Reduction of Flow Rate Into a Saccular Aneurysm After Stenting

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Der Jou
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Saccular Aneurysm ◽  
Frame Structures ◽  
Stent Grafts ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Wire Frame ◽  
Aneurysm Thrombosis ◽  
Open Stent

Stents, wire-frame structures, are very effective devices in the treatment of vascular diseases, such as stenoses and aneurysms. One-third of patients who have stent placements develop restenosis over a six-month period, with the cause thought to be hemodynamic-related. The use of stent grafts to treat aneurysms often leads to exclusion of smaller vessels adjacent to the aneurysm from the circulation, and success of this procedure may therefore depend on the size of small vessels being occluded. An open stent is preferred to preserve the blood supply to neighboring vessels, but is considered to be less effective in aneurysm thrombosis and in reducing the pressure inside the aneurysm.

Systemic arterial blood supply to the trachea and lung in sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 2283-2287 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Charan ◽  
G. M. Turk ◽  
J. Czartolomny ◽  
T. Andreazuk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Visceral Pleura ◽  
Tracheal Bronchus ◽  
Arterial Blood Supply ◽  
Thoracic Inlet ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Truncus Brachiocephalicus ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk

We studied the systemic arterial blood supply to the trachea and lung in adult sheep. After anesthesia, sheep were exsanguinated and then studied by intra-arterial injection of one of the following materials: saline containing dyes of various colors (n = 24), Microfil (n = 8), or Batson's solution (n = 6). The systemic blood supply to the cervical trachea originated from the two common carotid arteries via three to four small branches (rami tracheales cervicales) on each side. A segment of the thoracic trachea between the thoracic inlet and the origin of the tracheal bronchus (bronchus trachealis) and the bronchial tree of the right cranial lobe (lobus cranialis dexter) were supplied by the tracheal bronchial branch (ramus bronchalis trachealis), which originated from the brachiocephalic trunk (truncus brachiocephalicus). A portion of thoracic trachea between the origin of the tracheal bronchus and the tracheal carina was supplied by the thoracic tracheal branch (ramus trachealis thoracica), arising from the bronchoesophageal artery (arteria bronchoesophagea) or directly from the thoracic aorta. The bronchial branch (ramus bronchalis) originated from the bronchoesophageal artery, and its branches supplied the remainder of the bronchial tree. At 120 cmH2O pressure (n = 8), the bronchial branch contributed approximately 50% and the other two approximately 25% each of the total tracheobronchial blood flow. These three branches also supplied the visceral pleura. Additionally, several small vessels (rami pleurales pulmonales) originated from the esophageal branch (ramus esophagea) of the bronchoesophageal artery, traversed the pulmonary ligaments, and supplied the visceral pleura.

The Blood Supply of the Tendon with a Paratenon

HAND ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol os-15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Naito ◽  
K. Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Blood Flow Rate ◽  
Soft Tissue Dissection ◽  
Tissue Dissection ◽  
Before And After

The blood supply to the central third of the Achilles tendon was studied in adult rabbits using the hydrogen washout technique before and after soft tissue dissection including paratenon. The soft tissue dissection caused a decrease of the blood flow rate in the Achilles tendon by approximately 35 per cent. These results may indicate that the central third of the tendon with a paratenon receives its blood supply from the extrinsic vascular system by approximately 35 per cent and from the intrinsic vascular system by approximately 65 per cent.

scholarly journals Induction of Prostacyclin/PGI2 Synthase Expression After Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Ching Fang ◽  
Jui-Sheng Wu ◽  
Jean-Ju Chen ◽  
Wai-Mui Cheung ◽  
Ping-Hui Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Adenoviral Gene Transfer ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Potent Vasodilator ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Prostacyclin Synthase ◽  
The Brain

Prostacyclin (PGI2), a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation and leukocyte activation, is crucial in vascular diseases such as stroke. Prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) is the key enzyme for PGI2 synthesis. Although expression of PGIS was noted in the brain, its role in ischemic insult remains unclear. Here we reported the temporal and spatial expression of PGIS mRNA and protein after 60-min transient ischemia. Northern blot and in situ hybridization revealed a delayed increase of PGIS mRNA in the ischemic cortex at 24- to 72-h after ischemia; PGIS was detected mainly in the ipsilateral penumbra area, pyriform cortex, hippocampus, and leptomeninges. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that PGIS proteins were expressed temporally and spatially similar to PGIS mRNA. PGIS was heavily colocalized with PECAM-1 to endothelial cells at the leptomeninges, large and small vessels, and localized to neuronal cells, largely at the penumbra area. A substantial amount of PGIS was also detected in the macrophage and glial cells. To evaluate its role against ischemic infarct, we overexpressed PGIS by adenoviral gene transfer. When infused 72 h before ischemia (–72 h), Adv-PGIS reduced infarct volume by ~50%. However, it had no effect on infarct volume when infused immediately after ischemia (0 h). Eicosanoid analysis revealed selective elevation of PGI2 at −72 h while PGI2 and TXB2 were both elevated at 0 h, altering the PGI2/thromboxane A2 (TXA2) ratio from 10 to 4. These findings indicate that PGIS protects the brain by enhancing PGI2 synthesis and creating a favorable PGI2/TXA2 ratio.

The Blood Supply to the Great Toe Sesamoids

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia D. C. Chamberland ◽  
Judith W. Smith ◽  
Lamar L. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Posterior Tibial Artery ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Soft Tissue Dissection ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Medial Plantar Artery

The purpose of this study was to define the intraosseous and extraosseous blood supply of the hallucal sesamoids by studying a total of 10 fresh-frozen, below-knee specimens with no evidence of vascular disease. Most specimens were injected with high grade India ink, cleared using a standard Spalteholz technique, and processed to delineate the extraosseous and intraosseous blood supply to include soft tissue dissection and coronal sectioning. Two additional specimens were injected with blue Mercox acrylic solution to further define the extraosseous vasculature. The major extraosseous blood supply to the sesamoids is via the posterior tibial artery. This vessel then branches into the medial plantar artery which further divides upon entering the medial and lateral sesamoids in their proximal poles. Vessels in the peripheral soft tissues, although abundant, do not seem to penetrate the cortex of the sesamoids. The intraosseous blood supply to the sesamoids seems to be threefold. Mainly, sesamoid arteries enter the lateral and medial sesamoids from the proximal aspect via a single vessel. This proximal vessel proceeds distally with a network of branching. Plantar, nonarticular vessels enter the sesamoids, constituting a second source of vascularity. Finally, small vessels also enter the sesamoids through medial and lateral capsular attachments. Based on this study, a possible explanation for avascular necrosis and nonunion of sesamoids is proposed, and an optimal surgical approach is discussed. A medial operative approach avoiding the proximal pole of the sesamoids will preserve the main arterial source. The plantar surface of the sesamoids should also be avoided. Minimal dissection through the circumferential soft tissue vascular sleeve is recommended.

scholarly journals Features of morphological changes in articular tissues in vascular diseases of the lower extremities

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
V.V. Zherebkin ◽  
D.N. Shiyan ◽  
I.V. Borzenkova ◽  
P.V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Joint Surface ◽  
Functional Load

Background. Big epidemiological studies have revealed a link between osteoarthritis and some cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, cerebral circulation disorders, vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Objective. Determination of the features of morphological changes in the synovial membrane of the joint, articular cartilage and subchondral bone in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods. Histological studies of articular tissues of 30 amputated lower extremities in persons with vascular diseases of the lower extremities were performed. Results. In all samples of the capsule of the knee joint, gross violations of the microcirculatory canal and histological changes of osteoarthritis and subchondral osteoporosis were revealed. At the same time, the revealed changes in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone were more pronounced in the patellar, which in the knee joint carries a negligible functional load, but receives blood supply only from the vessels of the articular capsule than in the joint surface of tibia, carrying the lion's share of the functional load on the knee joint, but receiving blood supply from the posterior tibial artery. Conclusion. The revealed features of morphological changes in articular tissues in vascular diseases of the lower extremities indicate that these diseases play an important role in the development of osteoarthritis and are more significant than the functional load on the joint. Further studies of the features of morphological changes in articular tissues in the samples of various contingents of persons are needed.

Clinical Evaluation Of Wave Conformation Of Photo- Pletismograph And Doppler In Distal Angiopathies

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pavlovsky ◽  
S Meschengieser
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Therapy Control ◽  
Actual Knowledge ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Objective System ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
The Waves

Objective studies and interpretation of circulatory problems in hands and feet are difficult. Several non invasive techniques for vascular diseases developed in recent years may have great application in small vessels.We have studied 280 patients with distal circulatory problems;recording(graph)the flow patterns obtained in a) distal arteries of the arm and leg with a bidirectional Doppler of 9.4 MH,and b) the skin arterioles at the tips of fingers and toes with a photopletismograph EP 100 (PP). The general patterns obtained comparing the waves at the graph recorded with the PP and Doppler were: A) a similar shape wave;B) a slight atenuation of the PP waves;C) a decrease of PP waves;D) an increase in PP waves. Patterns A and B are consider ed normal;Patterns C-D are abnormal.In vasospastic disorders great modifications of PP waves could be observed,with changes from patterns C to D or viceversa with the effect of stress-temperature and drugs. Degenerative arterio-pathies of big and small vessel could be distinguished evaluating the relation of the waves of both systems. Measurements of distal segmental pressures and the recovery time of pulse in fingers of toes with both systems add valuable information. We observed differences in wave types in some individuals, between Doppler and PP which are difficult to explain with our actual knowledge.We have found that the combination of both methods is an excellent objective system for the better study and drug therapy control of different small vessel diseases.

Automatic segmentation of the wire frame of stent grafts from CT data

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almar Klein ◽  
J. Adam van der Vliet ◽  
Luuk J. Oostveen ◽  
Yvonne Hoogeveen ◽  
Leo J. Schultze Kool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Stent Grafts ◽  
Wire Frame ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Ct Data

A Novel Reconstitution Method for Inducing the Formation of Regular 2-Dimensional Arrays of Membrane Proteins and Lipids

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 152-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Engel ◽  
A. Holzenburg ◽  
K. Stauffer ◽  
J. Rosenbusch ◽  
U. Aebi
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Peltier Element ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
3 Dimensional

Reconstitution of solubilized and purified membrane proteins in the presence of phospholipids into vesicles allows their functions to be studied by simple bulk measurements (e.g. diffusion of differently sized solutes) or by conductance measurements after transformation into planar membranes. On the other hand, reconstitution into regular protein-lipid arrays, usually forming at a specific lipid-to-protein ratio, provides the basis for determining the 3-dimensional structure of membrane proteins employing the tools of electron crystallography.To refine reconstitution conditions for reproducibly inducing formation of large and highly ordered protein-lipid membranes that are suitable for both electron crystallography and patch clamping experiments aimed at their functional characterization, we built a flow-dialysis device that allows precise control of temperature and flow-rate (Fig. 1). The flow rate is generated by a peristaltic pump and can be adjusted from 1 to 500 ml/h. The dialysis buffer is brought to a preselected temperature during its travel through a meandering path before it enters the dialysis reservoir. A Z-80 based computer controls a Peltier element allowing the temperature profile to be programmed as function of time.

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