The Influence of Transmission Ratios Selection on Electric Vehicle Motor Performance

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. X. Zhou ◽  
P. D. Walker ◽  
N. Zhang ◽  
B. Zhu ◽  
F. Ding
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
The Impact

Increasingly electric vehicle design is looking forward the application of multiple ratio transmissions in place of traditional single ratio gearboxes. The choice of gear ratio has significant influence on vehicle performance, including range, acceleration, and gradeability. To study the impact of different transmissions on EV’s dynamic and economic performance, mathematical models of an EV is presented which is applicable to both single and multiple ratio transmissions. These transmission variants are then studied under different operating conditions to investigate how operating conditions in the motor work efficiency change with different transmissions. Here comparisons are made between 2-speed and single speed transmission. Then the reasons for the results are analysed.

An Alternative Procedure for Selection of Induction Motor for Electric Vehicle Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 3351-3358
Author(s):  
Jyothi P. Phatak ◽  
L. Venkatesha ◽  
C. S. Raviprasad
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Alternative Procedure ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Significant Factors

The selection of motor is one of the significant factors in Electric Vehicle design. When the motor is selected based on the conventional method, its performance during starting of the EV is met but it may fail in other operating regions of the driving cycle. This is because, acceleration requirements assume zero initial speed conditions and the requirements with different initial speeds is not accounted in the conventional method. This paper discusses an alternative procedure to compute the ratings of induction motor. The preliminary method to compute the ratings is carried out based on vehicle performance requirements. The improvisation techniques in the computation are then adopted to get required acceleration and transient torque capabilities of motor to meet the driving cycle requirements. The procedure is illustrated through simulation studies using MAT lab software.

scholarly journals Research into the Impacts of Driving Cycles and Load Weight on the Operation of a Light Commercial Electric Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13872
Author(s):  
Tomáš Settey ◽  
Jozef Gnap ◽  
František Synák ◽  
Tomáš Skrúcaný ◽  
Marek Dočkalik
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Sustainable Logistics ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Load Weight

The European Parliament has adopted Directive 2019/1161 on the promotion of environmentally friendly and energy-efficient road transport vehicles, which also defines the obligations and forms of support for the procurement of environmentally friendly vehicles in urban logistics. The increase in the number of shipments delivered within e-commerce, which is also the result of the COVID-19 pandemic, requires a transition to a sustainable logistics system. New research questions are being raised in the preparation of new projects for the introduction of small electric commercial vehicles in particular. One of the main research questions about deployment itself is whether light commercial electric vehicles are able to fully replace conventionally powered vehicles. What operating conditions are optimal for the operation of them? How does load weight affect the energy efficiency of operating a light commercial electric vehicle? The authors decided to carry out research into the impacts of weight and the nature of a driving cycle under laboratory conditions to eliminate all external factors that could distort individual measurements and their results. In order to simulate driving cycles, an urban driving cycle was designed on the basis of the course of speed, acceleration, deceleration and slope conditions of roads in the selected regional city of Žilina (Slovakia). In the case of the operation of an electrically powered light commercial vehicle, the impact of load weight on the range of the vehicle is low, and is below the level of the theoretical maximum range of the vehicle in urban logistics applications. The operation of electrically powered vehicles in hilly terrains with relatively longer gradients and steeper slopes increases electricity consumption and, thereby, reduces their range.

Simulation and verification analysis of the ride comfort of an in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicle based on a combination of ADAMS and MATLAB

2021 ◽  
pp. 2250002
Author(s):  
Peicheng Shi ◽  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Kefei Wang ◽  
Rongyun Zhang ◽  
Ping Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electromagnetic Force ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Verification Method ◽  
Physical Prototype ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model ◽  
The Impact

To study the ride comfort of wheel-hub-driven electric vehicles, a simulation and verification method based on a combination of ADAMS and MATLAB modeling is proposed. First, a multibody dynamic simulation model of an in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicle is established using ADAMS/Car. Then, the pavement excitation and electromagnetic force analytical equations are provided based on the specific operating conditions of the vehicle and the in-wheel motor to analyze the impact of the electromagnetic force fluctuation from an unsprung mass increase and motor air gap unevenness on vehicle ride comfort after the introduction of an in-wheel motor. Next, the vibration model and the motion differential equation of the body–wheel dual-mass system of an in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicle are established. The influence of the in-wheel motor on the vibration response index of the dual-mass system is analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The variation in the vehicle vibration performance index with/without the motor electromagnetic force excitation factor is analyzed and compared with the ADAMS multibody dynamics analysis results. The results show that the method based on a combination of ADAMS and MATLAB modeling can forecast the ride comfort of an in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicle, reducing the cost of physical prototype experiments.

scholarly journals Research on Control Strategy of Hydraulic Regenerative Braking of Electrohydraulic Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghai Zhao ◽  
Hongxin Zhang ◽  
Yafei Xin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Electric Drive System ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
The Impact

The vehicle will generate an amount of current while the electric vehicle just starting to regeneratively brake. In order to avoid the impact of high current on the traction battery, a novel electrohydraulic hybrid electric vehicle has been proposed. The main power source is supplied by the electric drive system, and the hydraulic system performs the auxiliary drive system that fully exerts the advantages of the electric drive system and the hydraulic drive system. A proper regenerative braking control strategy is presented, and the control parameters are determined by the fuzzy optimization algorithm. The simulation analysis built the model through the united simulation of AMESim and MATLAB/Simulink. The results illustrated that the optimized control strategy can reduce battery consumption by 1.22% under NEDC-operating conditions.

Transmission Ratio Optimization of Electric Vehicle Powertrain

2013 ◽  
Vol 397-400 ◽  
pp. 987-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ming Wang ◽  
Chang Qing Du ◽  
Xia Nan Li ◽  
Fu Wu Yan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Reduction Gear ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Driving Range ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ratio Optimization

Improving the driving range and driving performance are critical for pure electric vehicles (EV). Transmission ratios directly affects drivability and economy of EV. This paper analyzed the impact of various transmission ratios on the performance of EV, verified the vehicle performance with different transmission ratios by simulation with models built with GT-drive software, and based on EV performance requests, optimized the EV transmission ratios, presents single reduction gear and multi-speed transmission ratio scheme respectively, compared the EV performance with these two transmission schemes respectively, simulation results show that multi-speed transmission system can improve the performance of electric vehicle on dynamic and economy.

The Impact of Property Characteristics on Economic Performance of Russian Industrial Enterprises

2005 ◽  
pp. 53-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kapeliushnikov ◽  
N. Demina
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Concentrated Ownership ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Control Premium ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The paper provides new survey evidence on effects of concentrated ownership upon investment and performance in Russian industrial enterprises. Authors trace major changes in their ownership profile, assess pace of post-privatization redistribution of shareholdings and provide evidence on ownership concentration in the Russian industry. The major econometric findings are that the first largest shareholding is negatively associated with the firm’s investment and performance but surprisingly the second largest shareholding is positively associated with them. Moreover, these relationships do not depend on identity of majority shareholders. These results are consistent with the assumption that the entrenched controlling owners are engaged in extracting "control premium" but sizable shareholdings accumulated by other blockholders may put brakes on their expropriating behavior and thus be conductive for efficiency enhancing. The most interesting topic for further more detailed analysis is formation, stability and roles of coalitions of large blockholders in the corporate sector of post-socialist countries.

Truck Tire Operating Temperatures on Flat and Curved Test Surfaces

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. LaClair ◽  
C. Zarak
Keyword(s):  
Flat Surface ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Pressure ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Endurance Testing ◽  
Operating Temperatures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tread Rubber ◽  
Cylindrical Test

Abstract Operating temperature is critical to the endurance life of a tire. Fundamental differences between operations of a tire on a flat surface, as experienced in normal highway use, and on a cylindrical test drum may result in a substantially higher tire temperature in the latter case. Nonetheless, cylindrical road wheels are widely used in the industry for tire endurance testing. This paper discusses the important effects of surface curvature on truck tire endurance testing and highlights the impact that curvature has on tire operating temperature. Temperature measurements made during testing on flat and curved surfaces under a range of load, pressure and speed conditions are presented. New tires and re-treaded tires of the same casing construction were evaluated to determine the effect that the tread rubber and pattern have on operating temperatures on the flat and curved test surfaces. The results of this study are used to suggest conditions on a road wheel that provide highway-equivalent operating conditions for truck tire endurance testing.

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