Evaluating and Improving Locomotive Crashworthiness Using LS-DYNA

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Kokkins ◽  
S. Kash Kasturi ◽  
Wayne Kong ◽  
S. K. John Punwani
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Dynamic Finite Element ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
Linear Material ◽  
The Right ◽  
Modeling Code

Abstract Representative structural models of locomotives, other rail vehicles, and other potential colliding objects were combined into moving consists which were then subjected to various collision scenarios. The LS-DYNA dynamic finite-element modeling code was utilized to realistically simulate collisions and guide understanding and improvements of the locomotive structures. This incorporated the effects of the collision interactions, plus critical non-linear material and structural behavior, buckling, fracture, kinematics, and wayside interactions of the vehicles. The types of collisions included: locomotive-headed consists striking standing consists obliquely fouling the Right Of Way, headed both by freight cars and other locomotives; locomotives striking loose, loaded intermodal containers dislodged from opposing cars on adjacent track. Work on multiple coupled locomotive overrides in direct consist collisions is now being conducted. The effects of varying parameters such as collision speeds, location and orientation of the colliding vehicles, and structural improvements were explored and quantified. Also, the effects of some structural design modifications such as stronger collision posts and cab structure were evaluated using this process. Verification studies to date have shown good correlation between the analytical simulations and observed outcome of actual historical accidents.

The Airplane Hangars of Pier Luigi Nervi: Digital and Scaled Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-200
Author(s):  
Giulio M. Barazzetta ◽  
Emilio Mossa ◽  
Carlo Poggi ◽  
Marco Simoncelli
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Methods ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Scaled Models ◽  
Work Done

The paper presents a complete study of the work done by Pier Luigi Nervi for the design and construction of a series of concrete hangars between 1935 and 1940. This research is enclosed in the framework of the exhibition entitled "Pier Luigi Nervi, il modello come strumento di progetto e costruzione" that gathers researches from Università degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Roma Tor Vergata and Politecnico di Milano. The exhibition was used as a starting point for a general discussion about the meaning of the logical passage that leads engineers and architects from physical scaled models to numerical structural models. The Politecnico di Milano contributed to re-writing the first experiences of Pier Luigi Nervi and Arturo Danusso in the structural modeling. Scaled models, nowadays substituted by finite element methods, were widely used in the past, for the understanding of the structural behavior of complex structures. Unfortunately, many of these masterpieces have been destroyed during the years (as happened to the two original models tested by Pier Luigi Nervi and reproduced for the exhibition). <br/> In the last part of the paper, based on numerical results, the structural behavior of these hangars is deeply discussed, underlining all the principal strengths and weaknesses of these complex structures.

ANALYSIS OF REGULATIONS REGARDING THE SETTLEMENT OF ISSUES ON THE REMOVAL AND RECOVERY OF PLANTATIONS IN THE RIGHT-OF-WAY OF PUBLIC ROADS

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Nataliia Kharytonova ◽  
Olha Mykolaienko ◽  
Tetyana Lozova
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Visual Orientation ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Overhead Power Lines ◽  
The Right ◽  
Neck Diameter ◽  
Proper Operation

Greening of roads contributes to the protection of roads and their elements from influence of adverse weather and climatic factors; it includes the measures for improvement and landscaping of roads, ensures the protection of roadside areas from transport pollution, provides visual orientation of drivers. The solution of these issues will ensure creation and maintenance of safe and comfortable conditions for travelers. Green plantings in the right-of-way road area include woody, bushy, flower and grass vegetation of natural and artificial origin. For proper operation of public roads and satisfaction of other needs of the industry, there may be the need in removing the greenery. The reason for the removal of greenery in the right-of-way road area may be due to the following factors: construction of the architectural object, widening of the motor road, repair works in the security zone of overhead power lines, water supply, drainage, heating, telecommunications facilities, cutting of hazardous, dry and fautal trees, as well as self-grown and brushwood trees with a root neck diameter not exceeding 5 cm, elimination of the consequences of natural disasters and emergencies. The removal of plantations in the right-of-way area is executed in order to ensure traffic safety conditions and to improve the quality of plantations composition and their protective properties. Nowadays, in Ukraine there is no clear procedure for issuing permits for removing of such plantations. In order to resolve this issue, there is a need in determining the list of regulations in the area of forest resources of Ukraine and, if needed, the list of regulatory acts that have to be improved; to prepare a draft of the regulatory legal act that would establish the procedure of plantations cutting, the methodology of their condition determination, recovery costs determination, the features of cutting. Keywords: plantations, cutting, right-of-way, woodcutting permit, order.

Affordable structural optimization for large-size dynamic finite element models

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Hemez ◽  
Emmanuel Pagnacco ◽  
Francois Hemez ◽  
Emmanuel Pagnacco
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Dynamic Finite Element ◽  
Large Size

Custom-Fitted EVA Mouthguards: what is the ideal thickness? a dynamic finite element impact study

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crisnicaw Verissimo ◽  
Paulo Victor Moura Costa ◽  
Paulo Cesar Freitas Santos-Filho ◽  
Daranee Tantbirojn ◽  
Antheunis Versluis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Impact Study ◽  
Dynamic Finite Element ◽  
The Ideal
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