Strength and Hardness Assessment of Copper and Copper Alloy Coatings on Stainless Steel Substrates

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ibrahim ◽  
Khaled Al-Athel ◽  
Abul Fazal M. Arif
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Coating Composition ◽  
The Cross

Coatings are extensively used in many areas including industrial and medical fields to serve various functions as corrosion resistance, wear resistance and antibacterial purposes. Copper and copper alloys are among the most widely applied coating materials for several industrial and medical applications. One of their widely used copper coating applications is in the antibacterial coating area. Most of the research done in this field focuses on the antibacterial behavior with no comprehensive assessment regarding their mechanical properties, such as hardness and adhesion strength. In this work, mechanical assessment of strength and hardness of pure copper and several copper alloys including Cu Sn5% P0.6%, Cu Ni18 Zn14 (German silver), and Cu Al9 Fe1 are studied experimentally and numerically. All coatings are deposited on stainless steel substrate disks of 25mm diameter by wire-arc thermal spraying at the center of advanced coating technologies, University of Toronto. All coatings are 150 microns in thickness, with two additional thicknesses up to 350 microns for Cu Ni18 Zn14 (German silver) and Cu Al9 Fe1. The effect of the coating thickness and composition on the mechanical properties is studied for all the copper and copper alloy samples with the varying thicknesses between 150 and 350 microns. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface as well as the cross-sectional microstructure of the coatings. Vickers micro-indentation tests are used to evaluate hardness at various locations on the cross-section of the coating and the substrate. This is used to evaluate the effect of the deposition of the coating material, and the subsequent solidification, on the hardness of the coating layer as well as the substrate near the coating interface. Pull-off adhesion tests are performed to evaluate the effect of the coating composition and thickness on the strength of the coatings. Tests are carried out to compute the pull-off failure stress that causes the delamination between the coating and the substrate. Computational analysis will be used to calibrate the experimental data when available by means of finite element analysis. The preliminary pull-off tests show interesting results as the samples with lower coating thicknesses exhibit delamination at higher strengths. This is due to the increase in residual stresses in higher thicknesses building up during the deposition process. Some of the samples did not even fail at lower thicknesses of 150 microns. A comprehensive analysis between the adhesion strength and hardness will be very useful in understanding the effect of coating composition and thickness on the mechanical properties of the coating.

Microstructural and Mechanical Properties Evaluation of Tungsten Inert Gas-Welded 316 Stainless Steel and Pure Copper Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 678-684
Author(s):  
Naveen Thomas ◽  
A. Mathew ◽  
Kurias George ◽  
Noble Thomas ◽  
Sherin Thampi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
316 Stainless Steel

Improving Friction Stir Welding between Copper and 304L Stainless Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Imani ◽  
M.K. Besharati Givi ◽  
Michel Guillot
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
304L Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Direction ◽  
Fsw Experiments

As a solid-state welding technology, friction stir welding (FSW) can join dissimilar materials with good mechanical properties. In this paper, friction stir welding between 304L stainless steel and commercially pure copper plates with thicknesses of 3 mm was performed. A number of FSW experiments were carried out to obtain the optimum mechanical properties by adjusting the rotational speed to 1000 rpm and welding speed in the range of 14-112 mm/min and with an adjustable offset of the pin location with respect to the butt line. Microstructural analyses have been done to check the weld quality. Cross-sectioning of the welds for metallographic analysis in planes perpendicular to the welding direction and parallel to the weld crown was also performed. The mechanical properties of the welds were determined using a combination of conventional microhardness and tensile testing. From this investigation it is found that the offset of the pin is an essential factor in producing defect free welds in friction stir welding of copper and steel.

scholarly journals Development Of Lead Free Copper Alloy Casting; Mechanical Properties, Castability and Machinability

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Umeda Takateru
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Pouring Temperature ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
Tin Bronze ◽  
Alloy Castings ◽  
Better Than

The regulation for the lead discharge in the environment was strengthened, in Japan, the standards 0.01 mg/I or less has been in force from April 2003. In order to meet the new standard, two technologies for reduction of lead dissolution into the drinking water have been developed in Japan; substitution of lead free copper alloys for lead bearing bronze (JIS-CAC406) and introduction of surface treatment technology. This technological trend was shortly reviewed. For development of lead free copper alloy casting, mechanical properties, castability and machinability of various lead free alloy castings were examined. Trial alloys used were commercially available ones such as the lead free bronze containing Bi, the lead free bronze containing Bi-Se, the lead free bronze containing Bi-Sb and the lead free brass containing Si. Mechanical properties of alloys were dependent on the pouring temperature and castings thickness and were generally less than those of tin bronze castings (JIS-CAC406, Cu-5 wt% Sn-5 wt% Zn-5 wt% Pb). The machinability of the lead free bronze containing Bi and Se was better than that of the lead free bronze castings containing Bi and Bi-Sb. But was still 10 to 15 % less than that of JIS-CAC406. In a lead free alloy substituted by Bi, adjustment of tin, zinc and bismuth contents was attempted and in the Bi-Se system, the adequate adjustment, for bismuth and selenium contents and also for tin, zinc and bismuth contents, was attempted. New alloy in which the mechanical properties sufficiently satisfy the standard for JIS-CAC406 is developed.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Microstructure of the Copper Alloy (DIN-ECu-57) in the Deformation Zone in the Process of Pressing Conform

2018 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Zinoviev ◽  
Alexander N. Koshmin ◽  
Alexander Y. Chasnikov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Deformation Zone ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Metal Flow ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Continuous Extrusion

The process of continuous extrusion Conform, relating to modern energy-efficient metalworking technologies, is now widespread in the production of hollow and solid long-cut profiles of various cross-sections made of aluminum and copper alloys. However, in questions relating to the metal flow pattern and the formation of microstructure and mechanical properties, directly at the deformation zone, it has not studied sufficiently [1]. The work aimed at studying the nature of the metal flow and the transformation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the copper alloy GOST-M1 (DIN-ECu-57) in the deformation zone during the pressing of round (Ø 8, 24, 30 mm) and flat (10 × 30, 10 × 60, 10 × 80, 10 × 100 mm) profiles. It was performed on the basis of New Metallurgical Technologies Ltd. and the department of metal forming of the NUST MISiS. In the pressing process, the templates of these profiles were selected, further samples for experiment were made and the study of the nature of the alloy flow in the longitudinal direction were carried out (continuous casting - deformation center - finished profile).

scholarly journals Influence of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Ni Films on 430 Stainless Steel Substrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 855-861
Author(s):  
Yong Pan ◽  
Junwei Cui ◽  
Weixin Lei ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Zengsheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steel Substrate ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
430 Stainless Steel ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Texture Orientation

AbstractEffects of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of Ni films on 430 stainless steel substrate were investigated. The Ni films were annealed at heat treatment temperatures ranging from 0 °C to 800 °C for 2 h. The surface morphology, composition, and texture orientation of Ni films were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction. The load–indentation depth curves of Ni films before and after heat treatment were measured by using nanoindentation method. In conjunction with finite element modeling and dimensional analysis, the stress–strain relationships of Ni films on 430 stainless steel substrate at different temperatures are successfully obtained by using a power-law hardening model.

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Finite Element Modeling in Friction Stir Welding of C12200 Copper Alloy to C36000 High-Leaded Brass Pipe

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (8A) ◽  
pp. 1106-1116
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Akber ◽  
Ali A. Khleif ◽  
Abbas N. Hasein
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Zero Degree

In systems transporting fluids like petrol, water, or any fluids. Copper and brass pipes are used because of the capability to resist corrosion. The copper alloys can be welded by several methods like arc, resistance, friction welding, and gas methods and they can be readily soldered and brazed. In the present study, mechanical properties and finite element modeling evaluation for friction stir welding of two dissimilar pipes (C12200 copper alloy pipe with C36000 copper alloy pipe). During this study six parameters were used where rotation speed of (775,1000,1300 and1525rpm), welding speed of 1.7 mm/min, axial force of 8.5KN, with a CW direction of rotation, and zero degree of tilt angle, using a threaded cone geometry of the tool. The results showed that the best weld quality was in case when the speed of rotation was 1525 rpm. 

Effect of Electrolytic/Chemical Pretreatment on Adhesion Strength of DLC Coatings on 304 Stainless Steel Substrate

2013 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Dong Jin ◽  
Chao Yin Nie ◽  
Chun Hua Ran ◽  
Wen Zhu ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel Substrate ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

To improve adhesion strength of DLC coatings on 304 stainless steel substrate,we studied substrate pretreatment by electrolytic/chemical etching methods.In this study,The DLC coatings were deposited on two groups of 304 stainless steel which had been electrolytically and chemically etched separately. The morphology of the coatings and substrate were characterized by SEM and metalloscope. The surface roughness of substrate was measured by roughness tester .The result shows that adhesion strength of DLC coatings on 304 stainless steel substrate is improved obviously due to mechanical interlock,surface adsorption and stress release.With prolonging the etching time,the adhesion strength of DLC coatings on the chemically etched substrate increase firstly and then decrease. The adhesion strength of DLC coatings on electrolytically etched substrate continuously increase. DLC coatings on electrolytically etched substrate perform better than the one on chemically etched substrate in adhesion.This is caused by the different surface morphology.

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