scholarly journals Tactile Display Device Using Distributed Lateral Skin Stretch

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Hayward ◽  
Juan Manuel Cruz-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Display Device ◽  
Lateral Stress ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tactile Displays ◽  
Skin Stretch ◽  
Finger Pad

Abstract In the past, tactile displays were of one of two kinds: they were either shape displays, or relied on distributed vibrotactile stimulation. A tactile display device is described in this paper which is distinguished by the fact that it relies exclusively on lateral skin stretch stimulation. It is constructed from an array of 64 closely packed piezoelectric actuators connected to a membrane. The deformations of this membrane cause an array of 112 skin contactors to create programmable lateral stress fields in the skin of the finger pad. Some preliminary observations are reported with respect to the sensations that this kind of display can produce.

Configuration of a Novel Sub-Millimeter Resolution Piezoelectric Actuator Based Wearable Tactile Display System for Blind Individuals

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash C. R. J. Naidu ◽  
Ramesh Yechangunja ◽  
Mandayam A. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Block Type ◽  
Display Device ◽  
Display System ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Blind Individuals ◽  
General Communication

This paper presents the work conducted towards the realization of a novel tactile display system, first using block type piezoelectric actuators and later using cantilever type piezoelectric actuators. The system is particularly useful for blind users to communicate with computers through touch, but also has many potential applications in several other fields such as virtual reality, gaming, and other general communication interfaces for sighted users. Although piezoelectric actuators have been used in the past in electronic Braille and other systems, there is no reported configuration that can achieve sub-millimeter center-to-center resolution in an array of programmable actuation pins that act as interfaces in contact with a human body part such as a finger. This paper reports development of a wearable tactile display device: (a) built of block type actuators and its characterization showing that the perception was not adequate for certain purposes; (b) further, a novel arrangement with considerable improvement in perception wherein- (i) two or more vibrating stimulation pins can be located close to each other at the plane of contact with a finger, and (ii) actuated by means of piezoelectric bending elements arranged in a cantilever configuration partially overlapping each other in multiple planes. A significant feature of the unique configuration reported in this paper is that vibratory stimulation can be achieved at finer spatial resolutions than hitherto achieved.

Tactile Display for a Surface Texture Sensation

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Ikei ◽  
Shuichi Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
Just Noticeable Difference ◽  
Intensity Change ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Texture Element ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Tactile Displays ◽  
Real Objects

Abstract The authors have developed tactile displays which have vibrating pins to convey the surface texture sensation of object surfaces to the user’s fingertip. The tactile sensation intensity scaling was performed to obtain a sensation scale of the display by means of the JND (just noticeable difference) method. One dimensional curves on the scale were displayed to investigate the human sensitivity to an intensity change rate. A tactile texture presentation method based on the image of an object surface is introduced. Two kinds of experiment were performed to discuss the feature of the method. Texture discrimination is the first one, in which the effect of texture element size to the correct separation was discussed. Then the sensations produced by the display and those by real objects were compared regarding several samples that had a major feature of vertical lines and of not containing low frequencies. The results are summarized, which is followed by the future research work.

scholarly journals Now You Feel It, Now You Don’t: The Effect of Movement, Cue Complexity, and Body Location on Tactile Change Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-655
Author(s):  
Kylie Gomes ◽  
Scott Betza ◽  
Sara Lu Riggs
Keyword(s):  
Change Detection ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Tactile Perception ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Tactile Displays ◽  
Address Data ◽  
Tactile Cues

Objective To evaluate the effects that movement, cue complexity, and the location of tactile displays on the body have on tactile change detection. Background Tactile displays have been demonstrated as a means to address data overload by offloading the visual and auditory modalities. However, change blindness—the failure to detect changes in a stimulus when changes coincide with another event or disruption in stimulus continuity—has been demonstrated to affect the tactile modality and may be exacerbated during movement. The complexity of tactile cues and locations of tactile displays on the body may also affect the detection of changes in tactile patterns. Limitations to tactile perception need to be examined. Method Twenty-four participants performed a tactile change detection task while sitting, standing, and walking. Tactile cues varied in complexity and included low, medium, and high complexity cues presented to the arm or back. Results Movement adversely affects tactile change detection as hit rates were the highest while sitting, followed by standing and walking. Cue complexity affected tactile change detection: Low complexity cues resulted in higher detection rates compared with medium and high complexity cues. The arms exhibited better change detection performance than the back. Conclusion The design of tactile displays should consider the effect of movement. Cue complexity should be minimized and decisions about the location of a tactile display should take into account body movements to support tactile perception. Application The findings can provide design guidelines to inform tactile display design for data-rich, complex domains.

Speechreading Supplemented by Single-Channel and Multichannel Tactile Displays of Voice Fundamental Frequency

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin S. Waldstein ◽  
Arthur Boothroyd
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
Auditory Presentation ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Tactile Displays ◽  
Voice Fundamental Frequency

The benefits of two tactile codes of voice fundamental frequency (F o ) were evaluated as supplements to the speechreading of sentences in two short-term training studies, each using 12 adults with normal hearing. In Experiment 1, a multichannel spatiotemporal display of F o , known as Portapitch, was used to stimulate the index finger. In an attempt to improve on past performance with this display, the coding scheme was modified to better cover the F o range of the talker in the training materials. For Experiment 2, to engage kinesthetic/proprioceptive pathways, a novel single-channel positional display was built, in which F o was coded as the vertical displacement of a small finger-rest. Input to both displays consisted of synthesized replicas of the F o contours of the sentences, prepared and perfected off-line. Training with the two tactile F o displays included auditory presentation of the synthesized F o contours in conjunction with the tactile patterns on alternate trials. Speechreading enhancement by the two tactile F o displays was compared to the enhancement provided when auditory F o information was available in conjunction with the tactile patterns, by auditory presentation of a sinusoidal indication of the presence or absence of voicing, and by a single-channel tactile display of the speech waveform presented to the index finger. Despite the modified coding strategy, the multichannel Portapitch provided a mean tactile speechreading enhancement of 7 percentage points, which was no greater than that found in previous studies. The novel positional F o display provided only a 4 percentage point enhancement. Neither F o display was better than the simple single-channel tactile transform of the full speech waveform, which gave a 7 percentage point enhancement effect. Auditory speechreading enhancement effects were 17 percentage points with the voicing indicator and approximately 35 percentage points when the auditory F o contour was provided in conjunction with the tactile displays. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that subjects were not taking full advantage of the F o variation information available in the outputs of the two experimental tactile displays.

scholarly journals Wearable Actuators: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yiduo Yang ◽  
Mengjiao Li ◽  
Erdong Chen ◽  
Weilei Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuators ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Liquid Crystal Elastomers

The booming wearable market and recent advances in material science has led to the rapid development of the various wearable sensors, actuators, and devices that can be worn, embedded in fabric or accessories, or tattoos directly onto the skin. Wearable actuators, a subcategory of wearable technology, have attracted enormous interest from researchers in various disciplines and many wearable actuators and devices have been developed in the past few decades to assist and improve people's everyday lives. In this paper, we review the actuation mechanisms, structures, applications, and limitations of recently developed wearable actuators including pneumatic and hydraulic actuators, shape memory alloys and polymers, thermal and hygroscopic materials, dielectric elastomers, ionic and conducting polymers, piezoelectric actuators, electromagnetic actuators, liquid crystal elastomers, etc. Examples of the recent applications such as wearable soft robots, haptic devices, and personal thermal regulation textiles are highlighted. Finally, we point out the current bottleneck and suggest the prospective future research directions for wearable actuators.

scholarly journals Design Procedure and Simulation of a Novel Multi-Modal Tactile Display Device for Biomedical Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader A. Mansour ◽  
Ahmed M. R. Fath El-Bab ◽  
Mohamed Abdellatif
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
Display Device

scholarly journals Fundamental Perceptual Characterization of an Integrated Tactile Display with Electrovibration and Electrical Stimuli

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Komurasaki ◽  
Hiroyuki Kajimoto ◽  
Hiroki Ishizuka
Keyword(s):  
Single Stimulus ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
Micro Fabrication ◽  
Tactile Displays ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Friction Pressure ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
The Relationship

Tactile displays have been widely studied for many decades. Although multiple tactile stimuli are more effective to improve the quality of the presented tactile sensation, most tactile displays provide a single tactile stimulus. An integrated tactile display with electrovibration and electrical stimuli is proposed herein. It is expected that vibrational friction, pressure and vibration can be presented at the same time through the tactile display. Also, these stimuli only require electrodes for stimulation. Therefore, the tactile display can be easily miniaturized and densely arrayed on a substrate. In this study, a tactile display is designed and fabricated using the micro-fabrication process. Furthermore, the display is evaluated. First, the relationship between a single stimulus and the perception is investigated. The electrovibration and electrical stimuli have a frequency dependence on perception. Second, whether the multiple stimuli with the electrovibration and electrical stimuli are perceivable by the subjects is also evaluated. The results indicate that the multiple tactile stimuli are perceivable by the subjects. Also, the possibility that the electrovibration and electrical stimuli affect each other is confirmed.

Verification of Haptic Illusions Using a Haptic Interface and Consideration on its Mechanism

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Hara ◽  
◽  
Takahiro Higuchi ◽  
Ayaka Ohtake ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
Haptic Interface ◽  
Display Device ◽  
Haptic Interfaces ◽  
Realistic Force ◽  
Weight Illusion ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Unique Mechanism

In these days, a haptic interface, which is a force/tactile display device, is attracting great interest in virtual reality. With regard to this technology, researchers have reported ways to construct virtual environment and development of new devices with a unique mechanism but rarely explored the relationships between human perception and virtual dynamics. This paper suggests that it is necessary to clarify the relationships to provide more realistic force/tactile sensation for users. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the force sensations displayed by haptic interfaces. This study focused on two haptic illusion phenomena, which are a haptic horizontal-vertical illusion and a size-weight illusion. Results of experiments using the haptic interface verified that such haptic illusions are reproducible in virtual reality. This implies that perceptual experiments can be realized using haptic interfaces, which may have potential to discover new haptic illusions. Further, this paper attempts to study the size-weight illusion by using functions of the haptic interface such as position and force sensing functions and propose a new hypothesis on the size-weight illusion. These results demonstrate that the effectiveness of haptic interfaces for perceptual experiments.

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