Hydrogen Production Potential and Cost of Wind-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy System

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammet Çelik ◽  
Gamze Genç ◽  
M. Serdar Genç ◽  
Hüseyin Yapıcı
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Mean Wind Speed

Main aim of this study is to investigate annual wind power output, annual hydrogen production quantity and hydrogen production cost of wind-hydrogen energy system in the Pinarbasi-Kayseri region in Turkey which has remarkable wind potential in the central region of Turkey. Turkish State Meteorological Service (TSMS) measured the value of mean wind speed of Pinarbasi as 3.67 m/s above 10m ground between 2000 and 2006 years. In this study, three different hub heights (50m, 80m and 100m) were considered, and so the measured mean wind speed at 10m was extrapolated to considered heights and annual wind power output was calculated. Four different turbine rated powers (800kW, 900kW, 2000kW and 3000 kW) and two different electrolyser powers (120kW and 40kW) for hydrogen production were assumed. Levelised cost of electricity method was used in order to determine the cost analysis of wind energy and hydrogen production. The results of this study bring out clearly the variation of potential of hydrogen production and cost with wind speed, wind turbine hub height and wind turbine rated power and electrolyser power.

scholarly journals Performance Enhancement of Proposed Namaacha Wind Farm by Minimising Losses Due to the Wake Effect: A Mozambican Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4291
Author(s):  
Paxis Marques João Roque ◽  
Shyama Pada Chowdhury ◽  
Zhongjie Huan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Wake Effect ◽  
Wind Generators ◽  
Wind Potential

District of Namaacha in Maputo Province of Mozambique presents a high wind potential, with an average wind speed of around 7.5 m/s and huge open fields that are favourable to the installation of wind farms. However, in order to make better use of the wind potential, it is necessary to evaluate the operating conditions of the turbines and guide the independent power producers (IPPs) on how to efficiently use wind power. The investigation of the wind farm operating conditions is justified by the fact that the implementation of wind power systems is quite expensive, and therefore, it is imperative to find alternatives to reduce power losses and improve energy production. Taking into account the power needs in Mozambique, this project applied hybrid optimisation of multiple energy resources (HOMER) to size the capacity of the wind farm and the number of turbines that guarantee an adequate supply of power. Moreover, considering the topographic conditions of the site and the operational parameters of the turbines, the system advisor model (SAM) was applied to evaluate the performance of the Vestas V82-1.65 horizontal axis turbines and the system’s power output as a result of the wake effect. For any wind farm, it is evident that wind turbines’ wake effects significantly reduce the performance of wind farms. The paper seeks to design and examine the proper layout for practical placements of wind generators. Firstly, a survey on the Namaacha’s electricity demand was carried out in order to obtain the district’s daily load profile required to size the wind farm’s capacity. Secondly, with the previous knowledge that the operation of wind farms is affected by wake losses, different wake effect models applied by SAM were examined and the Eddy–Viscosity model was selected to perform the analysis. Three distinct layouts result from SAM optimisation, and the best one is recommended for wind turbines installation for maximising wind to energy generation. Although it is understood that the wake effect occurs on any wind farm, it is observed that wake losses can be minimised through the proper design of the wind generators’ placement layout. Therefore, any wind farm project should, from its layout, examine the optimal wind farm arrangement, which will depend on the wind speed, wind direction, turbine hub height, and other topographical characteristics of the area. In that context, considering the topographic and climate features of Mozambique, the study brings novelty in the way wind farms should be placed in the district and wake losses minimised. The study is based on a real assumption that the project can be implemented in the district, and thus, considering the wind farm’s capacity, the district’s energy needs could be met. The optimal transversal and longitudinal distances between turbines recommended are 8Do and 10Do, respectively, arranged according to layout 1, with wake losses of about 1.7%, land utilisation of about 6.46 Km2, and power output estimated at 71.844 GWh per year.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Wind Potential for the Generation of Electricity in Aliero, Kebbi State

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
A. A. Yahaya ◽  
I. M. Bello ◽  
N. Mudassir ◽  
I. Mohammed ◽  
M. I. Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Power Density ◽  
North East ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Wind Potential

One of the major developments in the technology today is the wind turbine that generates electricity and feed it directly to the grid which is used in many part of the world. The main purpose of this work is to determine the wind potential for electricity generation in Aliero, Kebbi state. Five years Data (2014-2018) was collected from the metrological weather station (Campell Scientific Model), the equipment installed at Kebbi State University of Science And Technology Aliero The data was converted to monthly and annual averages, and compared with the threshold average wind speed values that can only generate electricity in both vertical and horizontal wind turbines. The highest average wind speed 2.81 m/s was obtained in the month of January and the minimum average wind speed of 1.20 m/s in the month of October. Mean annual wind speed measured in the study area shows that there has been an increase in the wind speed from 2014 which peaked in 2015 and followed by sudden decrease to a minimum seasonal value in the year 2016. The highest wind direction is obtained from the North North-East (NNE) direction. From the results of wind power density it shows that we have highest wind power density in month of January and December with  0.8635 w/ m2 and 0.8295 w/ m2 respectively, while lowest wind power density in the month of October and September with 0.6780 w/ m2 and 0.6575 w/ m2  respectively. Result of the type Wind Turbine to be selected in the study area shows that the site is not viable for power generation using a horizontal wind turbine but the vertical wind turbine will be suitable for the generation of electricity.

Assessment of Wind Energy Potential in Three Different Locations of Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 785 ◽  
pp. 621-626
Author(s):  
R. Shamsipour ◽  
M. Fadaeenejad ◽  
M.A.M. Radzi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Weibull Model ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy Potential

In this study, wind energy potential in three different stations in Malaysia in period of 5 years is analyzed. Base on Weibull distribution parameters, the mean wind speed, wind power density and wind energy density is estimated for each defined location. Although there are many works about wind potential in Malaysia, however a few of them have been provided a comprehensive study about wind power in different places in Malaysia. According to the findings, the annual mean wind speeds indicates that the highest wind speed variation is about 2 m/s and is belonged to the Subang station and the highest wind speed is 3.5 m/s in in Kudat. It is also found that the maximum wind power densities among these three sites are 22 W/m2, 24 W/m2 and 22 W/m2 in Kudat station in January, February and September respectively. The results of the study show that as the second parameter for Weibull model, the highest wind energy density has been 190 kWh/m2 per year in Kudat and the lowest one has been about 60 kWh/m2 in Kuching.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Power Output of a Bare Wind Turbine by the Use of a Plain Conical Diffuser

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peace-Maker Masukume ◽  
Golden Makaka ◽  
Patrick Mukumba
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Wind Energy System ◽  
Conical Diffuser ◽  
Electrical Power Output

A plain conical diffuser is optimized to augment the wind speed at the throat of the diffuser. The diffuser is used in the construction of a diffuser augmented wind turbine (DAWT) to augment the power output of a bare wind turbine (BWT). Experiments with empty conical diffusers were done to determine optimum geometrical parameters for the diffuser to achieve maximum wind speed augmentation. Using the obtained optimum geometrical parameters, an optimized plain conical DAWT was designed, constructed, and field tested. A twin decentralized wind energy system which comprised a BWT and the optimized plain conical DAWT was erected. The electrical power output from these systems was measured and compared. The optimized plain conical DAWT reduced the cut-in wind speed of a BWT from 2.5 m/s to 1.6 m/s. The power output was increased by a factor of 2.5. This power output is comparable to that of flanged diffusers. However, flanged-DAWTs are more inert due to the addition of the flange. Its response to wind speed and direction is slow as compared to plain conical DAWT. Thus, it cannot fully exploit the potential of the wind. Also, the addition of the flange increases its production cost. Therefore, plain conical DAWT can replace flanged-DAWT in wind power augmentation.

scholarly journals Multilevel Diffuser Augmented for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Fariz Qashidi Putra ◽  
Dani Rifai ◽  
Kutut Suryopratomo ◽  
Rachmawan Budiarto
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Speed Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity Profile ◽  
Dual Stage

Indonesia is an area with the low and fluctuating wind speed. Therefore, the implementation of the wind turbine to generate electricity become ineffective and economically unprofitable. Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbine (DAWT) is the augmentation technology in wind turbine which could increase wind speed flow that arrives on the turbine blade. The working principle of the diffuser is to create a difference in pressure inside and outside the diffuser. The pressure inside the diffuser is lower than the pressure outside so that the wind will be accelerated into the diffuser and wind speed will dramatically increase at the inlet of the diffuser. This study will be presenting a modified design of diffuser augmented wind turbine (DAWT) by designing multilevel diffuser with additional inlet curvature and flange. This research aims to evaluate the amplification of flow velocity profile around the diffuser that has been engineered. The numerical study is performed using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) to obtain the highest ratio of speed increment. The verification of numerical initial condition is validated by comparing the result of validation with experimental data available in the literature. The result shows that a ratio of increase in speed is 2.08 times higher than conventional wind turbine over 4 m/s inlet velocity. In the equation of a wind power output, the wind speed is proportional to the cubic power of its wind power output. Therefore, the utilization of dual-stage diffuser device in wind turbine would give significant increment on the power output of wind turbine.

scholarly journals Offshore Wind Potential of West Central Taiwan: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3702
Author(s):  
Wen-Ko Hsu ◽  
Chung-Kee Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Central Taiwan

In this study, we present the wind distributions from a long-term offshore met mast and a novel approach based on the measure–correlate–predict (MCP) method from short-term onshore-wind-turbine data. The annual energy production (AEP) and capacity factors (CFs) of one onshore and four offshore wind-turbine generators (WTG) available on the market are evaluated on the basis of wind-distribution analysis from both the real met mast and the MCP method. Here, we also consider the power loss from a 4-month light detection and ranging (LiDAR) power-curve test on an onshore turbine to enhance the accuracy of further AEP and CF evaluations. The achieved Weibull distributions could efficiently represent the probability distribution of wind-speed variation, mean wind speed (MWS), and both the scale and shape parameters of Weibull distribution in Taiwan sites. The power-loss effect is also considered when calculating the AEPs and CFs of different WTGs. Successful offshore wind development requires (1) quick, accurate, and economical harnessing of a wind resource and (2) selection of the most suitable and efficient turbine for a specific offshore site.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Wind Speed & Wind Direction in Tantan Province, Morocco

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3955-3959
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Wind Rose ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
The Mean

In this paper, a two-parameter Weibull statistical distribution is used to analyze the characteristics of the wind from the Saharan area, located in the Tantan province, Morocco, for 08 years at 10 m. During those 08 years (2009-2017) the frequency distribution of the wind speed, the wind direction, the mean wind speed, the shape and scale (k & c) Weibull parameters have been calculated for the province. The mean wind speed for the entire data set is 6.4 m/s. The parameters k & c are found as 1.9 and 2.52 m/s in relative order. The study also provides an analysis of the wind direction along with a wind rose chart for the province. The analysis suggests that the highest wind speeds that vary (vm = 5.1m/s; vmax = 18.5m/s) prevail between sectors 165-175 ° with an average frequency of 1.4% and lower wind speeds (vm = 2.5m/s; vmax = 9.7m/s) occur between sectors 245-255° with an average frequency of 0.6%. The results of this document help to understand the wind power potential of the province and serve as a source of wind power projects. From a perspective, the wind energy system is an alternative to the future of the Sahara province of Morocco.

Desirable vs. likely: modeling feasible wind power potentials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Schmidt ◽  
Michael Klingler ◽  
Olga Turkovska ◽  
Sebastian Wehrle
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
System Models ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Wind Potential

<p>Assessments of the potential for wind turbine deployment have become a very active research field in spatial and temporal modeling. Initially, such studies assessed geographical, technical and wind resource potentials, with the objective to identify where wind turbines could in principle be erected. Together with further assumptions, for example on grid connection cost, this served as a prime input for power system models, which used results from studies of feasible potentials as upper limits on deployable capacities.</p><p>However, increasing opposition against new wind power projects has demonstrated the limitations of such assessments. In response, the research community developed novel methods to include social constraints in assessments of wind energy potentials. In many instances, this amounted to predicting whether wind turbines could be installed at a specific location, ultimately indicating the eligibility of a location for wind power by a binary categorization.</p><p>Another strand of literature sought to determine (socially) desirable allocations of wind turbines rather than predicting possible ones. While these attempts also respect binary geographical and technical constraints on wind power deployment, the desirability of a certain allocation of wind turbines results from the trade-off between corresponding benefits and (negative) impacts, assessed either implicitly in a welfare-framework or explicitly within a multi-criteria analysis.</p><p>We argue that predictive approaches are not suitable as a basis for further normative analysis in energy system models. Predictive analysis does not consider effects that are external to the modelled agents’ decisions and is thus not compatible with weighing benefits and cost, arising for example from impacts on the environment, in a broader perspective.</p><p>To facilitate analysis, we see several avenues for improvement:</p><ul><li>Assessments should clearly state if they aim at predicting the spatial allocation of wind parks or if they model desirable allocations. If resulting wind potentials are used in energy system models, which are designed to model desirable future states of the energy system, we understand that predictive modeling on the side of spatial wind power allocations is incompatible with a general normative modeling approach.</li> <li>Binary land-eligibility studies may suffer from conceptual flaws if continuous measures are mapped to binary categorizations. We therefore propose to use binary indicators only in cases when wind turbine deployment is ruled out with high degrees of certainty (such as technical or legal restrictions). This helps to decrease the computational complexity. To integrate trade-offs of different spatial allocations of wind parks in normative energy system models, continuous indicators such as wind resources or impacts of wind parks need to be assessed separately.</li> <li>Standard criteria for wind potential assessments should be amended by (i) largely neglected issues of human land-use and land-tenure, which are particularly important in countries where land tenure rights are insecure and different land use interests compete and (ii) assessments of wind park impacts on the quality of neighboring ecosystems. Integrating these insights into prospective modeling studies is of high relevance as climate change mitigation and biodiversity preservation should go hand in hand when modeling the energy transition.</li> </ul>

Performance assessment of a balloon assisted micro airborne wind turbine system

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Prakash Noronha ◽  
Krishna Munishamaih
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Low Wind Speed

Abstract This study intends to examine the performance of a balloon-assisted micro airborne wind turbine in a low wind speed location. The influence of the balloon separation gap on the airborne wind energy system (AWES) performance is also explored. A micro-AWES with a diameter of 3 m and a power output of 1 kW was fabricated and tested at 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 m. Further, the optimum separation spacing of 13 m was maintained between the balloon and the ducted turbine to reduce balloon turbulence on the turbine. The airborne wind turbine achieved a maximum power output of 250 W at 250 m height while the average wind speed remained 6 m/s. The maximum power coefficient obtained was 0.25 while annual energy production (AEP) remained 1200 kWh. The low power coefficient is credited to the turbulence and drifting in the airborne system and the drag caused by the airborne structure. While a cost-effective commercial model of micro AWES is still being developed, the present work attempts to harvest wind energy at high elevations in low wind speed areas.

Feasibility of a Wind-Hydrogen Energy System Based on Wind Characteristics for Chabahar, Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Alavi ◽  
Ali Mostafaeipour ◽  
Ahmad Sedaghat ◽  
Mojtaba Qolipour
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Wind Characteristics ◽  
Annual Capacity

Abstract The knowledge of wind speed characteristics of a region is among the most important aspect of wind turbines utilization for electricity production and assessing the cost of power generation. The wind spectrum and the wind power density for the city of Chabahar located in the southeastern part of Iran were modeled using Weibull distribution and power law estimation. An empirical approach was used to determine the shape parameter, k, and the scale parameter, c, of Weibull distribution function at different heights from 2014 to 2016 during two years period. Wind characteristics in Chabahar were extensively analyzed along with assessing the effects of parameters such as air humidity and temperature, surface roughness, turbulence, and wind velocity durations. The amount of wind power that can be produced by installation of eight wind turbines with different powers ranging from 2.5 kW to 8 MW at Chabahar were investigated. Additionally, the annual capacity factor for each turbine was determined. A wind-hydrogen system was considered in the analysis for evaluating the hydrogen production ability from wind energy in the station at Chabahar. The highest amount of hydrogen production was related to Vestas V164 with the yearly value of 194.36 ton-H2.

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