scholarly journals Underwater Shock Waves to Medicine

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuyoshi Takayama
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Bladder Stones ◽  
Wave Research ◽  
Underwater Shock

Abstract Application of underwater shock waves to medicine is one of the most interesting research topics in shock wave research. The facility of disintegrating bladder stones by using spark generated shock waves was invented by Yutkin in 1950. Later his method was combined with an endoscope to disintegrate kidney stones.

An underwater shock wave research device

1991 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1849-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando E. Prieto ◽  
Achim M. Loske ◽  
Frederick L. Yarger
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Underwater Shock Wave ◽  
Wave Research ◽  
Underwater Shock

scholarly journals Study of Ho:YAG Laser Generated Underwater Shock Waves and Cavity Bubble for Revascularization Therapy

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. R. Hosseini ◽  
T. Hirano ◽  
O. Onodera ◽  
K. Takayama
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Underwater Shock Wave ◽  
Ho:Yag Laser ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Underwater Shock

Abstract For applying shock waves to precise medical procedures like neurosurgery, a reliable generation of micro shock waves is required. Such sensitive applications make limits on usage of conventional underwater shock wave sources like Extracoporeal Shock Waves ESW [1] or micro explosives [2]. In the present study a Q-switched Ho:YAG laser and an optical fiber are used. Advantages of this method over previous shock wave sources are two order of magnitude reduction in focusing area if compared with ESW and elimination of product gases of micro explosives. Nakahara and Nagayama [3] studied underwater shock waves emanated from surface of an optical fiber by pulse Nd:YAG laser input using shadowgraph technique. Their qualitative study limited to visualization of shock waves at its early stage. The present research aims to clarify quantitatively process of the shock wave generation by direct laser beam irradiation through optical fibers, growth and behavior of generated cavities, and structure of heat induced flow in front of the optical fiber.

On Generation of Ultra-High Pressure by Converging of Underwater Shock Waves

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Itoh ◽  
S. Kubota ◽  
S. Nagano ◽  
M. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Detonation Wave ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Underwater Shock Wave ◽  
Water Chamber ◽  
Metallic Compounds ◽  
Underwater Shock ◽  
Graph System

The characteristics of a new assembly for the shock consolidation of difficult-to-consolidate powders, such as inter-metallic compounds or ceramic materials, were investigated by both the experimental method and numerical simulation method. The assembly consists of an explosive container, a water chamber, and a powder container. Once the explosive is detonated, a detonation wave occurs and propagates, and then impinges on the water surface of the water chamber. After that, there occurs immediately an underwater shock wave in the water chamber. The underwater shock wave interacts with the wall of the chamber during its propagation so that its strength is increased by the converging effect. We used the usual shadow graph system to photograph the interaction process between detonation wave and water. We also used a Manganin piezoresistance gage to measure the converged pressure of the conical water chamber. Finally, we numerically investigated, in detail, the converging effects of the various conical water chambers on the underwater shock waves. The experimental results and the correspondingly numerical results agree quite well with each other.

Analysis of a Bubble Deformation Process in a Microcapsule for Developing Drug Delivery Systems Using Underwater Shock Waves

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Tamagawa
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Deformation Process ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Cytokine Concentration ◽  
Bubble Deformation ◽  
Underwater Shock

This paper describes development of microcapsule using underwater shock waves, especially (1) the trial of making smaller microcapsules including a bubble for shock wave drug delivery systems, and analysis of a bubble deformation process to have higher efficiency of disintegration by shock wave, and (2) the effects of gradient of cytokine concentration on neutrophile motion in liquid by observing the concentration transport process with adding cytokine for developing drug delivery systems.

Induction of Microdamage Through Application of Acoustic Energy to Cortical Bone

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Tami ◽  
Melissa L. Knothe Tate ◽  
Jamie R. Streem ◽  
Ryan S. Comisford ◽  
Jared M. O’Leary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Waves ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Extracorporeal shock waves (ESW) are used routinely to break up kidney stones. Recently ESW has been implemented in the orthopaedic arena to treat heel spurs, although the mechanism underlying this therapeutic effect is not known. Acoustic energy has been shown to increase transport in bone. Furthermore, naturally occurring microdamage in bone has been implicated as a trigger for the onset of remodeling. We hypothesize that controlled application of ESW to bone tissue increases transport and stimulates bone turnover through production of low-level microdamage. The goal of this study was to identify the bandwidth and the application regime of acoustic energy to produce such damage. Transverse sections of sheep metacarpi (1 cm) were subjected to acoustic loading regimes of varying shock wave number and intensity. Thereafter, the blocks were bulk-stained with procion dye, embedded in PMMA, and sectioned into 100 mm slices for confocal microscopy and analysis. The blocks loaded with the highest energy regimes showed marked diffuse microdamage and microcracks, usually at sites of discontinuity along the periosteal edge. These results provide a first step in testing our hypothesis and ultimately may provide a basis for the exploitation of ESW to prevent osteopenia and/or osteoporosis.

Innovative Piezoelectric Extracorporeal Lithotripter

2008 ◽  
pp. 745-753
Author(s):  
Achim M. Loske ◽  
Francisco Fernández ◽  
Gilberto Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Tissue Trauma ◽  
Salivary Gland Stones

Before 1980, the majority of patients with urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis needed surgery (Kerbl, Rehman, Landman, Lee, Sundaram, & Clayman, 2002; Soucie et al., 1994). Fortunately, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopic intrarenal surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) now allow almost any calculus to be removed without open surgery. SWL refers to the use of high intensity pressure pulses, generated outside the body, to break up kidney stones (Chaussy, Brendel, & Schmiedt, 1980; Loske, 2007). It has become the standard treatment for the majority of patients and an alternative in the management of gallbladder stones, pancreatic concrements, and salivary gland stones. Even though initial studies concluded that shock waves had no damaging effect on renal tissue, later several authors reported that shock waves may cause tissue trauma (Evan, Willis, Connors, McAteer, & Lingeman, 1991; Evan, Willis, & Lingeman, 2003 Willis et al., 1999). Fortunately, techniques and devices are still evolving and improvements to increase stone fragmentation efficiency and reduce tissue trauma are being constantly sought.

Underwater shock wave induced by pulsed discharge on water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Furusato ◽  
Mitsuru Sasaki ◽  
Yoshinobu Matsuda ◽  
Takahiko Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Surface Discharge ◽  
Underwater Shock Wave ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Underwater Shock ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wave Induced

Abstract Plasmas on liquids have provided significant applications in material, environmental, and biological sciences. The mechanisms of these chemical reactions in liquids have been primarily discussed by the plasma–liquid interactions and convection by an electrohydrodynamic flow. Although shock waves play a significant role in the radical formation, agitation, and cell destruction, not much information is available on underwater shock waves induced by the surface discharge on water. In this study, an underwater shock wave generated by the pulsed surface discharge on water using the laser shadowgraph method has been demonstrated. The results reveal that the shock wave generated by the discharge on water was transmitted into the water. The mean velocity of the shock wave reached 1.7 km/s. The results indicate that the surface discharge accelerates the reaction in the water by the combined action of the underwater shock wave and the plasma reaction at the air–water interface. The results are expected to aid in the understanding the mechanisms of existing applications, such as decomposition, synthesis, and sterilization.

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