Design and Optimization of a Tidal Turbine and Farm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Mayeed
Keyword(s):  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Florida Current ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Failure Cost ◽  
Tidal Turbine

Tidal ocean power is a dependable and dense form of renewable energy which is a relatively underdeveloped field. This study optimizes a tidal turbine with respect to performance and economics, and then optimizes a farm to be economically feasible. It was determined that the southeastern portion of the Gulf Stream, Florida current, would be used for the tidal turbine system as it has some of the world’s fastest velocities and is relatively close to shore. The vertical axis designs were ruled out from extended research on turbine design for their lower efficiency in general. Only horizontal axis designs were tested in simulated environments. Using SolidWorks Flow Simulation and SolidWorks Simulation, turbine models were optimized and selected as having the potential for the greatest energy extraction. Static and fatigue analyses were conducted on the optimized models in order to prevent premature failure. Cost analysis was also performed on the turbine models and the model that had the lowest initial cost as well as the highest power generation was chosen for farm development. The optimized design produced reasonable amount of power considering varying velocities throughout the day having a diameter of about 30 m. Through fatigue analysis the optimized design also showed long enough lifetime so that a good return on investment can be acquired. The single optimized turbine was then placed in a farm, and the farm’s shape and arrangement were tested and optimized so that the best arrangement and distances between units could be found. It was found that a farm 1.25 kilometers by 20 kilometers consisting of 800 turbines would be optimal. The farm would produce an average of 249.33 megawatts for a profit of $294.88 million dollars annually. The farm would pay for itself in 7.12 years and have an expected life span of 26.1 years which was obtained through fatigue analysis.

scholarly journals An Unsteady Boundary Element Model for Hydrodynamic Performance of a Multi-Blade Vertical-Axis Tidal Turbine

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangnian Li ◽  
Qingren Chen ◽  
Hanbin Gu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Element ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Tidal Turbines ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Tidal Turbine ◽  
Vertical Axis Tidal Turbine

An unsteady boundary element model is developed to simulate the unsteady flow induced by the motion of a multi-blade vertical axis turbine. The distribution of the sources, bound vortices and wake vortices of the blades are given in detail. In addition, to make the numerical solution more robust, the Kutta condition is also introduced. The developed model is used to predict the hydrodynamic performance of a vertical axis tidal turbine and is validated by comparison with experimental data and other numerical solutions available in the literature. Good agreement is achieved and the calculation of the proposed model is simpler and more efficient than prior numerical solutions. The proposed model shows its capability for future profile design and optimization of vertical axis tidal turbines.

scholarly journals Performance Improvement of a Darrieus Tidal Turbine with Active Variable Pitch

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Pierre-Luc Delafin ◽  
François Deniset ◽  
Jacques André Astolfi ◽  
Frédéric Hauville
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Streamwise Velocity ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Variable Pitch ◽  
Tidal Turbine

Vertical axis turbines, also called Darrieus turbines, present interesting characteristics for offshore wind and tidal applications but suffer from vibrations and a lower efficiency than the more conventional horizontal axis turbines. The use of variable pitch, in order to control the angle of attack of the blades continuously during their rotation, is considered in this study to overcome these problems. 2D blade-resolved unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations are employed to evaluate the performance improvement that pitching blades can bring to the optimal performance of a three-straight-blade vertical axis tidal turbine. Three pitching laws are defined and tested. They aim to reduce the angle of attack of the blades in the upstream half of the turbine. No pitching motion is used in the downstream half. The streamwise velocity, monitored at the center of the turbine, together with the measurement of the blades’ angle of attack help show the effectiveness of the proposed pitching laws. The decrease in the angle of attack in the upstream half of a revolution leads to a significant increase in the power coefficient (+40%) and to a better balance of the torque generated in the upstream and downstream halves. Both torque and thrust ripples are therefore significantly reduced.

scholarly journals Design and Optimization of a Centrifugal Pump for Slurry Transport Using the Response Surface Method

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Khaled Alawadhi ◽  
Bashar Alzuwayer ◽  
Tareq Ali Mohammad ◽  
Mohammad H. Buhemdi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Geometry Characteristic ◽  
Line Design

Since centrifugal pumps consume a mammoth amount of energy in various industrial applications, their design and optimization are highly relevant to saving maximum energy and increasing the system’s efficiency. In the current investigation, a centrifugal pump has been designed and optimized. The study has been carried out for the specific application of transportation of slurry at a flow rate of 120 m3/hr to a head of 20 m. For the optimization process, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) and response surface methodology (RSM) have been employed. The process is based on the mean line design of the pump. It utilizes six geometric parameters as design variables, i.e., number of vanes, inlet beta shroud, exit beta shroud, hub inlet blade draft, Rake angle, and the impeller’s rotational speed. The objective functions employed are pump power, hydraulic efficiency, volumetric efficiency, and pump efficiency. In this reference, five different software packages, i.e., ANSYS Vista, ANSYS DesignModeler, response surface optimization software, and ANSYS CFX, were coupled to achieve the optimized design of the pump geometry. Characteristic maps were generated using simulations conducted for 45 points. Additionally, erosion rate was predicted using 3-D numerical simulations under various conditions. Finally, the transient behavior of the pump, being the highlight of the study, was evaluated. Results suggest that the maximum fluctuation in the local pressure and stresses on the cases correspond to a phase angle of 0°–30° of the casing that in turn corresponds to the maximum erosion rates in the region.

scholarly journals A Dynamic Rotor Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine with a Blade Transitioning Capability

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elie Antar ◽  
Amne El Cheikh ◽  
Michel Elkhoury
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Detached Eddy Simulation ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation

This work presents an optimized design of a dynamic rotor vertical-axis wind turbine (DR VAWT) which maximizes the operational tip-speed ratio (TSR) range and the average power coefficient (Cp) value while maintaining a low cut-in wind velocity. The DR VAWT is capable of mimicking a Savonius rotor during the start-up phase and transitioning into a Darrieus one with increasing rotor radius at higher TSRs. The design exploits the fact that with increasing rotor radius, the TSR value increases, where the peak power coefficient is attained. A 2.5D improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) approach was adopted in order to optimize the dynamic rotor design, where results showed that the generated blades’ trajectories can be readily replicated by simple mechanisms in reality. A thorough sensitivity analysis was conducted on the generated optimized blades’ trajectories, where results showed that they were insensitive to values of the Reynolds number. The performance of the DR VAWT turbine with its blades following different trajectories was contrasted with the optimized turbine, where the influence of the blade pitch angle was highlighted. Moreover, a cross comparison between the performance of the proposed design and that of the hybrid Savonius–Darrieus one found in the literature was carefully made. Finally, the effect of airfoil thickness on the performance of the optimized DR VAWT was thoroughly analyzed.

scholarly journals Wake of a Ducted Vertical Axis Tidal Turbine in Turbulent Flows, LBM Actuator-Line Approach

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaël Grondeau ◽  
Sylvain Guillou ◽  
Philippe Mercier ◽  
Emmanuel Poizot
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Tidal Currents ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Tidal Turbines ◽  
Tidal Turbine ◽  
Vertical Axis Tidal Turbine ◽  
Ambient Turbulence ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Boltzmann Method

Vertical axis tidal turbines are devices that extract the kinetic energy from tidal currents. Tidal currents can be highly turbulent. Since ambient turbulence affects the turbine hydrodynamic, it is critical to understand its influence in order to optimize tidal farms. Actuator Line Model (ALM) combined with Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is a promising way to comprehend this phenomenon. In this article, an ALM was implemented into a Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) LES solver. This implementation gives good results for predicting the wake of a vertical axis tidal turbine placed into a turbulent boundary layer. The validated numerical configuration was then used to compute the wake of a real size ducted vertical axis tidal turbine. Several upstream turbulence rates were simulated. It was found that the shape of the wake is strongly influenced by the ambient turbulence. The cost-to-precision ratio of ALM-LBM-LES compared to fully resolved LBM-LES makes it a promising way of modeling tidal farms.

Mechanical engineering with solidwork flow simulation improving and supporting undergraduate student learning in mechanical engineering courses: Fluid dynamic course

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Youssef Kassem ◽  
Ramzi Asteg Faraj ◽  
Huseyin Camur
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Virtual Laboratory ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Engineering Department

The computer-aided design programs such as Solidwork flow simulation (SWFS) provide powerful, engaging, hands-on software to understand and develop designs for the real world. SWFS can be considered as a virtual laboratory. The purpose of this study is to show that using SWFS will help the undergraduate students to understand the concepts of fluid dynamic course in the Mechanical Engineering Department. This paper presents an example of the effect of both the temperature and density on the stream flow characteristics around a vertical axis wind turbine using SWFS. Moreover, the use of the SWFS in engineering education is shown by an important experiment taken from the field of mechanical engineering.Keywords: Fluid dynamic, mechanical engineering, SWFS, virtual laboratory.

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