Performance Analysis of a Humid Air Turbine Cycle With an Aero-Derivative Gas Turbine

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwei Chen ◽  
Di Huang ◽  
Huisheng Zhang ◽  
Shilie Weng
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Saturation Curve ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Air Turbine

Nowadays, the issues of the energy and environment become more and more serious with the demand of energy increasing drastically. The advanced gas turbine cycles provide the opportunities to solve these issues. Humid air turbine (HAT) cycle, which is one of the most promising cycles with high efficiency, low emissions and low unit investment costs, is a prominent representation of the advanced gas turbine cycles. In this paper, an aero-derivative three-shaft gas turbine was converted to the HAT cycle. The aero-derivative is one of the most efficient simple cycles, whose system efficiency can reach 40%. And it is an effective solution to transform the advanced technology from the aeronautical filed to the industrial application. In order to investigate the performance of the HAT cycle, the saturator model was established based on the saturation curve and the saturator working line. Additionally, it was validated that the saturator model was consistent with the steady state experimental results very well. The maximum error of the outlet air temperature is less than 0.8% and the maximum error of the outlet air humidity is less than 1.9%. Three different HAT cycle systems were designed and simulated on the MATLAB platform. The thermodynamic performance of the three HAT systems on the design point shows that case 2 is the better one, which means that the aftercooler does not have obvious benefits for system performance and NOx emissions. Then, the effects of the ambient temperature on the case 2 and simple cycle were investigated. The results show that the HAT cycle has the more favorable off-design performance than the simple cycle when the ambient temperature is changed.

Design Study of a Humidification Tower for the Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Araki ◽  
Shinichi Higuchi ◽  
Shinya Marushima ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Water Atomization ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Compressor Work

The AHAT (advanced humid air turbine) system, which can be equipped with a heavy-duty, single-shaft gas turbine, aims at high efficiency equal to that of the HAT system. Instead of an intercooler, a WAC (water atomization cooling) system is used to reduce compressor work. The characteristics of a humidification tower (a saturator), which is used as a humidifier for the AHAT system, were studied. The required packing height and the exit water temperature from the humidification tower were analyzed for five virtual gas turbine systems with different capacities (1MW, 3.2MW, 10MW, 32MW and 100MW) and pressure ratios (π = 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24). Thermal efficiency of the system was compared with that of a simple cycle and a recuperative cycle with and without the WAC system. When the packing height of the humidification tower was changed, the required size varied for the three heat exchangers around the humidification tower (a recuperator, an economizer and an air cooler). The packing height with which the sum total of the size of the packing and these heat exchangers became a minimum was 1m for the lowest pressure ratio case, and 6m for the highest pressure ratio case.

Steady State Off-Design Performance of Humid Air Turbine Cycle

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Shijie Zhang ◽  
Yunhan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Design Performance ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycle is recognized as a competitive innovative gas turbine cycle with good off-design thermodynamic performance. However, the off-design performance of the HAT cycle has not been sufficiently analyzed. In this paper, a steady state on-design and off-design thermodynamic performance investigation of the HAT cycle was presented by comparing the HAT cycle with other competitive gas turbine cycles. In order to perform energy analysis of various gas turbine cycles, a gas turbine cycle analysis system was developed, where the advanced detailed component models of the investigated cycles were built and integrated. A detailed turbine cooling model including various cooling methods was used to indicate the effects of the turbine cooling on the thermodynamic performance of the gas turbine cycles when the turbine inlet temperature is high. The model can also indicate changes in level of cooling technology. The saturator was simulated as a one-dimensional model which can be used to size the saturator at on-design condition and to investigate the thermodynamic performance of the saturator at off-design condition. The HAT cycle was compared with four different cycles for on-design and off-design thermodynamic performances: 1) simple cycle, 2) recuperated cycle (REC), 3) recuperated water injected (RWI) cycle and 4) steam injection gas turbine (STIG) cycle. The focus of the comparison was put on the thermodynamic off-design performance of the different gas turbine cycles. The effects of ambient temperature and load reduction (part-load at ISO conditions) on the thermodynamic performance of the simple, the recuperated, the RWI, the STIG and the HAT cycle were investigated and compared. The results indicate that the HAT cycle can recover the low grade heat efficiently and when ambient temperature increases, HAT cycle has the most favorable off-design performance. At part-load conditions, the off-design performance of HAT cycle is not so good as STIG cycle and simple cycle, but is better than the RWI cycle and recuperated cycle.

Design Study of a Humidification Tower for the Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Araki ◽  
Shinichi Higuchi ◽  
Shinya Marushima ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Water Atomization ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Compressor Work

The advanced humid air turbine (AHAT) system, which can be equipped with a heavy-duty, single-shaft gas turbine, aims at high efficiency equal to that of the HAT system. Instead of an intercooler, a WAC (water atomization cooling) system is used to reduce compressor work. The characteristics of a humidification tower (a saturator), which is used as a humidifier for the AHAT system, were studied. The required packing height and the exit water temperature from the humidification tower were analyzed for five virtual gas turbine systems with different capacities (1, 3.2, 10, 32, and 100MW) and pressure ratios (π=8, 12, 16, 20, and 24). Thermal efficiency of the system was compared with that of a simple cycle and a recuperative cycle with and without the WAC system. When the packing height of the humidification tower was changed, the required size varied for the three heat exchangers around the humidification tower (a recuperator, an economizer, and an air cooler). The packing height with which the sum total of the size of the packing and these heat exchangers became a minimum was 1m for the lowest pressure ratio case, and 6m for the highest pressure ratio case.

Steady-State Off-Design Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of a Humid Air Turbine Based on a Micro Turbine

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijie Zhang ◽  
Yunhan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Design Performance ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Micro Turbine

This paper presents a steady-state on-design and off-design thermodynamic performance investigation of a Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycle and other competitive gas turbine cycles based on a simple cycle micro turbine. First of all, several stand-alone softwares and programs were integrated to achieve the computational capability of mass and energy balancing and optimization at on-design and off-design conditions. Later on, this paper shows the simulated on-design performance of a micro turbine in three different modified configurations: 1) recuperated cycle, 2) Recuperated Water Injected (RWI) cycle and 3) HAT cycle. The micro turbine is a 90.10 kW single-shaft simple cycle gas turbine with the electrical efficiency of 12.8%. After transformation, the electrical efficiencies of the recuperated, the RWI and the HAT cycle are 26.21%, 29.26% and 29.92%, respectively; the power outputs are 82.52 kW, 106.22 kW and 109.92 kW, respectively. Finally, the effects of load reduction (part-load at ISO conditions) and ambient temperature on the thermodynamic off-design performance of the simple, the recuperated, the RWI and the HAT cycle were investigated and compared. Simulation results indicate that the HAT cycle and the RWI cycle have similar off-design performance. In addition, the two evaporative cycles have more favorable off-design performance compared with the other two cycles with waste heat utilization of converting to power. It is concluded that the adjustment of the water vapor added to the compressed air has beneficial effect on the stability of the off-design performance. However, because of the absence of intercooler, as well as the limited amount of available waste exergy inside the micro gas turbine cycle, the advantages of the on-design and off-design performance of the transformed HAT cycle on the other competitive cycles are not completely displayed.

A Systematic Comparison and Multi-Objective Optimization of Humid Power Cycles—Part I: Thermodynamics

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Kavanagh ◽  
G. T. Parks
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
The Impact

The steam injected gas turbine (STIG), humid air turbine (HAT), and TOP Humid Air Turbine (TOPHAT) cycles lie at the center of the debate on which humid power cycle will deliver optimal performance when applied to an aeroderivative gas turbine and, indeed, when such cycles will be implemented. Of these humid cycles, it has been claimed that the TOPHAT cycle has the highest efficiency and specific work, followed closely by the HAT, and then the STIG cycle. In this study, the systems have been simulated using consistent thermodynamic and economic models for the components and working fluid properties, allowing a consistent and nonbiased appraisal of these systems. Part I of these two papers focuses purely on the thermodynamic performance and the impact of the system parameters on the performance; Part II will study the economic performance. The three humid power systems and up to ten system parameters are optimized using a multi-objective Tabu Search algorithm, developed in the Cambridge Engineering Design Centre.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic and Techno-Economic Analyses of a Combined Cycle Power Plant With a Simple Cycle Gas Turbine, the Bottoming Air Turbine Cycle and the Reverse Brayton Cycle

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Shnaid
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust ◽  
Economic Analyses

The modem combined cycle power plants achieved thermal efficiency of 50–55% by applying bottoming multistage Rankine steam cycle. At the same time, the Brayton cycle is an attractive option for a bottoming cycle engine. In the author’s US Patent No. 5,442,904 is described a combined cycle system with a simple cycle gas turbine, the bottoming air turbine Brayton cycle, and the reverse Brayton cycle. In this system, air turbine Brayton cycle produces mechanic power using exergy of gas turbine exhaust gases, while the reverse Brayton cycle refrigerates gas turbine inlet air. Using this system, supercharging of gas turbine compressor becomes possible. In the paper, thermodynamic optimization of the system is done, and the system techno-economic characteristics are evaluated.

An Evaluation of Steam Injected Combustion Turbine Systems

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Brown ◽  
A. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustor ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Distillate Fuel

Performance and economic evaluation results are presented for steam injected combustion turbine systems. The steam injected gas turbine plant shows a potential for low capital cost and high efficiency for sites where water consumption is not a deterrent. Steam produced in a heat recovery steam generator is injected into the gas turbine combustor section to the extent of 0.155 pounds steam per pound of air flow. Water consumption is estimated to be 2.5 pounds per kWh (1.13 kg/hWh). When burning distillate fuel at 2200°F (1204°C), the potential efficiency is 40 percent as compared to 38 percent for a simple cycle gas turbine, and the specific output per pound of air flow is increased by 30 percent. The estimated capital cost per kilowatt is 3 percent greater than that for the simple cycle gas turbine.

A Systematic Comparison and Multi-Objective Optimization of Humid Power Cycles—Part II: Economics

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Kavanagh ◽  
G. T. Parks
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
The Impact

The steam injected gas turbine (STIG), humid air turbine (HAT), and TOP Humid Air Turbine (TOPHAT) cycles lie at the center of the debate on which humid power cycle will deliver optimal performance when applied to an aeroderivative gas turbine and, indeed, when such cycles will be implemented. Of these humid cycles, it has been claimed that the TOPHAT cycle has the highest efficiency and specific work, followed closely by the HAT and then the STIG cycle. In this study, the systems have been simulated using consistent thermodynamic and economic models for the components and working fluid properties, allowing a consistent and nonbiased appraisal of these systems. Part I of these two papers focused on the thermodynamic performance and the impact of the system parameters on the performance, Part II studies the economic performance of these cycles. The three humid power systems and up to ten system parameters are optimized using a multi-objective Tabu Search algorithm, developed in the Cambridge Engineering Design Centre.

System Optimization of Humid Air Turbine Cycle

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunhan Xiao ◽  
Rumou Lin ◽  
Ruixian Cai
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Air Turbine

The humid air turbine (HAT) cycle, proposed by Mori et al. and recently developed by Rao et al. at Flour Daniel, has been identified as a promising way to generate electric power at high efficiency, low cost and simple system relative to combined cycle and steam injection gas turbine cycle. It has aroused considerable interest. Thermodynamic means, such as intercooling, regeneration, heat recovery at low temperature and especially non-isothermal vaporisation by multi-phase and multi-component, are adopted in HAT cycle to reduce the external and internal exergy losses relative to the energy conversion system. In addition to the parameter analysis and the technical aspect of HAT cycle, there is also a strong need for “systems” research to identify the best ways, of configuring HAT cycle to integrate all the thermodynamic advantages more efficiently to achieve high performance. The key units in HAT cycle are analyzed thermodynamically and modelled in this paper. The superstructure containing all potentially highly efficient flowsheeting alternatives is also proposed. The system optimization of the HAT cycle is thus represented by a nonlinear programming problem. The problem is solved automatically by a successive quadratic algorithm to select the optimal configuration and optimal design parameters for the HAT cycle. The results have shown that the configuration of the HAT cycle currently adopted is not optimal for efficiency and/or specific power, and the current pressure ratio are too high to be favorable for highest performance. Based on the current technical practice, the optimal flowsheeting for thermal efficiency can reach 60.33% when TIT=1533K, while the optimal flowsheeting for specific power can achieve 1300kW/kg/s air for TIT at 1533K. The optimal flowsheeting configuration is compared favorably with the other existing ones.

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