Energy Absorption of Braided Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Tubes

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Ching Quek ◽  
Anthony M. Waas
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Continuum Damage Mechanics ◽  
Composite Tubes ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite

Abstract Results from an experimental and analytical study on the behavior of braided glass fiber composite tubes under quasi-static crush conditions are presented. The composite tubes have an initiator plug introduced at one open end (chamfered) while the other end is clamped. This procedure causes the tube to ‘flare’ outwards into fronds and results in the progressive failure of the tube in the axial and hoop direction without global tube buckling. Axial force and axial displacements are measured during these tests in order to assess energy absorption. In addition, readings from strain gages that are placed at critical locations on the tube walls are used to assess the state of strain on the tube walls away from the crush end. During a crush test, the axial load ascended to a maximum value and subsequently settled to a plateau value about which the load oscillated during the progressive crushing of the tube. The oscillations exhibited distinct periodicity. Results from an analytical model that best simulates the failure of these tubes are presented. The model is based on an axisymmetric formulation of the cylindrical shell equations in conjunction with ideas from classical fracture mechanics and continuum damage mechanics.

Evaluation of Damping for Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 654-658
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Material System ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite

A structural composite is a material system consisting of two or more phases on macroscopic scale whose mechanical performance and properties are designed to be superior to those of the constituent materials acting independently. One of the phases is stiffer and stronger and is called reinforcement and less stiff and weaker phase is known as matrix. This paper presents an experimental analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the unidirectional fiber composite as functions of fiber orientation, temperature, frequency and ramp rate. Dynamic characteristics of glass fiber composite are measured using dynamic machine analyzer (Triton 2000) in three point flexure bending. Micromechanical finite element model is modeled in NISA FEM software and damping of composite material is predicted and results are compared with experimental result.

The effect of nanoparticle additive on surface milling in glass fiber reinforced composite structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110141
Author(s):  
Ferhat Ceritbinmez ◽  
Ahmet Yapici ◽  
Erdoğan Kanca
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Composite Layers

In this study, the effect of adding nanosize additive to glass fiber reinforced composite plates on mechanical properties and surface milling was investigated. In the light of the investigations, with the addition of MWCNTs additive in the composite production, the strength of the material has been changed and the more durable composite materials have been obtained. Slots were opened with different cutting speed and feed rate parameters to the composite layers. Surface roughness of the composite layers and slot size were examined and also abrasions of cutting tools used in cutting process were determined. It was observed that the addition of nanoparticles to the laminated glass fiber composite materials played an effective role in the strength of the material and caused cutting tool wear.

scholarly journals Cyclic Relaxation, Impact Properties and Fracture Toughness of Carbon and Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Laminates

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7412
Author(s):  
Mohammed Y. Abdellah ◽  
Mohamed K. Hassan ◽  
Ahmed F. Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed H. Backar
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite ◽  
Cyclic Relaxation ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates are experimentally tested. The relaxation behavior of carbon and glass fiber composite laminates is investigated at room temperature. In addition, the impact strength under drop-weight loading is measured. The hand lay-up technique is used to fabricate composite laminates with woven 8-ply carbon and glass fiber reinforced epoxy. Tensile tests, cyclic relaxation tests and drop weight impacts are carried out on the carbon and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates. The surface release energy GIC and the related fracture toughness KIC are important characteristic properties and are therefore measured experimentally using a standard test on centre-cracked specimens. The results show that carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates with high tensile strength give high cyclic relaxation performance, better than the specimens with glass fiber composite laminates. This is due to the higher strength and stiffness of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy with 600 MPa compared to glass fiber-reinforced epoxy with 200 MPa. While glass fibers show better impact behavior than carbon fibers at impact energies between 1.9 and 2.7 J, this is due to the large amount of epoxy resin in the case of glass fiber composite laminates, while the impact behavior is different at impact energies between 2.7 and 3.4 J. The fracture toughness KIC is measured to be 192 and 31 MPa √m and the surface energy GIC is measured to be 540.6 and 31.1 kJ/m2 for carbon and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates, respectively.

scholarly journals Discussion: “Damage Modeling in Random Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites Including Permanent Strain and Unilateral Effect” (Mir, H., Fafard, M., Bissonnette, B., and Dano, M. L., 2005, ASME J. Appl. Mech., 72, pp. 249–258)

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-348
Author(s):  
Noël Challamel ◽  
Christophe Lanos ◽  
Charles Casandjian
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Continuum Damage Mechanics ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Glass Fiber Composites ◽  
Permanent Strain ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Short Glass Fiber ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Short Glass

The paper of Mir et al. [ASME J. Appl. Mech., 72, pp. 249–258 (2005)] analyzes the deformation behavior of random short glass fiber composites using a continuum damage mechanics model incorporating permanent strain and unilateral effect. Unilateral effect is a difficult topic [see, for instance, J. L. Chaboche, Int. J. Damage Mech., 2, pp. 311–329 (1993)] and it seems to us that the model of Mir et al. still raises some questions.

Prediction of hygrothermal behavior of polyester/glass fiber composite in dissymmetric absorption

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (29) ◽  
pp. 4001-4007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ounaies ◽  
Manel Harchay ◽  
Fakhreddine Dammak ◽  
Hachmi Ben Daly
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The Core ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite ◽  
Hygrothermal Behavior ◽  
Polyester Composites ◽  
Kinetics Of

This article studies the hygrothermal behavior of E-glass fiber-reinforced polyester composites containing filler additives. Three different cases of a material exposed to water are investigated at two various temperatures: 45℃ and 65℃. First, both lateral sides are exposed to water at the same temperature (symmetric absorption). Second, one side is exposed to water at a certain temperature and the other side is exposed to ambient air (dissymmetric absorption I). Third, both lateral sides are exposed to water at varied temperatures (dissymmetric absorption II). The kinetics of water absorption follows the Fick’s second law. The water concentration is higher on the surface of the material and it decreases continuously toward the core of the model. The increase in the temperature and the higher level of additives raise the absorbed moisture and the diffusion coefficient. The software “Abaqus” is used to simulate the water diffusion through the material. The comparison between the experimental and numerical results shows that the model can predict the hygrothermal behavior of the polyester/glass fiber in symmetric and dissymmetric absorption.

Numerical Evaluation of Stiffness and Energy Absorption of a Hybrid Unidirectional/Random Glass Fiber Composite

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wensong Yang ◽  
Assimina A. Pelegri
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Specific Energy Absorption ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite

A finite element method is employed to numerically evaluate the stiffness and energy absorption properties of an architecturally hybrid composite material consisting of unidirectional and random glass fiber layers. An ls-dyna finite element model of a composite hollow square tube is developed in which the position of the random fiber layers varies through the thickness. The assessment of the stiffness and energy absorption is performed via three-point impact and longitudinal crash tests at two speeds, 15.6 m/s (35 mph) and 29.0 m/s (65 mph), and five strain rates, ɛ· = 0.1 s−1, 1 s−1, 10 s−1, 20 s−1, and 40 s−1. It is suggested that strategic positioning of the random fiber microstructural architecture into the hybrid composite increases its specific absorption energy and, therefore, enhances its crashworthiness. The simulation data indicate that the composite structure with outer layers of unidirectional lamina followed by random fiber layers is the stiffest due to the considerable superior specific energy absorption of the random fiber micro-architecture. Moreover, it is illustrated that the specific energy absorption increases with the increased ratio of impact contact area over cross-section area. Of all the parameters tested the thickness of the unidirectional laminate on the specific energy absorption does not appear to have a significant effect at the studied thickness ratios.

Strain Sensing of Glass Fiber Reinforced Coupons by Using Carbon Nanotube Doped Resin

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achilles Vairis ◽  
Nikolaos D. Alexopoulos ◽  
Evangelos P. Favvas ◽  
Stefanos Nitodas
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
The Self ◽  
Stacking Sequence ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite

Addition of different percentages of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the mechanical behaviour of epoxy resin as well as glass fiber composite with symmetrical stacking sequence is assessed. GFRPs were manufactured with the vacuum assisted resin infusion (VARI) process. Performed tensile tests showed that the addition of the CNTs increased the modulus of elasticity with a simultaneously dramatic ductility decrease. The real merit of the CNT addition is the enhancement the composites multi-functionability; piezo-resistivity was recorded to further exploit the self-sensing ability of the innovative composites.

Development of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites for Bumper Beam in Automobile

2017 ◽  
Vol 751 ◽  
pp. 779-784
Author(s):  
Suteera Witayakran ◽  
Wuttinant Kongtud ◽  
Jirachaya Boonyarit ◽  
Wirasak Smitthipong ◽  
Rungsima Chollakup
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Bumper Beam ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite

This research aims to use oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibers to reinforce epoxy resin for bumper beam in cars to replace epoxy/glass fiber composite. EFB fibers were extracted by two methods; chemical method by treating with 10-30% sodium hydroxide (% by weight of fiber) and mechanical method by steam explosion process at 12-20 kgf/cm2 for 5 mins. Then, the obtained fibers were bleached by hydrogen peroxide. The results show that the chemical method can eliminate lignin better than the other and provided stronger fibers. Increasing of alkaline concentration yielded the decrease of lignin content and increase of cellulose content, while no significant difference on fiber size and strength was observed. In steam explosion method, increasing of pressure vapor affected to more dark brown color and disintegrated fibers. Therefore, the optimal method for preparing EFB fibers for reinforcement of epoxy composite was chemical treatment using 30%NaOH, followed by bleaching. Then, the EFB fibers extracted by chemical method at 30%NaOH were used for reinforcing epoxy composite with fiber contents of 0-10%w/w and compared to epoxy/glass fiber composite. The results show that flexural modulus did not increase with increasing fiber content. However, the chemical treated fibers can support composite from falling apart after testing like glass fiber reinforced composite with fiber contents upper than 7.5%w/w. Impact strength and storage modulus of alkaline treated palm fiber reinforced composites increased when fiber content more than 7.5%w/w. Thermal properties of composite, analyzed by DSC and DMTA, shows that the Tg increased with fiber content. Flexural modulus and thermal properties of EFB reinforced epoxy composites provided similar results to glass fiber reinforced composites. Therefore, EFB fiber reinforced epoxy composite could be an alternative green material for bumper beam in automobile.

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