Simplified Spur Gear Design

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Osakue
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Hertz Contact ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
The Difference

A simplified design method (SDM) for spur gears is presented. The Hertz contact stress and Lewis root bending stress capacity models for spur gears have been reformulated and formatted into simplified forms. A scheme is suggested for estimating the AGMA J-factor in Lewis root bending stress for spur gears from a single curve for both pinion and gear instead of the conventional two curves. A service load factor is introduced in gear design that accounts for different conventional rated load modifier factors. It represents a magnification factor for the rated load in a gear design problem. Two design examples are considered for applications of the stress capacity models. In Example 1, the Hertz contact stress of the SDM deviates from AGMA value by 1.95%. The variance in Example 2 between the contact stress of the SDM and FEM is 1.184% while that between SDM and AGMA is 0.09%. The root bending stress of AGMA and SDM for the pinion in Example 1 differs by 1.44% and that for the gear by 6.59%. The difference between the root bending stress of AGMA and SDM for pinion and gear in Example 2 is 0.18%. These examples suggest that the new simplified method gives results that compare very favorably with both AGMA and FEM solutions. The simplified method developed is recommended mainly for preliminary design when quick but reliable solutions are sought.

scholarly journals Research on the Design and Modification of Asymmetric Spur Gear

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohe Deng ◽  
Lin Hua ◽  
Xinghui Han
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Geometric Shape ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
Aided Design

A design method for the geometric shape and modification of asymmetric spur gear was proposed, in which the geometric shape and modification of the gear can be obtained directly according to the rack-cutter profile. In the geometric design process of the gear, a rack-cutter with different pressure angles and fillet radius in the driving side and coast side was selected, and the generated asymmetric spur gear profiles also had different pressure angles and fillets accordingly. In the modification design of the gear, the pressure angle modification of rack-cutter was conducted firstly and then the corresponding modified involute gear profile was obtained. The geometric model of spur gears was developed using computer-aided design, and the meshing process was analyzed using finite element simulation method. Furthermore, the transmission error and load sharing ratio of unmodified and modified asymmetric spur gears were investigated. Research results showed that the proposed gear design method was feasible and desired spur gear can be obtained through one time rapid machining by the method. Asymmetric spur gear with better transmission characteristic can be obtained via involute modification.

scholarly journals Optimization of Tooth Root Profile Using Bezier Curve with G2 Continuity to Reduce Bending Stress of Asymmetric Spur Gear Tooth

2018 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 03010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyakant Vaghela ◽  
Jagdish Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Bézier Curve ◽  
Bezier Curve ◽  
Tooth Root ◽  
Geometric Continuity ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
G2 Continuity

This research describes simple and innovative approach to reduce bending stress at tooth root of asymmetric spur gear tooth which is desire for improve high load carrying capacity. In gear design at root of tooth circular-filleted is widely used. Blending of the involute profile of tooth and circular fillet creates discontinuity at root of tooth causes stress concentration occurs. In order to minimize stress concentration, geometric continuity of order 2 at the blending of gear tooth plays very important role. Bezier curve is used with geometric continuity of order 2 at tooth root of asymmetric spur gear to reduce bending stress.

scholarly journals A Life Study of AISI M-50 and Super Nitralloy Spur Gears With and Without Tip Relief

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Townsend ◽  
E. V. Zaretsky
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Consumable Electrode ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Life Study ◽  
Tooth Fracture ◽  
The Difference

Tests were conducted at 350 K (170 deg F) with groups of 8.9 cm (3.5-in.)-pitch-diameter spur gear with and without tip relief made of consumable-electrode vacuum melted (CVM) Super Nitralloy (5Ni-2Al) and CVM AISI M-50 steel. The AISI M-50 gears without tip relief had lives approximately 50 percent longer than the Super Nitralloy gears without tip relief. However, the Super Nitralloy gears with tip relief had lives equal to the AISI M-50 gears without tip relief. The difference in lives were not statistically significant. All gears failed by classical pitting fatigue at the pitch circle. However, the AISI M-50 gears with tip relief failed by tooth fracture. AISI M-50 gear sets without tip relief having a spalled gear tooth which were deliberately overrun after spalling had occurred, failed by tooth fracture.

scholarly journals Pemilihan Rancangan Roda Gigi Berdasarkan Karakteristik Material dengan Metode Electre

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufiq Rochman
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Transmission Conditions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
Electre Method ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
Machine Elements ◽  
Selection Of

<span class="fontstyle0">Gears is one of machine elements, cylindrical wheels used for transmitting motion and power from one rotary shaft to anothers. The design of the gear is part of the engineering design activities to produce products that are not only superior in terms of technology but produce the design in accordance with the designer. The design of gear involves extensive procedure, complex calculations and many design decision. It is necessary for the design of the gear based on characteristics of material that matches the designer whishes. The characteristics of material on which to base the design include the size of the geometry, the contact stress, bending stress, precision standard and transmission conditions. Selection of gear design to consider the characteristic materials through multi criteria decision making approach. The ELECTRE method is one of MCDM method used to help decision makers choose the best alternative with outranking approach. The results of the analysis with the model ELECTRE is best alternative consists of alternative 3 that has some design criteria includes: contact stress, , bending stress, precision based on the ISO 1328 standard, transmission conditions and the size of the geometry. According to these calcultion , the absolute dominance grading was determined as alternative 3 &gt; alternative 1 &gt; alternative 4 &gt;alternative 2.</span>

scholarly journals Research on the Method and Model for Calculating Impact Load in the Rockburst Tunnel

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Yan ◽  
Dagang Liu ◽  
Zhilong Wang ◽  
Daming Zhao ◽  
Hongtao Tian
Keyword(s):  
Impact Load ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Circular Tunnel ◽  
Supporting Structure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Among several design methods of tunnel supporting structure, the load-structure method is widely used in different countries, but the determination of load is essential in this design method. The problem of rockburst is becoming more prominent as tunnel engineering enters the deep underground space. However, the research on the impact load on the supporting structure is insufficient in relevant fields. Therefore, from the perspective of energy, this paper deduces the method and model for calculating the impact load of the rockburst tunnel acting on the supporting structure by using the method of structural mechanics first, after the location effect of impact load is determined under different section types and different section sizes. The results indicated that: dynamic load factor K is related to the stiffness EI and supporting size coefficient K0 of the supporting structure, also the difference of impact load in different sections is proved. Tunnel rockburst-prone location is related to lateral pressure coefficient, thus when λ = 1, the probability of rockburst in the whole circular tunnel is the same, while side wall and vault are prone to rockburst in single-track horseshoe tunnel, and the side wall is prone to rockburst in double-track horseshoe tunnel; furthermore when λ > 1, the vault and the inverted arch are prone to rockburst; additionally, when λ < 1, the rockburst is most likely to occur in the arch waist of the circular tunnel and the side walls and the arch waist of the horseshoe tunnel. Finally, the rockburst tunnel’s local load-structure calculation model and the calculation process based on the model are provided.

A Visual Basic Program to Calculate Gear Features

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Vavrek
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Basic Program ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Analysis Program ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
Visual Basic Program

Abstract This paper describes a spur gear design analysis program written in visual basic. The program is used to assist engineering students in the design of spur gears, which involves many calculations and decisions. This software program simplifies and streamlines the design and selection process. Since the visual basic program is event driven, the user can go through the program by inputting values into text boxes and then initiating events by clicking on command buttons. An important feature of this program is the ability to insert pictures, tables, graphs, drawings, and figures to enhance the program functionality. Most inputs are taken from graphs, charts, or tables so the user knows where and how the information is obtained and used. Outputs are shown with their appropriate figures, drawings, or calculation formulas to assist the user in understanding how the output was derived. The software has the advantage of making minor changes to the problem quickly and easily to see how the output is affected.

Stress Analysis and a Design Method for Bolted Pipe Flanged Joints Subjected to Internal Pressure

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Sawa ◽  
Takashi Kobayashi ◽  
Hirokazu Tsuji ◽  
Satoshi Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Nominal Diameter

This paper deals with the stress analysis of a pipe flange connection with a spiral wound gasket using the elasto-plastic finite element method when an internal pressure is applied to the pipe flange connections with the different nominal diameters from 2″ to 20″. The effects of the nominal diameter of the pipe flange on the contact stress distributions at the interfaces and the hub stress are examined. Leakage tests of the pipe flange connections with 3″ and 20″ nominal diameters were conducted and measurement of the axial bolt force was also performed. The results by the finite element analysis are fairly consistent with the experimental results concerning the variation in the axial bolt force (Load factor). By using the contact stress distributions and the results of the leakage test, the modified gasket constants are proposed and compared with PVRC values. As a result, it is found that the variations in the contact stress distributions are substantial due to the flange rotation in the pipe flange connections with the larger nominal diameter. The hub stress has been overestimated by ASME method. In addition, a method to determine the bolt preload for a given tightness parameter and a rational design method for pipe flange connections are demonstrated.

A New Photoelastic Investigation of the Dynamic Bending Stress of Spur Gears

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Jong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Photoelastic Investigation ◽  
Bending Stresses

In this paper, the maximum tensile bending stress (MTBS) and the critical point in the root fillet of spur gear tooth during transmission are determined by a digital photoelastic system involving real time imaging. The behavioral characteristics of the bending stresses of the gear tooth are analyzed at different rotation speeds, transmitted torques, and contact points. Then, the dynamic effects, the various critical points and the maximum tensile bending stresses are compared experimentally and theoretically, and discussed. Finally, the best approaches for determining the maximum bending stress and its position in the root fillet of spur gear tooth are recommended.

scholarly journals STRESS ON SPUR GEAR AND SIMULATION FOR MICRO HYBRID SYSTEMS BY ANSYS WORKBENCH

Wahana Fisika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Anisul Islam ◽  
Md. Mashrur Islam
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Ansys Workbench

Spur gears are the most well-known kind of gears used in hybrid vehicle’s power transmission. They have straight teeth, and are mounted on parallel shafts. In some cases, many spur gears are utilized without a moment's delay to make huge rigging decreases. In this paper how stress creates on a spur equip under various conditions and conditions and reenactments of a rigging system (two spur gears) is assessed by Ansys workbench. For this static structural and dynamic analysis modeling is utilized. A couple of spurs equip tooth in real life is by and large subjected to two sorts of cyclic stress: contact stress and twisting stress including bowing fatigue. The two stresses may not accomplish their greatest esteems at a similar purpose of contact fatigue. These sorts of failure can be limited by analysis of the issue amid the outline organize and making appropriate tooth surface profile with legitimate assembling strategies.

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