Topology Optimization of an Anti Roll Bar of a Heavy Commercial Truck for Vehicle Dynamics and Durability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ece Yenilmez ◽  
Ali Yasar ◽  
Polat Sendur
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Original Equipment Manufacturers

Meeting the stringent requirements on fuel economy and emissions is still a challenge for automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). In this study, we consider the light weighting opportunities of a heavy commercial truck by evaluating the various requirements of its anti-roll bar. First, an MSC.ADAMS model of the truck is analyzed under some standard vehicle dynamics maneuvers and a target for the anti-roll bar is set. A topology optimization study is then performed using Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) method to determine its dimensions and material to meet this target. For this purpose, a finite element (FE) model of the anti-roll bar is developed in order to determine its torsional stiffness using MSC.Nastran commercial software. The advantages and disadvantages of various optimization results are discussed. Finally, fatigue performance of the anti-roll bar is assessed under the road load data coming from various road simulations. The results prove that the simulation tools and optimization methods offer great capabilities to meet challenging requirements of automotive industry.

ON COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION METHODS OF MULTI-PUMP UNITS

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
A.I. Glushchenko ◽  
M.Yu. Serov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Control System ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Online Optimization ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Analysis Of Performance

В статье рассматривается вопрос совершенствования системы управления параллельно-работающими насосными агрегатами с целью повышения энергоэффективности их работы. Проведено сравнение и выявление недостатков существующих методов решения рассматриваемой проблемы. Предложена идея нового подхода на базе онлайн оптимизации. The problem under consideration is improvement of the energy efficiency of a control system of parallel-running pump units. Known methods used to solve this problem are considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are shown. Finally, the idea of a new approach, which is based on online optimization, is proposed.

scholarly journals An efficient approach to reliability-based topology optimization for the structural lightweight design of planar continuum structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 270-281
Author(s):  
Fangfang Yin ◽  
Kaifang Dang ◽  
Weimin Yang ◽  
Yumei Ding ◽  
Pengcheng Xie
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Filter Function ◽  
Continuum Structures ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Reliability Method ◽  
Economic Indexes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In order to solve the application restrictions of deterministic-based topology optimization methods arising from the omission of uncertainty factors in practice, and to realize the calculation cost control of reliability-based topology optimization. In consideration of the current reliability-based topology optimization methods of continuum structures mainly based on performance indexes model with a power filter function. An efficient probabilistic reliability-based topology optimization model that regards mass and displacement as an objective function and constraint is established based on the first-order reliability method and a modified economic indexes model with a composite exponential filter function in this study. The topology optimization results obtained by different models are discussed in relation to optimal structure and convergence efficiency. Through numerical examples, it can be seen that the optimal layouts obtained by reliability-based models have an increased amount of material and more support structures, which reveals the necessity of considering uncertainty in lightweight design. In addition, the reliability-based modified model not only can obtain lighter optimal structures compared with traditional economic indexes models in most circumstances, but also has a significant advantage in convergence efficiency, with an average increase of 44.59% and 64.76% compared with the other two reliability-based models. Furthermore, the impact of the reliability index on the results is explored, which verifies the validity of the established model. This study provides a theoretical reference for lightweight or innovative feature-integrated design in engineering applications.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of Isogeometric Topology Optimization: Methods, Applications and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Gao ◽  
Mi Xiao ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Liang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Optimal Material ◽  
Material Layout

AbstractTopology Optimization (TO) is a powerful numerical technique to determine the optimal material layout in a design domain, which has accepted considerable developments in recent years. The classic Finite Element Method (FEM) is applied to compute the unknown structural responses in TO. However, several numerical deficiencies of the FEM significantly influence the effectiveness and efficiency of TO. In order to eliminate the negative influence of the FEM on TO, IsoGeometric Analysis (IGA) has become a promising alternative due to its unique feature that the Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model and Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) model can be unified into a same mathematical model. In the paper, the main intention is to provide a comprehensive overview for the developments of Isogeometric Topology Optimization (ITO) in methods and applications. Finally, some prospects for the developments of ITO in the future are also presented.

scholarly journals Striated Tire Yaw Marks—Modeling and Validation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4309
Author(s):  
Wojciech Wach ◽  
Jakub Zębala
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Variable Curvature ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Multi Body ◽  
Non Linear Equations

Tire yaw marks deposited on the road surface carry a lot of information of paramount importance for the analysis of vehicle accidents. They can be used: (a) in a macro-scale for establishing the vehicle’s positions and orientation as well as an estimation of the vehicle’s speed at the start of yawing; (b) in a micro-scale for inferring among others things the braking or acceleration status of the wheels from the topology of the striations forming the mark. A mathematical model of how the striations will appear has been developed. The model is universal, i.e., it applies to a tire moving along any trajectory with variable curvature, and it takes into account the forces and torques which are calculated by solving a system of non-linear equations of vehicle dynamics. It was validated in the program developed by the author, in which the vehicle is represented by a 36 degree of freedom multi-body system with the TMeasy tire model. The mark-creating model shows good compliance with experimental data. It gives a deep view of the nature of striated yaw marks’ formation and can be applied in any program for the simulation of vehicle dynamics with any level of simplification.

scholarly journals Design and analysis of concrete-filled tubular flange girders under combined loading

2021 ◽  
pp. 136943322110015
Author(s):  
Rana Al-Dujele ◽  
Katherine Ann Cashell
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Hollow Section

This paper is concerned with the behaviour of concrete-filled tubular flange girders (CFTFGs) under the combination of bending and tensile axial force. CFTFG is a relatively new structural solution comprising a steel beam in which the compression flange plate is replaced with a concrete-filled hollow section to create an efficient and effective load-carrying solution. These members have very high torsional stiffness and lateral torsional buckling strength in comparison with conventional steel I-girders of similar depth, width and steel weight and are there-fore capable of carrying very heavy loads over long spans. Current design codes do not explicitly include guidance for the design of these members, which are asymmetric in nature under the combined effects of tension and bending. The current paper presents a numerical study into the behaviour of CFTFGs under the combined effects of positive bending and axial tension. The study includes different loading combinations and the associated failure modes are identified and discussed. To facilitate this study, a finite element (FE) model is developed using the ABAQUS software which is capable of capturing both the geometric and material nonlinearities of the behaviour. Based on the results of finite element analysis, the moment–axial force interaction relationship is presented and a simplified equation is proposed for the design of CFTFGs under combined bending and tensile axial force.

Numerical Experiments in Using Voronoi Cell Finite Elements for Topology Optimization

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Gibert ◽  
Georges M. Fadel
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Isotropic Material ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Voronoi Cell ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Topological Optimization ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Compliance Minimization ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Standard Linear

This paper provides two separate methodologies for implementing the Voronoi Cell Finite Element Method (VCFEM) in topological optimization. Both exploit two characteristics of VCFEM. The first approach utilizes the property that a hole or inclusion can be placed in the element: the design variables for the topology optimization are sizes of the hole. In the second approach, we note that VCFEM may mesh the design domain as n sided polygons. We restrict our attention to hexagonal meshes of the domain while applying Solid Isotropic Material Penalization (SIMP) material model. Researchers have shown that hexagonal meshes are not subject to the checker boarding problem commonly associated with standard linear quad and triangle elements. We present several examples to illustrate the efficacy of the methods in compliance minimization as well as discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

On the Road Profile Estimation from Vehicle Dynamics Measurements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Domenico Vella ◽  
Antonio Tota ◽  
Alessandro Vigliani
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Profile Estimation

Multifunctional Topology Design of Cellular Material Structures

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Conner Seepersad ◽  
Janet K. Allen ◽  
David L. McDowell ◽  
Farrokh Mistree
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Topology Design ◽  
Cellular Topology ◽  
Multifunctional Properties

Prismatic cellular or honeycomb materials exhibit favorable properties for multifunctional applications such as ultra-light load bearing combined with active cooling. Since these properties are strongly dependent on the underlying cellular structure, design methods are needed for tailoring cellular topologies with customized multifunctional properties that may be unattainable with standard cell designs. Topology optimization methods are available for synthesizing the form of a cellular structure—including the size, shape, and connectivity of cell walls and the number, shape, and arrangement of cell openings—rather than specifying these features a priori. To date, the application of these methods for cellular materials design has been limited primarily to elastic and thermo-elastic properties, however, and limitations of standard topology optimization methods prevent direct application to many other phenomena such as conjugate heat transfer with internal convection. In this paper, we introduce a practical, two-stage, flexibility-based, multifunctional topology design approach for applications that require customized multifunctional properties. As part of the approach, robust topology design methods are used to design flexible cellular topology with customized structural properties. Dimensional and topological flexibility is embodied in the form of robust ranges of cell wall dimensions and robust permutations of a nominal cellular topology. The flexibility is used to improve the heat transfer characteristics of the design via addition/removal of cell walls and adjustment of cellular dimensions, respectively, without degrading structural performance. We apply the method to design stiff, actively cooled prismatic cellular materials for the combustor liners of next-generation gas turbine engines.

Development of Inner Rotating Core for a Molding Machine With Topology Optimization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Seok Park ◽  
Prakash Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
Optimal Topology ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Molding Machine ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Concept Evaluation ◽  
Main Component

Sulfur polymer concrete (SPC) is relatively new material used to replace Portland cement for making drain pipes currently being manufactured by horizontal spun technology which produces non-homogenous material distribution and low strength pipes. Due to drawbacks of existing machine, there is a necessity to design molding machine with improved technology for assuring homogenous compaction of material. In this research, a new machine is designed where inner rotating core is the main component for mixing, compressing and giving final shape of product. So, it is necessary to optimize this part in terms of topology to ensure robust functionality. First, the concept of a new molding machine was designed through problem exploration, idea generation, concept evaluation, and design improvement. The alternative was generated in consideration of customer requirements by applying TRIZ principles to overcome drawback of existing machine. One of the concepts was selected using scoring techniques where concepts are presented and compared with varieties of evaluating criteria. Topology optimization with density method has applied to design inner rotating core part for mass reduction and thereby optimum utilization of design space. Suitable engineering model was built based on loads, boundary condition and constraints. Loads are applied on inner core walls during mixing and compressing of sulfur concrete. Objective is focused to minimize the developed topology by maximizing stiffness. Repeated structural analysis is done to obtain the convergence data for optimal design. Optimized finite element topology is generated as CAD model for size optimization. The optimization study provided response charts of different design variables. Sensitivity analysis of the input variables helped in identifying the importance of each design variable and their respective effects on the output model. Different design points are rated on optimization study and best design points are chosen for the final dimension of structure. CATIA, OptiStruct and ANSYS are tools used for concept design, optimization of topology. To the end optimal topology is compared with the initial designed part in terms of weight and displacement. It is concluded that topology optimized model maximizes overall stiffness resulting in better and innovative product design with enhanced performance.

scholarly journals CLASSICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND UAV – SELECTED ASCPECTS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 947-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mikrut
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Images ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Subpixel Accuracy ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Uav Images ◽  
The One ◽  
Research Centres

The UAV technology seems to be highly future-oriented due to its low costs as compared to traditional aerial images taken from classical photogrammetry aircrafts. The AGH University of Science and Technology in Cracow - Department of Geoinformation, Photogrammetry and Environmental Remote Sensing focuses mainly on geometry and radiometry of recorded images. Various scientific research centres all over the world have been conducting the relevant research for years. The paper presents selected aspects of processing digital images made with the UAV technology. It provides on a practical example a comparison between a digital image taken from an airborne (classical) height, and the one made from an UAV level. In his research the author of the paper is trying to find an answer to the question: to what extent does the UAV technology diverge today from classical photogrammetry, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of both methods? The flight plan was made over the Tokarnia Village Museum (more than 0.5 km<sup>2</sup>) for two separate flights: the first was made by an UAV - System FT-03A built by FlyTech Solution Ltd. The second was made with the use of a classical photogrammetric Cesna aircraft furnished with an airborne photogrammetric camera (Ultra Cam Eagle). Both sets of photographs were taken with pixel size of about 3 cm, in order to have reliable data allowing for both systems to be compared. The project has made aerotriangulation independently for the two flights. The DTM was generated automatically, and the last step was the generation of an orthophoto. The geometry of images was checked under the process of aerotriangulation. To compare the accuracy of these two flights, control and check points were used. RMSE were calculated. The radiometry was checked by a visual method and using the author's own algorithm for feature extraction (to define edges with subpixel accuracy). After initial pre-processing of data, the images were put together, and shown side by side. Buildings and strips on the road were selected from whole data for the comparison of edges and details. The details on UAV images were not worse than those on classical photogrammetric ones. One might suppose that geometrically they also were correct. The results of aerotriangulation prove these facts, too. Final results from aerotriangulation were on the level of RMS = 1 pixel (about 3 cm). In general it can be said that photographs from UAVs are not worse than classic ones. In the author's opinion, geometric and radiometric qualities are at a similar level for this kind of area (a small village). This is a very significant result as regards mapping. It means that UAV data can be used in mapping production.

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