of its operations. The paper discusses these factors and their impact on zoning.

scholarly journals Risk assessment of workers’ exposure to BTEX and hazardous area classification at gasoline stations

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249913
Author(s):  
Sunisa Chaiklieng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Hazardous Area ◽  
Flammable Gas ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Area Classification

Vaporization of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds pollutes the air and causes health hazards at gasoline stations. This study revealed the risk of BTEX exposure according to the hazardous area classification at gasoline stations. The risk assessment of gasoline workers from a representative group of 47 stations, which followed the United States Environmental Protection Agency-IRIS method of assessing BTEX exposure, was expressed as the hazard index (HI). A result of matrix multipliers of the hazardous exposure index and fire possibility from flammable gas classified hazardous area-I and area-II at the fuel dispensers. BTEX concentrations were actively sampled in ambient air and a flammable gas detector was used to measure the flammability level. Results showed that the BTEX concentrations from ambient air monitoring were in the range of 0.1–136.9, 8.1–406.0, 0.8–24.1 and 0.4–105.5 ppb for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene, respectively, which exceeded the NIOSH exposure limit of 100 ppb of benzene concentration. The risk assessment indicated that five stations reached an unacceptable risk of worker exposure to BTEX (HI>1), which correlated with the numbers of gasoline dispensers and daily gasoline sold. The risk matrix classified hazardous area-I at 4 meters and hazardous area-II at 4–8 meters in radius around the fuel dispensers. This study revealed the hazardous areas at gasoline stations and suggests that entrepreneurs must strictly control the safety operation practice of workers, install vapor recovery systems on dispenser nozzles to control BTEX vaporization and keep the hazardous areas clear of fire ignition sources within an eight-meter radius of the dispensers.

scholarly journals Prognosis evaluation of environmental risks in case of accident on main and technological oil pipelines

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-117
Author(s):  
I. N. Kvasov ◽  
I. V. Shendaleva ◽  
O. V. Shtengauer ◽  
M. Yu. Zemenkova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Ecological Management ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Risks Assessment ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
Assessment Requirements

The article is devoted to questions of environmental risk assessment. The subject relevance consists in normative introduction of risk assessment requirements for many activity fields connected with danger or result uncertainty. The purpose of the article is ecological damages assessment and environmental risks in case of accident on main and technological oil pipelines. A task of the study is an application possibility consideration of regulatory ecological requirements together with the environmental risks valuation methods accepted now by the oil and gas companies. During a solution of an objective the environmental risks assessment technique was developed for the ecological management systems of the oil and gas companies.

Operational and safety aspects of drill stem testing—getting it right

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Shangkar Venugopal
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Drill Stem ◽  
Safety Aspects ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Drill stem testing (DST) is recognised by many operating oil and gas companies to be one of the most hazardous operations routinely undertaken. Well testing has a higher potential for loss of life, loss of assets, environmental catastrophe and budget overrun than any other time in the exploration operations. Therefore, it is of great importance to the industry that such operations are extremely well planned and executed. Planning a DST is an extremely complex task and requires a great deal of experience. This paper provides an insight into the techniques and procedures that are used in all the major operational and safety aspects of oil and gas DST. It uses a structured approach to guide the reader through the various best practices that are required to effectively plan and implement a DST operation under just about any circumstances worldwide, onshore or offshore. The project also includes design parameters for contingency conditions that were not normally present during equipment operations but could exist in emergency situations. Problems and solutions associated with perforation, adverse hole conditions, and high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) conditions are also presented. Additionally, this paper includes an overview on environmental requirements, which provides information associated with risk management and legislation.

scholarly journals Causes and Consequences of Fire Emergencies on Oil and Gas Platforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1253-1258
Author(s):  
Elkhan Jafarov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Offshore Platform ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

This study presents an analysis of the causes and consequences of the largest offshore platform accidents associated with oil and gas production. The research on this problem allows improving the reliability of risk assessment associated with offshore oil and gas production, as well as developing methods for improving the fire safety of oil and gas platforms under various operating conditions.

An integrated economic analysis of the oil and gas companies of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-943
Author(s):  
I.V. Filimonova ◽  
◽  
L.V. Eder ◽  
V.Yu. Nemov ◽  
M.V. Mishenin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Minerals as an object of accounting and economic security of the oil and gas company implementing the production sharing agreement

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1291-1312
Author(s):  
N.V. Zyleva
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Security Service ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
Mineral Reserves ◽  
Economic Risks

Subject. This article discusses the practice of ensuring the economic security of oil and gas companies operating under the terms of production sharing agreements, where minerals are the object of security. Objectives. The article aims to justify the need to apply professional judgment in the organization of reliable accounting of minerals, explored and extracted under the terms of the production sharing agreement implementation, to avoid various risks to the entity's economic security. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of deduction and modeling. Results. The article presents proposals to arrange accounting of intangible exploration assets (geological information on mineral reserves) and finished products (the part of the extracted minerals owned by the investor and the part owned by the State). Conclusions. As strategic minerals, oil and gas are the targets of various economic risks. Professionals familiar with the specifics of accounting operations in the implementation of the production sharing agreement should be prepared to prevent these risks. The results obtained can be used to design accounting policies and develop local regulations on the tasks and functions of the economic security service of the organization implementing the production sharing agreement.

Analyzing the figures of consolidated statement of cash flows of the world's biggest publicly traded oil and gas corporations

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1120
Author(s):  
O.V. Shimko
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
The Public ◽  
Statement Of Cash Flows ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Subject. The article investigates key figures disclosed in consolidated cash flow statements of 25 leading publicly traded oil and gas companies from 2006 to 2018. Objectives. The focus is on determining the current level of values of the main components of consolidated statement of cash flows prepared by leading publicly traded oil and gas companies, identifying key trends within the studied period and factors that led to any transformation. Methods. The study draws on methods of comparative and financial-economic analysis, as well as generalization of materials of consolidated cash flow statements. Results. The comprehensive analysis of annual reports of 25 oil and gas companies enabled to determine changes in the key figures and their relation in the structure of consolidated cash flow statements in the public sector of the industry. It also established main factors that contributed to the changes. Conclusions. In the period under study, I revealed an increase in cash from operating activities; established that capital expenditures in the public sector of the industry show an overall upward trend and depend on the level of oil prices. The analysis demonstrated that even integrated companies’ upstream segment prevail in the capital expenditures structure. The study also unveiled an increase in dividend payments, which, most of the time, exceeded free cash flows thus increasing the debt burden.

Analyzing the liquidity ratios of the world's leading public oil and gas corporations

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1571-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Shimko
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Subject. This article explores the key liquidity figures of the twenty five largest public oil and gas companies between 2006 and 2018. Objectives. The article aims to determine the current values of the key liquidity figures of the largest public oil and gas companies, identify key trends in their changes within the study period, and identify the factors that have caused these changes. Methods. For the study, I used comparative, and financial and economic analyses, and generalization. Results. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the twenty five oil and gas companies' annual reports, the article identifies trends in the changes in the key liquidity indexes in the industry's public sector, and establishes the main factors that affected these changes. Conclusions and Relevance. The largest public oil and gas companies are able to maintain their own liquidity in times of crisis, even. The industry pays the most attention to increasing the instant liquidity ratios. The results of the study can be used to evaluate, forecast, and develop measures to enhance the liquidity of public oil and gas companies.

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