Centrifugal Compressor Design and Testing in Finnish High Speed Technology

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Larjola ◽  
J. Backman ◽  
H. Esa ◽  
H. Pitkänen ◽  
P. Sallinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Compressor Wheel ◽  
Performance Map

Abstract This paper reports on the design procedure to produce radial compressors for high speed applications. These compressors are directly connected to a high speed electric motor. Speed control is used instead of IGV and diffuser vane control, and this sets some additional requirements e.g. for the shape of the compressor performance map. It is required that at the design pressure ratio the compressor has a wide operating range in mass flow, when optimal speed control is used. It is also required that the high efficiency range of the compressor is as wide as possible. One-dimensional computation giving the basic geometry and performance map of the compressor is done with a non-commercial program. Then a geometry generation 3D program is used to define the whole compressor wheel geometry. The wheel geometry data is used in the flow and structure analyses. The compressor flow is calculated with a three-dimensional CFD-program, which has specially been modified for centrifugal compressor flow. Particularly in the optimization process of the volute, also time-dependent computation of the complete compressor using the sliding mesh technique is used. The performance of the final compressor geometry is measured in the University test facility and the test results are used to develop the design process. Up to this date, 15 different high speed compressors have been aerodynamically designed and tested in this design loop. The typical pressure ratio of the compressors ranges from 1.6 to 2.5.

Aerodesign and Testing of an Aeromechanically Highly Loaded LP Turbine

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Malzacher ◽  
J. Gier ◽  
F. Lippl
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Low Pressure Turbine ◽  
High Mach ◽  
Lp Turbine ◽  
Compact Geometry

Future turbo systems for aircraft engines need very compact geometry, low weight, and high efficiency components. The geared turbofan enables the engine designer to decouple the speed of the fan and the LP turbine to combine a low speed fan with a high speed LP turbine. The low pressure turbine is a key component for this concept. The technological challenge is very much driven by the very high low-spool speed. Resulting as well from high inlet temperatures, the LP turbine needs cooling of the first stage. A new MTU LPT concept for such a high speed turbine has been developed and tested in a turbine rig. The concept consists of a two-stage turbine for extremely high speed and high stage pressure ratio (ER 2.3). This leads to extra high mechanical loading and an exotic combination of high Mach numbers (transonic) and very low Reynolds numbers. In this paper some design features are described. Some elements of the airfoil design were also tested in additional cascade tests. The two-stage turbine was tested at the Altitude Test Facility of the ILA, Stuttgart. The test setup is described including details of the instrumentation. Test data shows a good turbine performance. Measurements are also compared to 3D CFD, which is used to analyze local effects.

Rapid Design of DC Motor Speed Control System Based on MATLAB

2015 ◽  
Vol 743 ◽  
pp. 168-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Lei Wang ◽  
Tai Yuan Yin ◽  
Jin Tao Chen ◽  
Jian Xun Liang ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Rapid Design ◽  
Speed Control System ◽  
Low Efficiency

DC motor speed control system is a typical closed-loop control system ofelectromechanical control subject. This paper presents a fast and efficient developing method ofcontrol system based on MATLAB, overcoming the shortcomings of the low efficiency and longdesign cycle in the traditional control system, and completing the rapid design of DC motor speedcontrol system, with its whole process based on MATLAB through the combination and applicationof the multiple toolboxes of the MATLAB. It applies the System Identification toolbox ofMATLAB to model the DC motor, the Simulink toolbox to simulate the control system, SimulinkDesign Optimization toolbox to optimize the PID parameters automatically, and the RTWtechnology to generate the codes for the DSP target board. Compared with the traditional designmethod, this method is characterized by high-efficiency, high-speed, and easy adjustment, havingcertain significance to the design of other control systems.

Aerodesign and Testing of an Aero-Mechanically Highly Loaded LP Turbine

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Malzacher ◽  
J. Gier ◽  
F. Lippl
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Low Pressure Turbine ◽  
High Stage ◽  
High Mach ◽  
Lp Turbine ◽  
Compact Geometry

Future turbo systems for aircraft engines need very compact geometry, low weight and high efficiency components. The geared turbofan enables the engine designer to decouple the speed of the fan and the LP turbine to combine a low speed fan with a high speed LP turbine. The low pressure turbine is a key component for this concept. The technological challenge is very much driven by the very high low-spool speed. Resulting from also high inlet temperatures the LP turbine needs cooling of the first stage. A new MTU LPT concept for such a high speed turbine has been developed and tested in a turbine rig. The concept consists of a 2 stage turbine for extremely high speed and high stage pressure ratio (ER 2.3). This leads to extra high mechanical loading and an exotic combination of high Mach Numbers (transonic) and very low Reynolds Numbers. In this paper some design features are described. Some elements of the airfoil design were also tested in additional cascade tests. The 2 stage turbine was tested at the Altitude Test Facility of the ILA, Stuttgart. The test setup is described including details of the instrumentation. Test data shows a good turbine performance. Measurements are also compared to 3D CFD, which is used to analyse local effects.

Design and Investigation on a Centrifugal Compressor for PEM Fuel Cell System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bihuan Zong ◽  
Weilin Zhuge ◽  
Qiyu Ying ◽  
Haoxiang Chen ◽  
Yangjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Loss Mechanism ◽  
Air Compressor

Abstract Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a very attractive power source to meet high efficiency and low emission. For mobility applications, PEMFC needs to have a larger power density and it can be achieved with an air compressor to intake more air for chemical reaction. Different from a turbocharger, the compressor for PEMFC is not driven by a turbine, but by an electric motor as well. Due the limitation of motor speed and compact system size, the air compressor must be in small size and operate with low rotational speed. In compressor aerodynamic study, low specific speed and small size is believed to have large loss and it needs to be further investigated and improved. In this paper, a centrifugal compressor combined with an air bearing is specially developed, with rotational speed as 120k RPM and pressure ratio as 3.5. The compressor impeller, diffuser and volute are designed by mean-line method followed by 3D detailed design. Computational fluid dynamics method is employed to predict compressor performance as well as analyze compressor internal flow field and loss mechanism. Simulation results indicate that major losses including leakage flow loss in impeller and loss in diffuser. As a result, corresponding optimization design method is proposed, the total-to-total aerodynamic efficiency of the redesigned compressor has increased 5% at design point.

Design of a Centrifugal Compressor With Low Specific Speed for Automotive Fuel Cell

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinqian Zheng ◽  
Yangjun Zhang ◽  
Hong He ◽  
Zhiling Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
System A ◽  
Automotive Fuel ◽  
Low Specific Speed ◽  
Specific Speed

Centrifugal compressors driven by electric motor are the promising type for fuel cell pressurization system. A low specific speed centrifugal compressor powered by an ordinary high-speed (about 25,000rpm) electric motor has been designed at Tsinghua University for automotive fuel cell engines. The experimental results indicate that the designed low specific speed centrifugal compressor has comparatively high efficiency and wide operating range. In the condition of designed speed (24,000rpm), the highest efficiency and pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor is up to 70% and 1.6, respectively. The designed low specific speed centrifugal compressor can meet the requirement of air systems of automotive fuel cell engines preliminarily. Moreover, the low specific speed centrifugal compressor avoids difficulties of usage of ultra-high-speed electric motors (about 60,000rpm) in high specific speed compressor. Based on the preliminary results of this centrifugal compressor, a new low specific speed centrifugal compressor with higher performances is being developed.

Effect of Different Geometrical Inlet Pipes on a High Speed Centrifugal Compressor

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ce Yang ◽  
Ben Zhao ◽  
C. C. Ma ◽  
Dazhong Lao ◽  
Mi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Inlet Pipe ◽  
Unsteady Pressure ◽  
Bent Pipe ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Compressor Performance ◽  
Spectral Frequency ◽  
The One

Two different inlet configurations, including a straight pipe and a bent pipe, were experimentally tested and numerically simulated using a high-speed, low-mass flow centrifugal compressor. The pressure ratios of the compressor with the two inlet configurations were tested and then compared to illustrate the effect of the bent inlet pipe on the compressor. Furthermore, different circumferential positions of the bent inlet pipe relative to the volute are discussed for two purposes. One purpose is to describe the changes in the compressor performance that result from altering the circumferential position of the bent inlet pipe relative to the volute. This change in performance may be the so-called clocking effect, and its mechanism is different from the one in multistage turbomachinery. The other purpose is to investigate the unsteady flow for different matching states of the bent inlet pipe and volute. Thus, the frequency spectrum of unsteady pressure fluctuation was applied to analyze the aerodynamic response. Compared with the straight inlet pipe, the experimental results show that the pressure ratio is modulated and that the choke point is shifted in the bent inlet pipe. Similarly, the pressure ratio can be influenced by altering the circumferential position of the bent inlet pipe relative to the volute, which may have an effect on the unsteady pressure in the rotor section. Therefore, the magnitude of interest spectral frequency is significantly changed by clocking the bent inlet pipe.

scholarly journals Modelling of sensored speed control of BLDC motor using MATLAB/SIMULINK

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 3333
Author(s):  
Basim Alsayid ◽  
Wael A. Salah ◽  
Yazeed Alawneh
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Sensor Control ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
High Dynamic

<span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Recent developments in the field of magnetic materials and power electronics, along with the availability of cheap powerful processors, have increased the adoption of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors for various applications, such as in home appliances as well as in automotive, aerospace, and medical industries. The wide adoption of this motor is due to its many advantages over other types of motors, such as high efficiency, high dynamic response, long operating life, relatively quiet operation, and higher speed ranges. This paper presents a simulation of digital sensor control of permanent magnet BLDC motor speed using the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. A closed loop speed control was developed, and different tests were conducted to evaluate the validity of the control algorithms. Results confirm the satisfactory operation of the proposed control algorithms.</span>

scholarly journals Tip Clearance Actuation With Magnetic Bearings for High-Speed Compressor Stall Control

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. S. Spakovszky ◽  
J. D. Paduano ◽  
R. Larsonneur ◽  
A. Traxler ◽  
M. M. Bright
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Magnetic Bearing ◽  
Rotating Stall ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Magnetic Bearings ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Servo Actuator ◽  
Stall Control

Magnetic bearings are widely used as active suspension devices in rotating machinery, mainly for active vibration control purposes. The concept of active tip-clearance control suggests a new application of magnetic bearings as servo-actuators to stabilize rotating stall in axial compressors. This paper presents a first-of-a-kind feasibility study of an active stall control experiment with a magnetic bearing servo-actuator in the NASA Glenn high-speed single-stage compressor test facility. Together with CFD and experimental data a two-dimensional, incompressible compressor stability model was used in a stochastic estimation and control analysis to determine the required magnetic bearing performance for compressor stall control. The resulting requirements introduced new challenges to the magnetic bearing actuator design. A magnetic bearing servo-actuator was designed that fulfilled the performance specifications. Control laws were then developed to stabilize the compressor shaft. In a second control loop, a constant gain controller was implemented to stabilize rotating stall. A detailed closed loop simulation at 100 percent corrected design speed resulted in a 2.3 percent reduction of stalling mass flow, which is comparable to results obtained in the same compressor by Weigl et al. (1998. ASME J. Turbomach. 120, 625–636) using unsteady air injection. The design and simulation results presented here establish the viability of magnetic bearings for stall control in aero-engine high-speed compressors. Furthermore, the paper outlines a general design procedure to develop magnetic bearing servo-actuators for high-speed turbomachinery.

scholarly journals A zonal approach for estimating pressure ratio at compressor extreme off-design conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Galindo ◽  
Roberto Navarro ◽  
Luis Miguel García-Cuevas ◽  
Daniel Tarí ◽  
Hadi Tartoussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Performance Map

Zero-dimensional/one-dimensional computational fluid dynamics codes are used to simulate the performance of complete internal combustion engines. In such codes, the operation of a turbocharger compressor is usually addressed employing its performance map. However, simulation of engine transients may drive the compressor to work at operating conditions outside the region provided by the manufacturer map. Therefore, a method is required to extrapolate the performance map to extended off-design conditions. This work examines several extrapolating methods at the different off-design regions, namely, low-pressure ratio zone, low-speed zone and high-speed zone. The accuracy of the methods is assessed with the aid of compressor extreme off-design measurements. In this way, the best method is selected for each region and the manufacturer map is used in design conditions, resulting in a zonal extrapolating approach aiming to preserve accuracy. The transitions between extrapolated zones are corrected, avoiding discontinuities and instabilities.

Application of Water-Lubricated Bearings in Motorized Centrifugal Air Compressor for Fuel Cell Automotives

2014 ◽  
Vol 670-671 ◽  
pp. 920-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Feng ◽  
Tian Ming Ren
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Air Compressor ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
New Energy

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells intended for new energy automotives require a high efficiency and reliability motorized compressor to supply pressurized air. This paper presents a study and development of a motorized centrifugal air compressor using water-lubricated bearings. Comparing the performance of water-lubricated bearing with gas-lubricated bearing, we found that under the same power consumption the load capacity of water-lubricated bearings are more suitable for high speed motorized compressor system. A prototype was built and tested to verify the possibility of the developed motorized centrifugal air compressor. The results show that the system can operate at a stable rotating speed up to 80,000 rpm. The flow rate of the pressurized air is 350Kg/h and pressure ratio is 1.52 at 60,000 rpm, with a global efficiency of approximately 80%.

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