Microfluidics Supporting an Optical Instrument for Multimodal Single Cell Biomechanics

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Ne`ve ◽  
James K. Lingwood ◽  
Shelley R. Winn ◽  
Derek C. Tretheway ◽  
Sean S. Kohles
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Optical Instrument ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Stresses

Interfacing a novel micron-resolution particle image velocimetry and dual optical tweezers system (μPIVOT) with microfluidics facilitates the exposure of an individual biologic cell to a wide range of static and dynamic mechanical stress conditions. Single cells can be manipulated in a sequence of mechanical stresses (hydrostatic pressure variations, tension or compression, as well as shear and extensional fluid induced stresses) while measuring cellular deformation. The unique multimodal load states enable a new realm of single cell biomechanical studies.

Experimental Analysis of the Near Wake from a Ducted Thruster at True and Near Bollard Pull Conditions Using Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV)

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. El Lababidy ◽  
N. Bose ◽  
P. Liu ◽  
D. Walker ◽  
F. Di Felice
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Wake Flow ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Near Wake ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Marine Applications

Thrusters working at low advance coefficients are employed in a wide range of offshore and marine applications on Floating, Production, Storage, and Offloading (FPSO) systems; shuttle tankers; tug boats; and mobile offshore units. Therefore, an understanding of the flow around the thrusters is of great practical interest. Despite this interest, there is lack of knowledge in the description of the hydrodynamic characteristics of a ducted thruster’s wake at bollard pull and low advance coefficient values. This work was aimed at providing detailed data about the hydrodynamic characteristics of a Dynamic Positioning (DP) thruster near wake flow at different low advance coefficient values. Wake measurements were made during cavitation tunnel tests carried out on a ducted propeller model at the Italian Ship Model Basin (INSEAN), Rome, Italy. Through these experiments, the DP thruster near wake velocity components at different downstream axial planes, up to 1.5 diameters downstream, were obtained using a Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) system. These experiments were carried out at different advance coefficient (J) values [bollard pull (J=0), J=0.4 and J=0.45].

scholarly journals Quantitative flow analysis around aquatic animals using laser sheet particle image velocimetry

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Stamhuis ◽  
J Videler
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Flow Fields ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Wide Range

Two alternative particle image velocimetry (PIV) methods have been developed, applying laser light sheet illumination of particle-seeded flows around marine organisms. Successive video images, recorded perpendicular to a light sheet parallel to the main stream, were digitized and processed to map the flow velocity in two-dimensional planes. In particle tracking velocimetry (PTV), displacements of single particles in two subsequent images were determined semi-automatically, resulting in flow diagrams consisting of non-uniformly distributed velocity vectors. Application of grid-cell averaging resulted in flow field diagrams with uniform vector distribution. In sub-image correlation PIV (SCPIV), repetitive convolution filtering of small sub-areas of two subsequent images resulted in automatic determination of cross-correlation peaks, yielding flow field diagrams with regularly spaced velocity vectors. In both PTV and SCPIV, missing values, caused by incomplete particle displacement information in some areas of the images or due to rejection of some erroneous vectors by the vector validation procedure, were interpolated using a two-dimensional spline interpolation technique. The resultant vector flow fields were used to study the spatial distribution of velocity, spatial acceleration, vorticity, strain and shear. These flow fields could also be used to test for flow in the third dimension by studying the divergence, and to detect the presence and location of vortices. The results offer detailed quantitative descriptions of the flow morphology and can be used to assess dissipated energy. The versatile character of the technique makes it applicable to a wide range of fluid mechanical subjects within biological research. So far it has been successfully applied to map the flow around swimming copepods, fish larvae and juvenile fish and the ventilation current of a tube-living shrimp.

An Integrated Micron-Resolution Particle Image Velocimeter/Optical Tweezers (μPIVOT) for Microenvironment Investigations

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Lingwood ◽  
Nathalie Ne`ve ◽  
Sean S. Kohles ◽  
Derek C. Tretheway
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Optical Technique ◽  
Mechanical Environment ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Particle Image Velocimeter ◽  
The Individual

A novel instrument has been developed (μPIVOT) to manipulate and characterize the mechanical environment in and around microscale objects by integrating two laser-based techniques: micron-resolution particle image velocimetry (μPIV) and optical tweezers (OT). While the μPIVOT enables a new realm of microscale studies, it still maintains the individual capabilities of each optical technique. Ongoing investigations will provide a unique perspective towards understanding microscale phenomena including cell biomechanics, non-Newtonian fluid flow, and single particle or particle-particle hydrodynamics.

Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements of Tornado-Like Flow Field in Model WindEEE Dome

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Refan ◽  
Horia Hangan ◽  
Kamran Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Radial Profiles ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Wide Range

The flow field of tornado vortices simulated in the 1/11 scaled model of the Wind Engineering, Energy and Environment (WindEEE) Dome is characterized. Particle Image Velocimetry measurements were performed to investigate the flow dynamics for a wide range of Swirl ratios (0.12≤S≤1.29) and at various heights above the surface. It is shown that this simulator is capable of generating a wide variety of tornado like vortices ranging from a single-celled laminar vortex to a multi-celled turbulent vortex. Radial profiles of the tangential velocity demonstrated a clear variation in the experimental values with height at and after the touch-down of the breakdown bubble. Also, the comparison between experimental tangential velocities and the Rankine model estimations resulted in good agreement at only the upper levels (Z>0.35). Radial velocity values close to the surface rose as the swirl increased which is mainly due to the intensified tangential velocities in that region. In addition, variation of the radial velocity with height is more noticeable for higher swirls which can be explained by the flow regime being fully turbulent for S≥ 0.57.

scholarly journals Line-Scanning Particle Image Velocimetry: An Optical Approach for Quantifying a Wide Range of Blood Flow Speeds in Live Animals

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e38590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyson N. Kim ◽  
Patrick W. Goodwill ◽  
Yeni Chen ◽  
Steven M. Conolly ◽  
Chris B. Schaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flow Speeds ◽  
Line Scanning
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