Friction Stir Welding of Sc-Modified Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy Extrusions

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carter Hamilton ◽  
Andrew Sommers ◽  
Oleg Senkov
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Solidus Temperature ◽  
Welding Temperature ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
Residual Properties

Small additions of scandium to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu 7000 series alloys can significantly improve mechanical properties and augment the strength retention at low and elevated temperatures. This research program evaluates the residual properties of Sc-modified Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy extrusions joined through friction stir welding (FSW). Mechanical and corrosion testing were performed on the baseline material and on panels friction stir welded at 175, 225, 250, 300, 350 and 400 RPM (all other weld parameters held constant). A thermal model of friction stir welding is developed that utilizes an energy-based scaling factor to account for tool slip. The proposed slip factor is derived from an observed, empirical relationship between the ratio of the maximum welding temperature to the solidus temperature and energy per unit length of weld. The thermal model successfully predicts the maximum welding temperatures over a range of energy levels, and the mechanical and corrosion behavior is correlated to the temperature distribution predicted by the model.

scholarly journals Microstructural Evolutions of 2N Grade Pure Al and 4N Grade High-Purity Al during Friction Stir Welding

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3606
Author(s):  
Tomoya Nagira ◽  
Xiaochao Liu ◽  
Kohasaku Ushioda ◽  
Hidetoshi Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Cube Texture ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Welding Temperature ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Continuous Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Dislocation Annihilation

The grain refinement mechanisms along the material flow path in pure and high-purity Al were examined, using the marker insert and tool stop action methods, during the rapid cooling friction stir welding using liquid CO2. In pure Al subjected to a low welding temperature of 0.56Tm (Tm: melting point), the resultant microstructure consisted of a mixture of equiaxed and elongated grains, including the subgrains. Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX), continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), and geometric dynamic recrystallization are the potential mechanisms of grain refinement. Increasing the welding temperature and Al purity encouraged dynamic recovery, including dislocation annihilation and rearrangement into subgrains, leading to the acceleration of CDRX and inhibition of DDRX. Both C- and B/-type shear textures were developed in microstructures consisting of equiaxed and elongated grains. In addition, DDRX via high-angle boundary bulging resulted in the development of the 45° rotated cube texture. The B/ shear texture was strengthened for the fine microstructure, where equiaxed recrystallized grains were fully developed through CDRX. In these cases, the texture is closely related to grain structure development.

scholarly journals Effect of Trailing Intensive Cooling on Residual Stress and Welding Distortion of Friction Stir Welded 2060 Al-Li Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shude Ji ◽  
Zhanpeng Yang ◽  
Quan Wen ◽  
Yumei Yue ◽  
Liguo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Plastic Strain ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Welding Distortion ◽  
Welding Temperature ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Numerical Simulation Methods ◽  
Conventional Cooling

AbstractTrailing intensive cooling with liquid nitrogen has successfully applied to friction stir welding of 2 mm thick 2060 Al-Li alloy. Welding temperature, plastic strain, residual stress and distortion of 2060 Al-Li alloy butt-joint are compared and discussed between conventional cooling and trailing intensive cooling using experimental and numerical simulation methods. The results reveal that trailing intensive cooling is beneficial to shrink high temperature area, reduce peak temperature and decrease plastic strain during friction stir welding process. In addition, the reduction degree of plastic strain outside weld is smaller than that inside weld. Welding distortion presents an anti-saddle shape. Compared with conventional cooling, the reductions of welding distortion and longitudinal residual stresses of welding joint under intense cooling reach 47.7 % and 23.8 %, respectively.

Stir zone material flow patterns during friction stir welding of heavy gauge AA5056 workpieces and stability of its mechanical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-154
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kalashnikova ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Beloborodov ◽  
Kseniya Osipovich ◽  
Andrey Vorontsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction. Friction stir welding and processing are almost identical processes of severe plastic deformation at elevated temperatures. These technologies differ mainly in the purpose of its use: the formation of a hardened surface layer or producing a welded joint. However, it is known that both during welding and during processing of heavy gauge workpieces temperature gradients occur. As a result, the conditions of adhesive interaction, material plastic flow, and the formation of the stir zone change as compared to thin-sheet workpieces with fundamentally different heat dissipation rates. In this connection, the purpose of the work is to determine the regularities of the structure formation and stability of the mechanical properties in different directions in the material of 35-mm-thick aluminum-magnesium alloy samples produced by friction stir welding/processing. Research Methodology. The technique and modes of friction stir welding and processing of AA5056 alloy workpieces with a thickness of 35 mm are described. Data on the equipment used for mechanical tests and structural research are given. Results and discussion. The data obtained show the excess mechanical properties of the processing zone material over the base metal ones in all studied directions. Material structure heterogeneities after friction stir welding/processing of heavy gauge workpieces have no determining effect on the stir zone properties. At the same time, there is no clear correlation between the tensile strength values and the load application direction, nor is there any significant difference in mechanical properties depending on the location of the samples inside the stir zone. The average ultimate tensile strength values in the vertical, transverse, and longitudinal directions are 302, 295 and 303 MPa, respectively, with the yield strength values of 155, 153 and 152 MPa, and the relative elongation of 27.2, 27.5, 28.7 %.

scholarly journals Investigation on friction stir welding of hybrid composites fabricated on Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy through friction stir processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3733-3740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrata Gangil ◽  
Sachin Maheshwari ◽  
Arshad Noor Siddiquee ◽  
Mustufa Haider Abidi ◽  
Mohammed A. El-Meligy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Cu Alloy

scholarly journals Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Water Cooling Bobbin-Tool Friction Stir Welded 6063-T6 Aluminum Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 03002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunqiang Zhao ◽  
Chungui Wang ◽  
Chunlin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Welding Temperature ◽  
Weld Formation ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Mist Cooling

In this study, a novel welding method called water cooling bobbin-tool friction stir welding (WBT-FSW) was developed. 4 mm-thick 6063-T6 aluminum alloy sheets were successfully jointed by WBT-FSW. Comparative studies on macro/microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the WBT-FSW and conventional bobbin-tool friction stir welding (BT-FSW) joints were carried out. The results indicated that the water mist cooling can significantly decrease the welding temperature and improve both the weld formation and the mechanical properties of the joint. The tensile strength of the WBT-FSW joint was 11.4% higher than that of BT-FSW joint.

Vacancy-induced θ′ precipitation during ultrasonic-affected friction stir welding of Al–Cu alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (29) ◽  
pp. 14626-14641
Author(s):  
Yanying Hu ◽  
Huijie Liu ◽  
Hidetoshi Fujii ◽  
Kohsaku Ushioda ◽  
Hideki Araki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Cu Alloy

The strengthening mechanism of spray forming Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy by underwater friction stir welding

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhao Wang ◽  
Zhixia Zhao ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Keng Yan ◽  
Chuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Strengthening Mechanism ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
Underwater Friction Stir Welding
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