Contamination Prevention of the Sulfur Dioxide Using Structured Packing

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa H. Cha´vez ◽  
Javier de J. Guadarrama
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Absorption Column ◽  
Atmospheric Contamination ◽  
Structured Packing ◽  
National Production

The atmospheric contamination is a significant problem for the population of the big cities. This problem has its origin in the burning of heavy oil, that is carried out to liberate its energy content. Its use as a primary source of energy has high pollution effects in its process due to the formation and expulsion of gases and particles as a consequence of its combustion that contaminate the atmosphere. Although it has had enough relative elements of legal type relative to the contamination, specially atmospheric contamination, there is a lack of solutions adapted to the characteristics of the problem for each country. The present work quantifies the improvements in mass transfer, using absorption column with structured packing of high efficiency for the recovery of the SO2, through the process of removal of SO2 in the form of CaSO3. For such study, the hydrodynamic and mass transfer models are used to design the column, as well as to prove different packings (national production, denominated ININ in Mexico, SulzerBX, Mellapak and Raschig) to evaluate the separation efficiency. It is discussed that the ININ packing was one of the best of those tested because it has the highest separation efficiency.

Influence of the Cross Sectional Area of a Separation Column Using Structured Packing

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa H. Cha´vez ◽  
Javier de J. Guadarrama ◽  
Osbaldo Pe´rez ◽  
Abel Herna´ndez-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Structured Packing ◽  
Separation Column ◽  
Transfer Unit ◽  
The Cross

In order to determine the dimension of a separation column, hydrodynamic and mass transfer models are necessary to evaluate the pressure drop and the height of the global mass transfer unit, respectively. Those parameters are a function of the cross sectional area of the column. The present work evaluates the dependency of the pressure drop and height of the global transfer unit with respect to the cross sectional area of the column, using an absorption column with high efficiency structured packing, in order to recover SO2 in the form of NaHSO3, as an example. An optimization was done applying Two Film model which is based on the number of global mass transfer units of both gas and liquid, involving the separation efficiency in terms of the height of a global transfer unit. Structured packing, geometrically heaped in a separation column, has been achieving wider acceptance in the separation processes due to their geometric characteristics that allow them to have greater efficiency in the separation processes. Three different structured packing were evaluated in this work. The results show how ININ packing is one of the packings does the best work having the highest separation efficiency because it has the lowest height of the global mass transfer unit and Mellapak packing has the largest capacity because it manages the largest liquid and gas flows. An analysis is done with respect to the pressure drop through the system for all packings considered, and a discussion is presented for each hydrodynamic and mass transfer parameter studied.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Sulfur Dioxide Absorption in Water Using Structured Packing

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa-Hilda Chavez ◽  
Nicolas Flores-Alamo ◽  
Javier de J. Guadarrama
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Absorption Column ◽  
Structured Packing ◽  
Transfer Unit

An experimental study of hydrodynamic and mass transfer processes was carried out in an absorption column of 0.252 m diameter and 3.5 m of packed bed height developed by Mexican National Institute of Nuclear Research (ININby its acronym in Spanish) of stainless steel gauze corrugated sheet packing by means of SO2-air-water systems. The experiments results include pressure drop, flows capacity, liquid hold-up, SO2composition, and global mass transfer coefficient and mass transfer unit height by mass transfer generalized performance model in order to know the relationship between two-phase countercurrent flow and the geometry of packed bed. Experimental results at loading regimen are reported as well as model predictions. The average deviation between the measured values and the predicted values is±5% of 48-data-point absorption test. The development of structured packing has allowed greater efficiency of absorption and lower pressure drop to reduce energy consumption. In practice, the designs of equipment containing structured packings are based on approximations of manufacturer recommendations.

Mass Transfer Performance of a Novel Structured Packing for Liquid-Liquid Extraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1469-1473
Author(s):  
Yin Long Bao ◽  
Chun Jiang Liu ◽  
Xi Gang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Phase System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Structured Packing ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Transfer Unit

The flow pattern of the dispersed phase through three types of packings, 700Y rhombus mesh frame packing (RMFP), 350Y polypropylene corrugated sheet packing (PPCSP) andФ16mm plum flower mini ring (PFMR), was observed. According to the characteristics of solvent extraction, a novel hybrid structured packing, consisting of 700Y RMFP and 350Y PPCSP, was developed for liquid-liquid extraction. The mass transfer efficiencies of the novel hybrid structured packing andФ16mm PFMR were investigated in a 150mm diameter column, working with the 30% tributyl phosphate-kerosene (dispersed phase) / acetic / water (continuous phase) system. It is found that the apparent height of mass transfer unit of the hybrid structured packing is 21% smaller than that ofФ16mm PMFR in average under the same experimental condition. It can be concluded that the hybrid structured packing is a high-efficiency packing for liquid-liquid extraction.

Recent Advances in Heterostructured Photocatalysts for Degradation of Organic Pollutants.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Jing Sun ◽  
Li-Ping Zhao ◽  
Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
High Efficient

: With the development of industrialization, the global environmental pollution and energy crisis are becoming increasingly serious. Organic pollutants pose a serious health threat to human beings and other organisms. The removal of organic pollutants in environment has become a global challenge. The photocatalytic technology has been widely used in the degradation of organic pollutants with its characteristics of simple process, high efficiency, thorough degradation and no secondary pollution. However, the single photocatalyst represented by TiO2 has disadvantages of low light utilization rate and high recombination rate of photocarriers. Building heterojunction is considered one of the most effective methods to enhance the photocatalytic performance of single photocatalyst, which can improve the separation efficiency of photocarriers and utilization of visible light. The classical heterojunction can be divided into four different cases: type I, typeⅡ, p–n heterojunctions and Z-scheme junction. In this paper, the recent progress in the treatment of organic pollution by heterostructure photocatalysts is summarized and the mechanism of heterostructure photocatalysts for the treatment of organic pollutants is reviewed. It is expected that this paper can deepen the understanding of heterostructure photocatalysts and provide guidance for high efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in the future.

"Recent Patents on the Triboelectrostatic Separation of Fly Ash"

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haisheng Li ◽  
Wenping Wang ◽  
Yinghua Chen ◽  
Xinxi Zhang ◽  
Chaoyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Unburned Carbon ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Triboelectrostatic Separation

Background: The fly ash produced by coal-fired power plants is an industrial waste. The environmental pollution problems caused by fly ash have been widely of public environmental concern. As a waste of recoverable resources, it can be used in the field of building materials, agricultural fertilizers, environmental materials, new materials, etc. Unburned carbon content in fly ash has an influence on the performance of resource reuse products. Therefore, it is the key to remove unburned carbon from fly ash. As a physical method, triboelectrostatic separation technology has been widely used because of obvious advantages, such as high-efficiency, simple process, high reliability, without water resources consumption and secondary pollution. Objective: The related patents of fly ash triboelectrostatic separation had been reviewed. The structural characteristics and working principle of these patents are analyzed in detail. The results can provide some meaningful references for the improvement of separation efficiency and optimal design. Methods: Based on the comparative analysis for the latest patents related to fly ash triboelectrostatic separation, the future development is presented. Results: The patents focused on the charging efficiency and separation efficiency. Studies show that remarkable improvements have been achieved for the fly ash triboelectrostatic separation. Some patents have been used in industrial production. Conclusion: According to the current technology status, the researches related to process optimization and anti-interference ability will be beneficial to overcome the influence of operating conditions and complex environment, and meet system security requirements. The intelligent control can not only ensure the process continuity and stability, but also realize the efficient operation and management automatically. Meanwhile, the researchers should pay more attention to the resource utilization of fly ash processed by triboelectrostatic separation.

Mass Transfer Enhancement for CO2 Absorption in Structured Packed Absorption Column

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 820-820
Author(s):  
Pongayi Ponnusamy Selvi and Rajoo Baskar Pongayi Ponnusamy Selvi and Rajoo Baskar
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Absorption Column

The acidic gas, Carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption in aqueous ammonia solvent was carried as an example for industrial gaseous treatment. The packed column was provided with a novel structured BX-DX packing material. The overall mass transfer coefficient was calculated from the absorption efficiency of the various runs. Due to the high solubility of CO2, mass transfer was shown to be mainly controlled by gas side transfer rates. The effects of different operating parameters on KGav including CO2 partial pressure, total gas flow rates, volume flow rate of aqueous ammonia solution, aqueous ammonia concentration, and reaction temperature were investigated. For a particular system and operating conditions structured packing provides higher mass transfer coefficient than that of commercial random packing.

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