Investigations on Deformation in Spur Gear for Transmission Efficiency

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Jawale ◽  
H. T. Thorat ◽  
Harshal Zalke
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Dynamic Factors ◽  
Drive Systems ◽  
Almost All

Mechanical gears are important power transmission element in drive systems. The efficiency of the gear drive is important as it is employed in almost all mechanical systems for obtaining desired speed-torque characteristics. Spur gears are obvious choice as a transmission element. The efficiency of spur gear is function of the friction factor, lubrication and dynamic factors like nature of contact and loading on teeth. Loads on gear teeth results in local elastic deformation at point of contact on profile, in addition to cantilever effect. Under tri-axial strains at teeth contour, strain energy is utilized, which is neither capable of performing useful work; nor capable of resuming it as useful energy to the drive. The present paper considers the effect of tri-axial strain on gear teeth. The deformation in profile is estimated. Strain energy required for elastic deformation under tooth load is predicted. Resulting effect on the transmission efficiency of spur gear is predicted.

Impact Bending Fatigue Strength of Gear Teeth Case-Hardened by Nitriding and Carburizing

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Maenosono ◽  
Akira Ishibashi ◽  
Keiji Sonoda
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Impact Fatigue ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
High Tension ◽  
High Fatigue ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Almost all gears used for power transmission of automobiles have been case-hardened by carburizing. Recently, strict demand for reducing running noise and vibration from the power transmission gears requires, in most cases, an additional finishing operation such as grinding and/or honing after carburizing. Nitriding is conducted at a temperature of about 820 K which is lower than the transformation temperature, and thus quenching is not required, resulting in smaller heat treatment deterioration. However, nitrided gears hardly used in practice as for power transmission gears. In the present investigation, experiments were conducted, using test gears case-hardened by two different methods, carburizing and plasma-nitriding. Test results showed that the fatigue strength of carburized gears was higher than that of nitrided gears in most cases when the test gears were made from the same steel. However, the impact fatigue strengths of nitrided gears made from a high tension steel with additional alloy elements Mo and V were higher than those of carburized gears made from the carbon and alloy steels which have been, used as for gear material. The other high tension steel containing neither Mo nor V could not bring about a sufficiently high fatigue strength in comparison with the conventional carburized gears. It should be noted that the impact fatigue strength of carburized gears made from the high tension steel was higher than the ones made of conventional carburizing steel.

Research on Influence of Intertooth Space Confriction to Transmission Efficiency under EHL

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 1158-1163
Author(s):  
Wen Hong Liang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Xiao Lin Liu ◽  
Ya Hui Cui
Keyword(s):  
Hydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Gear Mesh ◽  
Nonlinear Relation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Planet Gear

Engagement between gear teeth with confriction has been analyzed aim at low speed and heavy transmission mode of spur gear in aerogenerator gearbox. Nonlinear relation between parameters such as confriction, normal pressure, number of teeth, ratio of transmission, and thickness of fluid film has been deduced by using the theory of elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) and gear mesh. Numerical calculation of these equations has been made progress by using MATLAB software under the premise of no analytical solution. The efficiency of each point on line of action has been received. And then the influence of confriction in intertooth space to transmission efficiency under EHL has been analyzed. The results can be provided as argument and numerical value reference for optimization of the gearbox lectotype in areogenerator to make the efficiency maximized, and for further research on transmission efficiency of planet gear train.

Heat Generation, Power Transmission Efficiency, and Life of Plastic Worm and Helical Wheels Meshed With Steel Worm

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Koide ◽  
Mikio Takahashi ◽  
Hideo Takahashi ◽  
Kouitsu Miyachika
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Worm Gears ◽  
Shaft Angle ◽  
Lubrication Condition ◽  
Generation Power ◽  
Center Distance

This paper describes the heat generation, power transmission efficiency, and life of plastic helical and worm wheels meshed with a steel worm. A machine for testing plastic worm gears was developed, in which the center distance and shaft angle are variable, and by which the transmission efficiency can be measured. Experiments were performed using plastic helical and worm wheels and steel worms under no-lubrication condition. Polyacetal homopolymer and copolymer were used as wheel materials. The tooth temperatures of the plastic helical and worm wheels and the torques of the worm and wheel shafts were measured. The failure mode for plastic helical and worm wheels; the temperature of the wheel teeth; the transmission efficiencies between meshing gear teeth; and the lives of plastic wheels were determined. The effects of backlash and shaft angle on the life of plastic wheels were also determined.

scholarly journals The Fault Detection of Gears of Electromechanical Power Transmission System using Frequency Domain Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
A. Alwadie ◽  
◽  
Irfan Muhammad ◽  
Nordin Saad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Condition Monitoring Systems ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Electric motors are widely used in the industry and convert electrical power to mechanical power. Gears are connected with the motor shaft for frictionless power transmission. The power transmission efficiency is dropped when the gear teeth is damaged. It causes huge financial loss. There are various commercially available condition monitoring tools for the preventive maintenance and condition monitoring of the gearing systems. However, such tools and techniques are intrusive and costly. This paper presents a non-intrusive approach for timely detection of gear damages and can be integrated to existing condition monitoring systems to save time and cost. The proposed method is based on the analysis of power spectra of the frequency amplitude plots. The amplitude difference at gear harmonics gives indication of the presence of the fault. The proposed technique has been tested and validated at 1400 rpm and 1370 rpm of the motor which is operating at 75 % load and full load.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Spur Gear Using Composite Material

2021 ◽  
pp. 504-538
Author(s):  
Akshar Viruppan R R ◽  
Athiyaman S K ◽  
Deepak Kumar M ◽  
Gokul Ram D
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Gear Manufacturing

Spur gears are the simplest and widely used in power transmission. In recent years it is required to operate machines at varying load and speed. Gear teeth normally fail when load is increased above certain limit. Therefore, it is required to explore alternate materials for gear manufacturing. Composite materials provide adequate strength with weight reduction and they have emerged as a better alternative for replacing metallic gears. Composites provide much improved mechanical properties such as better strength to weight ratio, more hardness, and hence less chances of failure. So, this work is concerned with replacing metallic gear with composite material to improve performance of machine and to have longer working life. Efforts have also been carried out for modeling using 3D modelling software called SOLIDWORKS and finite element analysis of gears using ANSYS. Composite gears have been manufactured by stir casting, which is economical method. Composite gears offer improved properties over steel alloys and these can be used as better alternative for replacing metallic gears.

Improving the efficiency of oilfield electric power distribution

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Yu. F. Yu. F. Romaniuk ◽  
О. V. Solomchak ◽  
М. V. Hlozhyk
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Active Load ◽  
Step Down

The issues of increasing the efficiency of electricity transmission to consumers with different nature of their load are considered. The dependence of the efficiency of the electric network of the oil field, consisting of a power line and a step-down transformer, on the total load power at various ratios between the active and reactive components of the power is analyzed, and the conditions under which the maximum transmission efficiency can be ensured are determined. It is shown by examples that the power transmission efficiency depends not only on the active load, but also largely on its reactive load. In the presence of a constant reactive load and an increase in active load, the total power increases and the power transmission efficiency decreases. In the low-load mode, the schedule for changing the power transmission efficiency approaches a parabolic form, since the influence of the active load on the amount of active power loss decreases, and their value will mainly depend on reactive load, which remains unchanged. The efficiency reaches its maximum value provided that the active and reactive components of the power are equal. In the case of a different ratio between them, the efficiency decreases. With a simultaneous increase in active and reactive loads and a constant value of the power factor, the power transmission efficiency is significantly reduced due to an increase in losses. With a constant active load and an increase in reactive load, efficiency of power transmission decreases, since with an increase in reactive load, losses of active power increase, while the active power remains unchanged. The second condition, under which the line efficiency will be maximum, is full compensation of reactive power.  Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of power transmission, it is necessary to compensate for the reactive load, which can reduce the loss of electricity and the cost of its payment and improve the quality of electricity. Other methods are also proposed to increase the efficiency of power transmission by regulating the voltage level in the power center, reducing the equivalent resistance of the line wires, optimizing the loading of the transformers of the step-down substations and ensuring the economic modes of their operation.

Compensating Resonant Frequency via Adjusting Adjustable Coil Automatically

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-438
Author(s):  
Jin Xu ◽  
Yuting Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Wireless Power Transmission ◽  
Resonant Coupling ◽  
Transmission Distance

Background: Detuning is the main problem that affects the efficiency and transmission distance of the resonant coupling Wireless Power Transmission (WPT). The distance of load and the offset of the load position could cause serious detuning. Methods: This paper presents an adjustable coil in which inductance can be adjusted. Then a model of WPT was established that could compensate resonant frequency automatically using the adjustable coil. Next, the relationship between the primary resonant frequency and the transmission efficiency is analyzed from the circuit. The analysis proved that the design of the adjustable coil could improve the transmission efficiency of the WPT system. Finally, a prototype of WPT system was built. Results: The experimental results showed that WPT system with adjustable coil can improve the transmission efficiency which proves the theoretical research. At the same time, it has essential reference value for the future research of WPT. Conclusion: In this paper, aiming at the system detuning caused by some other factors, such as the position shift of the load during the wireless power transmission, an adjustable coil is proposed.

Crack Driving Force in Anisotropic Media due to Non-Elastic Deformation

2004 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
G.H. Nie ◽  
H. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Elastic Stress ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Crack Driving Force ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Degree Of Anisotropy ◽  
Minimum Strain Energy ◽  
Orthotropic Media

In this paper elastic stress field in an elliptic inhomogeneity embedded in orthotropic media due to non-elastic deformation is determined by the complex function method and the principle of minimum strain energy. Two complex parameters are expressed in a general form, which covers all characterizations of the degree of anisotropy for any ideal orthotropic elastic body. The stress acting on the long side of ellipse can be considered as a crack driving force and applied in failure and fatigue analysis of composites. For some special cases, the resulting solutions will reduce to the known results.

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